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‎articles/virtual-machines/linux/tutorial-manage-vm.md

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ms.service: virtual-machines
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ms.collection: linux
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ms.topic: tutorial
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ms.date: 03/23/2018
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ms.date: 03/23/2023
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ms.author: cynthn
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ms.custom: mvc, devx-track-azurecli
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@@ -25,18 +25,19 @@ Azure virtual machines provide a fully configurable and flexible computing envir
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> * Resize a VM
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> * View and understand VM state
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This tutorial uses the CLI within the [Azure Cloud Shell](../../cloud-shell/overview.md), which is constantly updated to the latest version. To open the Cloud Shell, select **Try it** from the top of any code block.
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This tutorial uses the CLI within the [Azure Cloud Shell](../../cloud-shell/overview.md), which is constantly updated to the latest version.
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If you choose to install and use the CLI locally, this tutorial requires that you are running the Azure CLI version 2.0.30 or later. Run `az --version` to find the version. If you need to install or upgrade, see [Install Azure CLI]( /cli/azure/install-azure-cli).
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## Create resource group
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Create a resource group with the [az group create](/cli/azure/group) command.
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An Azure resource group is a logical container into which Azure resources are deployed and managed. A resource group must be created before a virtual machine. In this example, a resource group named *myResourceGroupVM* is created in the *eastus* region.
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An Azure resource group is a logical container into which Azure resources are deployed and managed. A resource group must be created before a virtual machine. In this example, a resource group named *myResourceGroupVM* is created in the *eastus2* region.
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```azurecli-interactive
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az group create --name myResourceGroupVM --location eastus
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az group create --name myResourceGroupVM --location eastus2
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```
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The resource group is specified when creating or modifying a VM, which can be seen throughout this tutorial.
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Create a virtual machine with the [az vm create](/cli/azure/vm) command.
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When you create a virtual machine, several options are available such as operating system image, disk sizing, and administrative credentials. The following example creates a VM named *myVM* that runs Ubuntu Server. A user account named *azureuser* is created on the VM, and SSH keys are generated if they do not exist in the default key location (*~/.ssh*):
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When you create a virtual machine, several options are available such as operating system image, disk sizing, and administrative credentials. The following example creates a VM named *myVM* that runs SUSE Linux Enterprise Server (SLES). A user account named *azureuser* is created on the VM, and SSH keys are generated if they do not exist in the default key location (*~/.ssh*):
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```azurecli-interactive
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az vm create \
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--resource-group myResourceGroupVM \
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--name myVM \
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--image UbuntuLTS \
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--image SLES \
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--public-ip-sku Standard \
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--admin-username azureuser \
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--generate-ssh-keys
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```
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It may take a few minutes to create the VM. Once the VM has been created, the Azure CLI outputs information about the VM. Take note of the `publicIpAddress`, this address can be used to access the virtual machine..
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It may take a few minutes to create the VM. Once the VM has been created, the Azure CLI outputs information about the VM. Take note of the `publicIpAddress`, this address can be used to access the virtual machine.
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```output
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{
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"fqdns": "",
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"id": "/subscriptions/d5b9d4b7-6fc1-0000-0000-000000000000/resourceGroups/myResourceGroupVM/providers/Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines/myVM",
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"location": "eastus",
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"location": "eastus2",
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"macAddress": "00-0D-3A-23-9A-49",
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"powerState": "VM running",
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"privateIpAddress": "10.0.0.4",
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x64 WindowsServer MicrosoftWindowsServer 2008-R2-SP1 MicrosoftWindowsServer:WindowsServer:2008-R2-SP1:latest Win2008R2SP1 latest
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```
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A full list can be seen by adding the `--all` parameter. The image list can also be filtered by `--publisher` or `–-offer`. In this example, the list is filtered for all images with an offer that matches *CentOS*.
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A full list can be seen by adding the `--all` parameter. The image list can also be filtered by `--publisher` or `–-offer`. In this example, the list is filtered for all images, published by OpenLogic, with an offer that matches *CentOS*.
