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articles/virtual-machines/linux/expand-disks.md

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ms.service: azure-disk-storage
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ms.collection: linux
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ms.topic: how-to
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ms.date: 07/12/2023
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ms.date: 01/25/2024
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ms.author: pagienge
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ms.custom: references_regions, ignite-fall-2021, devx-track-azurecli, linux-related-content
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---
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**Applies to:** :heavy_check_mark: Linux VMs :heavy_check_mark: Flexible scale sets
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This article describes how to expand managed disks for a Linux virtual machine (VM). You can [add data disks](add-disk.md) to provide for additional storage space, and you can also expand an existing data disk. The default virtual hard disk size for the operating system (OS) is typically 30 GB on a Linux VM in Azure. This article covers expanding either OS disks or data disks.
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This article describes how to expand managed disks for a Linux virtual machine (VM). You can [add data disks](add-disk.md) to provide for additional storage space, and you can also expand an existing data disk. The default virtual hard disk size for the operating system (OS) is typically 30 GB on a Linux VM in Azure. This article covers expanding either OS disks or data disks. You can't expand the size of striped volumes.
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An OS disk has a maximum capacity of 4,095 GiB. However, many operating systems are partitioned with [master boot record (MBR)](https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Master_boot_record) by default. MBR limits the usable size to 2 TiB. If you need more than 2 TiB, create and attach data disks and use them for data storage. If you need to store data on the OS disk and require the additional space, convert it to GUID Partition Table (GPT).
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## <a id="identifyDisk"></a>Identify Azure data disk object within the operating system ##
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In the case of expanding a data disk when there are several data disks present on the VM, it may be difficult to relate the Azure LUNs to the Linux devices. If the OS disk needs expansion, it will be clearly labeled in the Azure portal as the OS disk.
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In the case of expanding a data disk when there are several data disks present on the VM, it may be difficult to relate the Azure LUNs to the Linux devices. If the OS disk needs expansion, it is clearly labeled in the Azure portal as the OS disk.
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Start by identifying the relationship between disk utilization, mount point, and device, with the ```df``` command.
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/dev/sde1 ext4 32G 49M 30G 1% /opt/db/log
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```
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Here we can see, for example, the `/opt/db/data` filesystem is nearly full, and is located on the `/dev/sdd1` partition. The output of `df` will show the device path regardless of whether the disk is mounted by device path or the (preferred) UUID in the fstab. Also take note of the Type column, indicating the format of the filesystem. This will be important later.
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Here we can see, for example, the `/opt/db/data` filesystem is nearly full, and is located on the `/dev/sdd1` partition. The output of `df` shows the device path regardless of whether the disk is mounted by device path or the (preferred) UUID in the fstab. Also take note of the Type column, indicating the format of the filesystem. This is important later.
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Now locate the LUN which correlates to `/dev/sdd` by examining the contents of `/dev/disk/azure/scsi1`. The output of the following `ls` command will show that the device known as `/dev/sdd` within the Linux OS is located at LUN1 when looking in the Azure portal.
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Now locate the LUN that correlates to `/dev/sdd` by examining the contents of `/dev/disk/azure/scsi1`. The output of the following `ls` command shows that the device known as `/dev/sdd` within the Linux OS is located at LUN1 when looking in the Azure portal.
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```bash
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sudo ls -alF /dev/disk/azure/scsi1/
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### Detecting a changed disk size
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If a data disk was expanded without downtime using the procedure mentioned previously, the disk size won't be changed until the device is rescanned, which normally only happens during the boot process. This rescan can be called on-demand with the following procedure. In this example we have detected using the methods in this document that the data disk is currently `/dev/sda` and has been resized from 256GB to 512GB.
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If a data disk was expanded without downtime using the procedure mentioned previously, the disk size won't be changed until the device is rescanned, which normally only happens during the boot process. This rescan can be called on-demand with the following procedure. In this example we have detected using the methods in this document that the data disk is currently `/dev/sda` and has been resized from 256 GiB to 512 GiB.
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1. Identify the currently recognized size on the first line of output from `fdisk -l /dev/sda`
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└─rootvg-rootlv 253:6 0 2G 0 lvm /
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```
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1. Expand the partition containing this PV using *growpart*, the device name, and partition number. Doing so will expand the specified partition to use all the free contiguous space on the device.
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1. Expand the partition containing this PV using *growpart*, the device name, and partition number. Doing so expands the specified partition to use all the free contiguous space on the device.
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```bash
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growpart /dev/sda 4

articles/virtual-machines/windows/expand-os-disk.md

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ms.service: azure-disk-storage
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ms.collection: windows
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ms.topic: article
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ms.date: 07/12/2023
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ms.date: 01/25/2024
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ms.author: kirpas
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ms.custom: devx-track-azurepowershell, references_regions, ignite-fall-2021
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> Shrinking an existing disk isn’t supported and may result in data loss.
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>
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> After expanding the disks, you need to [Expand the volume in the operating system](#expand-the-volume-in-the-operating-system) to take advantage of the larger disk.
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>
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> You can't expand the size of striped volumes.
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## Expand without downtime
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includes/disks-prem-v2-limitations.md

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- Azure Site Recovery isn't supported for VMs with Premium SSD v2 disks.
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- Azure Backup support for VMs with Premium SSD v2 disks is currently in [public preview](/azure/backup/backup-support-matrix-iaas#vm-storage-support).
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- The size of a Premium SSD v2 can't be expanded without either deallocating the VM or detaching the disk.
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- Premium SSDv2 does NOT support host caching.
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- Premium SSDv2 doesn't support host caching.
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