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articles/cognitive-services/LUIS/luis-concept-feature.md

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ms.date: 11/03/2019
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ms.author: diberry
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---
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# Machine-learned features
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# Machine-learned features
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In machine learning, a _feature_ is a distinguishing trait or attribute of data that your system observes & learns through. In Language Understanding (LUIS), a feature describes and explains what is significant about your intents and entities.
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In the [preview LUIS portal](https://preview.luis.ai), features are _descriptors_ because they are used to _describe_ the intent or entity.
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In the [preview LUIS portal](https://preview.luis.ai), features are _descriptors_ because they are used to _describe_ the intent or entity.
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## Features (_descriptors_) in Language Understanding
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Features, also known as descriptors, describe clues to help Language Understanding identify the example utterances. Features include:
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Features, also known as descriptors, describe clues to help Language Understanding identify the example utterances. Features include:
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* Phrase list as a feature to intents or entities
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* Entities as features to intents or entities
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Features should be considered as a necessary part of your schema for model decomposition.
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Features should be considered as a necessary part of your schema for model decomposition.
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## What is a phrase list
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A phrase list is a list of words, phrases, numbers or other characters that help identify the concept you are trying to identify. The list is case-insensitive.
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A phrase list is a list of words, phrases, numbers or other characters that help identify the concept you are trying to identify. The list is case-insensitive.
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## When to use a phrase list
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With a phrase list, LUIS considers context and generalizes to identify items that are similar to, but not an exact text match. If you need your LUIS app to be able to generalize and identify new items, use a phrase list.
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With a phrase list, LUIS considers context and generalizes to identify items that are similar to, but not an exact text match. If you need your LUIS app to be able to generalize and identify new items, use a phrase list.
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When you want to be able to recognize new instances, like a meeting scheduler that should recognize the names of new contacts, or an inventory app that should recognize new products, start with a machine-learned entity. Then create a phrase list that helps LUIS find words with similar meaning. This phrase list guides LUIS to recognize examples by adding additional significance to the value of those words.
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When you want to be able to recognize new instances, like a meeting scheduler that should recognize the names of new contacts, or an inventory app that should recognize new products, start with a machine-learned entity. Then create a phrase list that helps LUIS find words with similar meaning. This phrase list guides LUIS to recognize examples by adding additional significance to the value of those words.
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Phrase lists are like domain-specific vocabulary that help with enhancing the quality of understanding of both intents and entities.
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Phrase lists are like domain-specific vocabulary that help with enhancing the quality of understanding of both intents and entities.
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## Considerations when using a phrase list
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A phrase list is applied, by default, to all models in the app. This will work for phrase lists that can cross all intents and entities. For decomposability, you should apply a phrase list to only the models it is relevant to.
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A phrase list is applied, by default, to all models in the app. This will work for phrase lists that can cross all intents and entities. For decomposability, you should apply a phrase list to only the models it is relevant to.
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If you create a phrase list (created globally by default), then later apply it as a descriptor (feature) to a specific model, it is removed from the other models. This removal adds relevance to the phrase list for the model it is applied to, helping improve the accuracy it provides in the model.
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If you create a phrase list (created globally by default), then later apply it as a descriptor (feature) to a specific model, it is removed from the other models. This removal adds relevance to the phrase list for the model it is applied to, helping improve the accuracy it provides in the model.
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The `enabledForAllModels` flag controls this model scope in the API.
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The `enabledForAllModels` flag controls this model scope in the API.
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<a name="how-to-use-phrase-lists"></a>
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* language that is from another language but frequently used in your app
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* key words and phrases in your example utterances
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Do **not** add every possible word or phrase. Instead, add a few words or phrases at a time, then retrain and publish. As the list grows over time, you may find some terms have many forms (synonyms). Break these out into another list.
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Do **not** add every possible word or phrase. Instead, add a few words or phrases at a time, then retrain and publish. As the list grows over time, you may find some terms have many forms (synonyms). Break these out into another list.
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<a name="phrase-lists-help-identify-simple-exchangeable-entities"></a>
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## When to use an entity as a feature
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## When to use an entity as a feature
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An entity can be added as a feature at the intent or the entity level.
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An entity can be added as a feature at the intent or the entity level.
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### Entity as a feature to an intent
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Add an entity as a descriptor (feature) to an intent when the detection of that entity is significant for the intent.
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For example, if the intent is for booking a flight and the entity is ticket information (such as the number of seats, origin, and destination), then finding the ticket information entity should add weight to the prediction of the book flight intent.
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For example, if the intent is for booking a flight and the entity is ticket information (such as the number of seats, origin, and destination), then finding the ticket information entity should add weight to the prediction of the book flight intent.
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### Entity as a feature to another entity
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An entity (A) should be added as a feature to another entity (B) when the detection of that entity (A) is significant for the prediction of entity (B).
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For example, if the street address entity (A) is detected, then finding the street address (A) adds weight to the prediction for the shipping address entity (B).
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For example, if the street address entity (A) is detected, then finding the street address (A) adds weight to the prediction for the shipping address entity (B).
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## Best practices
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Learn [best practices](luis-concept-best-practices.md).
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## Next steps
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See [Add Features](luis-how-to-add-features.md) to learn more about how to add features to your LUIS app.
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* [Extend](schema-change-prediction-runtime.md) your app models at prediction runtime
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* See [Add Features](luis-how-to-add-features.md) to learn more about how to add features to your LUIS app.

articles/cognitive-services/LUIS/schema-change-prediction-runtime.md

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---
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title: Change schema at runtime - LUIS
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title: Extend app at runtime - LUIS
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description:
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ms.topic: conceptual
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ms.date: 04/14/2020
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---
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# Extend app schema at prediction runtime
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# Extend app at prediction runtime
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The app's schema (models and features) is trained and published to the prediction endpoint. This published model is used on the prediction runtime. You can pass new information, along with the user's utterance, to the prediction runtime to augment the prediction.
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## Next steps
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* [Prediction score](luis-concept-prediction-score.md)
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* [Authoring API V3 changes](luis-migration-api-v3.md)

articles/cognitive-services/LUIS/toc.yml

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- name: Features
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href: luis-concept-feature.md
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displayName: descriptor, phrase list
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- name: Runtime changes to models
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- name: Extend app at runtime
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href: schema-change-prediction-runtime.md
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- name: Prediction score
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href: luis-concept-prediction-score.md

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