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```azurecli-interactive
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az vm image list --offer CentOS --all --output table
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az vm image list --offer CentOS --publisher OpenLogic --all --output table
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```
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Partial output:
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Example partial output:
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```output
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Offer Publisher Sku Urn Version
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---------------- ---------------- ---- -------------------------------------- -----------
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CentOS OpenLogic 6.5 OpenLogic:CentOS:6.5:6.5.201501 6.5.201501
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CentOS OpenLogic 6.5 OpenLogic:CentOS:6.5:6.5.201503 6.5.201503
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CentOS OpenLogic 6.5 OpenLogic:CentOS:6.5:6.5.201506 6.5.201506
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CentOS OpenLogic 6.5 OpenLogic:CentOS:6.5:6.5.20150904 6.5.20150904
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CentOS OpenLogic 6.5 OpenLogic:CentOS:6.5:6.5.20160309 6.5.20160309
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CentOS OpenLogic 6.5 OpenLogic:CentOS:6.5:6.5.20170207 6.5.20170207
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Architecture Offer Publisher Sku Urn Version
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-------------- ------------------------- ----------- --------------- -------------------------------------------------------- ---------------
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x64 CentOS OpenLogic 8_2 OpenLogic:CentOS:8_2:8.2.2020111800 8.2.2020111800
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x64 CentOS OpenLogic 8_2-gen2 OpenLogic:CentOS:8_2-gen2:8.2.2020062401 8.2.2020062401
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x64 CentOS OpenLogic 8_2-gen2 OpenLogic:CentOS:8_2-gen2:8.2.2020100601 8.2.2020100601
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x64 CentOS OpenLogic 8_2-gen2 OpenLogic:CentOS:8_2-gen2:8.2.2020111801 8.2.2020111801
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x64 CentOS OpenLogic 8_3 OpenLogic:CentOS:8_3:8.3.2020120900 8.3.2020120900
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x64 CentOS OpenLogic 8_3 OpenLogic:CentOS:8_3:8.3.2021020400 8.3.2021020400
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x64 CentOS OpenLogic 8_3-gen2 OpenLogic:CentOS:8_3-gen2:8.3.2020120901 8.3.2020120901
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x64 CentOS OpenLogic 8_3-gen2 OpenLogic:CentOS:8_3-gen2:8.3.2021020401 8.3.2021020401
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x64 CentOS OpenLogic 8_4 OpenLogic:CentOS:8_4:8.4.2021071900 8.4.2021071900
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x64 CentOS OpenLogic 8_4-gen2 OpenLogic:CentOS:8_4-gen2:8.4.2021071901 8.4.2021071901
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x64 CentOS OpenLogic 8_5 OpenLogic:CentOS:8_5:8.5.2022012100 8.5.2022012100
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x64 CentOS OpenLogic 8_5 OpenLogic:CentOS:8_5:8.5.2022101800 8.5.2022101800
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x64 CentOS OpenLogic 8_5-gen2 OpenLogic:CentOS:8_5-gen2:8.5.2022012101 8.5.2022012101
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```
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> [!NOTE]
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> Canonical has changed the **Offer** names they use for the most recent versions. Before Ubuntu 20.04, the **Offer** name is UbuntuServer. For Ubuntu 20.04 the **Offer** name is `0001-com-ubuntu-server-focal` and for Ubuntu 22.04 it's `0001-com-ubuntu-server-jammy`.
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To deploy a VM using a specific image, take note of the value in the *Urn* column, which consists of the publisher, offer, SKU, and optionally a version number to [identify](cli-ps-findimage.md#terminology) the image. When specifying the image, the image version number can be replaced with `latest`, which selects the latest version of the distribution. In this example, the `--image` parameter is used to specify the latest version of a CentOS 6.5 image.
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To deploy a VM using a specific image, take note of the value in the *Urn* column, which consists of the publisher, offer, SKU, and optionally a version number to [identify](cli-ps-findimage.md#terminology) the image. When specifying the image, the image version number can be replaced with `latest`, which selects the latest version of the distribution. In this example, the `--image` parameter is used to specify the latest version of a CentOS 8.5.
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```azurecli-interactive
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az vm create --resource-group myResourceGroupVM --name myVM2 --image OpenLogic:CentOS:6.5:latest --generate-ssh-keys
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az vm create --resource-group myResourceGroupVM --name myVM2 --image OpenLogic:CentOS:8_5:latest --generate-ssh-keys
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```
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## Understand VM sizes
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The following table categorizes sizes into use cases.
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| Type | Common sizes | Description |
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|--------------------------|-------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
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| [General purpose](../sizes-general.md) |B, Dsv3, Dv3, DSv2, Dv2, Av2, DC| Balanced CPU-to-memory. Ideal for dev / test and small to medium applications and data solutions. |
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| [Compute optimized](../sizes-compute.md) | Fsv2 | High CPU-to-memory. Good for medium traffic applications, network appliances, and batch processes. |
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| [Memory optimized](../sizes-memory.md) | Esv3, Ev3, M, DSv2, Dv2 | High memory-to-core. Great for relational databases, medium to large caches, and in-memory analytics. |
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| [Storage optimized](../sizes-storage.md) | Lsv2, Ls | High disk throughput and IO. Ideal for Big Data, SQL, and NoSQL databases. |
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| [GPU](../sizes-gpu.md) | NV, NVv2, NC, NCv2, NCv3, ND | Specialized VMs targeted for heavy graphic rendering and video editing. |
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| [High performance](../sizes-hpc.md) | H | Our most powerful CPU VMs with optional high-throughput network interfaces (RDMA). |
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| Type | Description |
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|--------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
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| [General purpose](../sizes-general.md) | Balanced CPU-to-memory. Ideal for dev / test and small to medium applications and data solutions. |
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| [Compute optimized](../sizes-compute.md) | High CPU-to-memory. Good for medium traffic applications, network appliances, and batch processes. |
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| [Memory optimized](../sizes-memory.md) | High memory-to-core. Great for relational databases, medium to large caches, and in-memory analytics. |
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| [Storage optimized](../sizes-storage.md) | High disk throughput and IO. Ideal for Big Data, SQL, and NoSQL databases. |
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| [GPU](../sizes-gpu.md) | Specialized VMs targeted for heavy graphic rendering and video editing. |
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| [High performance](../sizes-hpc.md) | Our most powerful CPU VMs with optional high-throughput network interfaces (RDMA). |
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### Find available VM sizes
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To see a list of VM sizes available in a particular region, use the [az vm list-sizes](/cli/azure/vm) command.
