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articles/virtual-machine-scale-sets/virtual-machine-scale-sets-automatic-upgrade.md

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## How does automatic OS image upgrade work?
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An upgrade works by replacing the OS disk of a VM with a new disk created using the latest image version. Any configured extensions and custom data scripts are run on the OS disk, while data disks are retained. To minimize the application downtime, upgrades take place in batches, with no more than 20% of the scale set upgrading at any time.
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An upgrade works by replacing the OS disk of a VM with a new disk created using the image version. Any configured extensions and custom data scripts are run on the OS disk, while data disks are retained. To minimize the application downtime, upgrades take place in batches, with no more than 20% of the scale set upgrading at any time.
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You can integrate an Azure Load Balancer application health probe or [Application Health extension](virtual-machine-scale-sets-health-extension.md) to track the health of the application after an upgrade. We recommended incorporating an application heartbeat to validate upgrade success.
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1. Before you begin the upgrade process, the orchestrator will ensure that no more than 20% of instances in the entire scale set are unhealthy (for any reason).
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2. The upgrade orchestrator identifies the batch of VM instances to upgrade, with any one batch having a maximum of 20% of the total instance count, subject to a minimum batch size of one virtual machine. There is no minimum scale set size requirement and scale sets with 5 or fewer instances will have 1 VM per upgrade batch (minimum batch size).
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3. The OS disk of every VM in the selected upgrade batch is replaced with a new OS disk created from the latest image. All specified extensions and configurations in the scale set model are applied to the upgraded instance.
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3. The OS disk of every VM in the selected upgrade batch is replaced with a new OS disk created from the image. All specified extensions and configurations in the scale set model are applied to the upgraded instance.
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4. For scale sets with configured application health probes or Application Health extension, the upgrade waits up to 5 minutes for the instance to become healthy, before moving on to upgrade the next batch. If an instance does not recover its health in 5 minutes after an upgrade, then by default the previous OS disk for the instance is restored.
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5. The upgrade orchestrator also tracks the percentage of instances that become unhealthy post an upgrade. The upgrade will stop if more than 20% of upgraded instances become unhealthy during the upgrade process.
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6. The above process continues until all instances in the scale set have been upgraded.
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## Requirements for configuring automatic OS image upgrade
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- The *version* property of the image must be set to *latest*.
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- The *version* property of the image must be set to **.
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- Must use application health probes or [Application Health extension](virtual-machine-scale-sets-health-extension.md) for non-Service Fabric scale sets. For Service Fabric requirements, see [Service Fabric requirement](#service-fabric-requirements).
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- Use Compute API version 2018-10-01 or higher.
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- Ensure that external resources specified in the scale set model are available and updated. Examples include SAS URI for bootstrapping payload in VM extension properties, payload in storage account, reference to secrets in the model, and more.
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### Additional requirements for custom images
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- The setup and configuration process for automatic OS image upgrade is the same for all scale sets as detailed in the [configuration section](virtual-machine-scale-sets-automatic-upgrade.md#configure-automatic-os-image-upgrade) of this page.
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- Scale sets instances configured for automatic OS image upgrades will be upgraded to the latest version of the Azure Compute Gallery image when a new version of the image is published and [replicated](../virtual-machines/azure-compute-gallery.md#replication) to the region of that scale set. If the new image is not replicated to the region where the scale is deployed, the scale set instances will not be upgraded to the latest version. Regional image replication allows you to control the rollout of the new image for your scale sets.
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- The new image version should not be excluded from the latest version for that gallery image. Image versions excluded from the gallery image's latest version are not rolled out to the scale set through automatic OS image upgrade.
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- Scale sets instances configured for automatic OS image upgrades will be upgraded to the version of the Azure Compute Gallery image when a new version of the image is published and [replicated](../virtual-machines/azure-compute-gallery.md#replication) to the region of that scale set. If the new image is not replicated to the region where the scale is deployed, the scale set instances will not be upgraded to the version. Regional image replication allows you to control the rollout of the new image for your scale sets.
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- The new image version should not be excluded from the version for that gallery image. Image versions excluded from the gallery image's version are not rolled out to the scale set through automatic OS image upgrade.
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> [!NOTE]
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> It can take up to 3 hours for a scale set to trigger the first image upgrade rollout after the scale set is first configured for automatic OS upgrades due to certain factors such as Maintenance Windows or other restrictions. Customers on the latest image may not get an upgrade until a new image is available.
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```
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### Azure CLI 2.0
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Use [az vmss create](/cli/azure/vmss?view=azure-cli-latest#az-vmss-create) to configure automatic OS image upgrades for your scale set during provisioning. Use Azure CLI 2.0.47 or above. The following example configures automatic upgrades for the scale set named *myScaleSet* in the resource group named *myResourceGroup*:
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Use [az vmss create](/cli/azure/vmss#az-vmss-create) to configure automatic OS image upgrades for your scale set during provisioning. Use Azure CLI 2.0.47 or above. The following example configures automatic upgrades for the scale set named *myScaleSet* in the resource group named *myResourceGroup*:
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```azurecli-interactive
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az vmss create --name myScaleSet --resource-group myResourceGroup --set UpgradePolicy.AutomaticOSUpgradePolicy.EnableAutomaticOSUpgrade=true

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