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title: What is conditional access in Azure Active Directory? | Microsoft Docs
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description: Learn how conditional access in Azure Active Directory helps you to implement automated access decisions that are not only based on who tries to access a resource but also how a resource is accessed.
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title: What is Conditional Access in Azure Active Directory? | Microsoft Docs
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description: Learn how Conditional Access in Azure Active Directory helps you to implement automated access decisions that are not only based on who tries to access a resource but also how a resource is accessed.
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services: active-directory
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ms.service: active-directory
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manager: daveba
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ms.reviewer: calebb
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#Customer intent: As an IT admin, I want to understand conditional access well enough so that I can control how users are accessing my resources.
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#Customer intent: As an IT admin, I want to understand Conditional Access well enough so that I can control how users are accessing my resources.
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ms.collection: M365-identity-device-management
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---
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# What is conditional access in Azure Active Directory?
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# What is Conditional Access?
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Security is a top concern for organizations using the cloud. A key aspect of cloud security is identity and access when it comes to managing your cloud resources. In a mobile-first, cloud-first world, users can access your organization's resources using a variety of devices and apps from anywhere. As a result of this, just focusing on who can access a resource is not sufficient anymore. To master the balance between security and productivity, you also need to factor how a resource is accessed into an access control decision. With Azure Active Directory (Azure AD) conditional access, you can address this requirement. Conditional access is a capability of Azure Active Directory. With conditional access, you can implement automated access control decisions for accessing your cloud apps that are based on conditions.
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Security is a top concern for organizations using the cloud. A key aspect of cloud security is identity and access when it comes to managing your cloud resources. In a mobile-first, cloud-first world, users can access your organization's resources using a variety of devices and apps from anywhere. As a result of this, just focusing on who can access a resource is not sufficient anymore. To master the balance between security and productivity, you also need to factor how a resource is accessed into an access control decision. With Azure Active Directory (Azure AD) Conditional Access, you can address this requirement. Conditional Access is a capability of Azure Active Directory. With Conditional Access, you can implement automated access control decisions for accessing your cloud apps that are based on conditions.
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Conditional access policies are enforced after the first-factor authentication has been completed. Therefore, conditional access is not intended as a first line defense for scenarios like denial-of-service (DoS) attacks, but can utilize signals from these events (e.g. the sign-in risk level, location of the request, and so on) to determine access.
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Conditional Access policies are enforced after the first-factor authentication has been completed. Therefore, Conditional Access is not intended as a first line defense for scenarios like denial-of-service (DoS) attacks, but can utilize signals from these events (e.g. the sign-in risk level, location of the request, and so on) to determine access.
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This article provides you with a conceptual overview of conditional access in Azure AD.
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This article provides you with a conceptual overview of Conditional Access in Azure AD.
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## Common scenarios
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- Empower users to be productive wherever and whenever
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- Protect the corporate assets at any time
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By using conditional access policies, you can apply the right access controls under the required conditions. Azure AD conditional access provides you with added security when needed and stays out of your user’s way when it isn’t.
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By using Conditional Access policies, you can apply the right access controls under the required conditions. Azure AD Conditional Access provides you with added security when needed and stays out of your user’s way when it isn’t.
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Following are some common access concerns that conditional access can help you with:
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Following are some common access concerns that Conditional Access can help you with:
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-**[Sign-in risk](conditions.md#sign-in-risk)**: Azure AD Identity Protection detects sign-in risks. How do you restrict access if a detected sign-in risk indicates a bad actor? What if you would like to get stronger evidence that a sign-in was performed by the legitimate user? What if your doubts are strong enough to even block specific users from accessing an app?
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-**[Client application](conditions.md#client-apps)**: Today, you can access many cloud apps using different app types such as web-based apps, mobile apps, or desktop apps. What if an access attempt is performed using a client app type that causes known issues? What if you require a device that is managed by your IT department for certain app types?
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These questions and the related answers represent common access scenarios for Azure AD conditional access.
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Conditional access is a capability of Azure Active Directory that enables you to handle access scenarios using a policy-based approach.
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These questions and the related answers represent common access scenarios for Azure AD Conditional Access.
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Conditional Access is a capability of Azure Active Directory that enables you to handle access scenarios using a policy-based approach.
