-Device connection state events are available for devices connecting using either the MQTT or AMQP protocol, or using either of these protocols over WebSockets. Requests made only with HTTPS won't trigger device connection state notifications. For IoT Hub to start sending device connection state events, after opening a connection a device must call either the *cloud-to-device receive message* operation or the *device-to-cloud send telemetry* operation. Outside of the Azure IoT SDKs, in MQTT these operations equate to SUBSCRIBE or PUBLISH operations on the appropriate messaging [topics](iot-hub-mqtt-support.md). Over AMQP these equate to attaching or transferring a message on the [appropriate link paths](iot-hub-amqp-support.md).
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