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```azurecli-interactive
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```
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Partial output:
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Example partial output:
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```output
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MaxDataDiskCount MemoryInMb Name NumberOfCores OsDiskSizeInMb ResourceDiskSizeInMb
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------------------ ------------ ---------------------- --------------- ---------------- ----------------------
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2 3584 Standard_DS1 1 1047552 7168
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4 7168 Standard_DS2 2 1047552 14336
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8 14336 Standard_DS3 4 1047552 28672
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16 28672 Standard_DS4 8 1047552 57344
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4 14336 Standard_DS11 2 1047552 28672
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8 28672 Standard_DS12 4 1047552 57344
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16 57344 Standard_DS13 8 1047552 114688
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32 114688 Standard_DS14 16 1047552 229376
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1 768 Standard_A0 1 1047552 20480
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2 1792 Standard_A1 1 1047552 71680
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4 3584 Standard_A2 2 1047552 138240
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8 7168 Standard_A3 4 1047552 291840
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4 14336 Standard_A5 2 1047552 138240
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16 14336 Standard_A4 8 1047552 619520
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8 28672 Standard_A6 4 1047552 291840
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16 57344 Standard_A7 8 1047552 619520
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4 8192 Standard_D2ds_v4 2 1047552 76800
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8 16384 Standard_D4ds_v4 4 1047552 153600
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16 32768 Standard_D8ds_v4 8 1047552 307200
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32 65536 Standard_D16ds_v4 16 1047552 614400
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32 131072 Standard_D32ds_v4 32 1047552 1228800
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32 196608 Standard_D48ds_v4 48 1047552 1843200
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32 262144 Standard_D64ds_v4 64 1047552 2457600
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4 8192 Standard_D2ds_v5 2 1047552 76800
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8 16384 Standard_D4ds_v5 4 1047552 153600
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16 32768 Standard_D8ds_v5 8 1047552 307200
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32 65536 Standard_D16ds_v5 16 1047552 614400
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32 131072 Standard_D32ds_v5 32 1047552 1228800
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32 196608 Standard_D48ds_v5 48 1047552 1843200
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32 262144 Standard_D64ds_v5 64 1047552 2457600
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32 393216 Standard_D96ds_v5 96 1047552 3686400
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### Create VM with specific size
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--size Standard_D2ds_v4 \
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If the desired size is not on the current cluster, the VM needs to be deallocated before the resize operation can occur. Use the [az vm deallocate]( /cli/azure/vm) command to stop and deallocate the VM. Note, when the VM is powered back on, any data on the temp disk may be removed. The public IP address also changes unless a static IP address is being used.
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```output
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ode DisplayStatus Level
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PowerState/running VM running Info
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Code Level DisplayStatus
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------------------ ------- ---------------
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PowerState/running Info VM running
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To retrieve the power state of all the VMs in your subscription, use the [Virtual Machines - List All API](/rest/api/compute/virtualmachines/listall) with parameter **statusOnly** set to *true*.
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### Deleting VM resources
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You can delete a VM, but by default this only deletes the VM resource, not the disks and networking resources the VM uses. You can change the default behavior to delete other resources when you delete the VM. For more information, see [Delete a VM and attached resources](../delete.md).
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Depending on how you delete a VM, it may only delete the VM resource, not the networking and disk resources. You can change the default behavior to delete other resources when you delete the VM. For more information, see [Delete a VM and attached resources](../delete.md).
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Deleting a resource group also deletes all resources contained within, such as the VM, virtual network, and disk. The `--no-wait` parameter returns control to the prompt without waiting for the operation to complete. The `--yes` parameter confirms that you wish to delete the resources without an additional prompt to do so.
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Deleting a resource group also deletes all resources in the resource group, like the VM, virtual network, and disk. The `--no-wait` parameter returns control to the prompt without waiting for the operation to complete. The `--yes` parameter confirms that you wish to delete the resources without an additional prompt to do so.
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> [!div class="nextstepaction"]
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> [Create and Manage VM disks](./tutorial-manage-disks.md)
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