A conditional access policy is a definition of an access scenario using the following pattern:
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A Conditional Access policy is a definition of an access scenario using the following pattern:
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**Then do this** specifies the response of your policy. It is important to note that the objective of a conditional access policy is not to grant access to a cloud app. In Azure AD, granting access to cloud apps is subject of user assignments. With a conditional access policy, you control how authorized users (users that have been granted access to a cloud app) can access cloud apps under specific conditions. In your response, you enforce additional requirements such as multi-factor authentication, a managed device, and others. In the context of Azure AD conditional access, the requirements your policy enforces are called access controls. In the most restrictive form, your policy can block access. For more information, see [Access controls in Azure Active Directory conditional access](controls.md).
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**When this happens** defines the reason for triggering your policy. This reason is characterized by a group of conditions that have been satisfied. In Azure AD conditional access, the two assignment conditions play a special role:
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**When this happens** defines the reason for triggering your policy. This reason is characterized by a group of conditions that have been satisfied. In Azure AD Conditional Access, the two assignment conditions play a special role:
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-**[Users](conditions.md#users-and-groups)**: The users performing an access attempt (**Who**).
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-**[Cloud apps](conditions.md#cloud-apps-and-actions)**: The targets of an access attempt (**What**).
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These two conditions are mandatory in a conditional access policy. In addition to the two mandatory conditions, you can also include additional conditions that describe how the access attempt is performed. Common examples are using mobile devices or locations that are outside your corporate network. For more information, see [Conditions in Azure Active Directory conditional access](conditions.md).
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These two conditions are mandatory in a Conditional Access policy. In addition to the two mandatory conditions, you can also include additional conditions that describe how the access attempt is performed. Common examples are using mobile devices or locations that are outside your corporate network. For more information, see [Conditions in Azure Active Directory Conditional Access](conditions.md).
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The combination of conditions with your access controls represents a conditional access policy.
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The combination of conditions with your access controls represents a Conditional Access policy.
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With Azure AD conditional access, you can control how authorized users can access your cloud apps. The objective of a conditional access policy is to enforce additional access controls on an access attempt to a cloud app based on how an access attempt is performed.
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With Azure AD Conditional Access, you can control how authorized users can access your cloud apps. The objective of a Conditional Access policy is to enforce additional access controls on an access attempt to a cloud app based on how an access attempt is performed.
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A policy-based approach to protect access to your cloud apps enables you to start drafting the policy requirements for your environment using the structure outlined in this article without worrying about the technical implementation.
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## Azure AD conditional access and federated authentication
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## Azure AD Conditional Access and federated authentication
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Conditional access policies work seamlessly with [federated authentication](../../security/azure-ad-choose-authn.md#federated-authentication). This support includes all supported conditions and controls and visibility into how policy is applied to active user sign-ins using [Azure AD reporting](../reports-monitoring/concept-sign-ins.md).
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Conditional Access policies work seamlessly with [federated authentication](../../security/azure-ad-choose-authn.md#federated-authentication). This support includes all supported conditions and controls and visibility into how policy is applied to active user sign-ins using [Azure AD reporting](../reports-monitoring/concept-sign-ins.md).
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*Federated authentication with Azure AD* means that a trusted authentication service handles user authentication to Azure AD. A trusted authentication service is, for example, Active Directory Federation Services (AD FS), or any other federation service. In this configuration, primary user authentication is performed at the service and then Azure AD is used to sign into individual applications. Azure AD conditional access is applied before access is granted to the application the user is accessing.
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*Federated authentication with Azure AD* means that a trusted authentication service handles user authentication to Azure AD. A trusted authentication service is, for example, Active Directory Federation Services (AD FS), or any other federation service. In this configuration, primary user authentication is performed at the service and then Azure AD is used to sign into individual applications. Azure AD Conditional Access is applied before access is granted to the application the user is accessing.
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When the configured conditional access policy requires multi-factor authentication, Azure AD defaults to using Azure MFA. If you use the federation service for MFA, you can configure Azure AD to redirect to the federation service when MFA is needed by setting `-SupportsMFA` to `$true` in [PowerShell](https://docs.microsoft.com/powershell/module/msonline/set-msoldomainfederationsettings). This setting works for federated authentication services that support the MFA challenge request issued by Azure AD using `wauth= http://schemas.microsoft.com/claims/multipleauthn`.
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## Next steps
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To learn how to implement conditional access in your environment, see [Plan your conditional access deployment in Azure Active Directory](plan-conditional-access.md).
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To learn how to implement Conditional Access in your environment, see [Plan your Conditional Access deployment in Azure Active Directory](plan-conditional-access.md).
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