Whenever database engine or operating system is upgraded, some part of underlying infrastructure fails, or if some critical issue is detected in Sql Server process, Azure Service Fabric will move the stateless SQL Server process to another stateless compute node. There is a set of spare nodes that is waiting to run new compute service in case of failover in order to minimize failover time. Data in Azure Storage layer is not affected, and data/log files are attached to newly initialized SQL Server process. Expected failover time can be measured in seconds. This process guarantees 99.99% availability, but it might have some performance impacts on heavy workload that is running due to transition time and the fact the new SQL Server node starts with cold cache.
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