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Copy file name to clipboardExpand all lines: articles/automation/automation-edit-textual-runbook.md
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@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ The textual editor in Azure Automation can be used to edit [PowerShell runbooks]
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The textual editor includes a feature to insert code for cmdlets, assets, and child runbooks into a runbook. Instead of typing in the code yourself, you can select from a list of available resources and the editor inserts the appropriate code into the runbook.
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Each runbook in Azure Automation has two versions, Draft and Published. You edit the Draft version of the runbook and then publish it so it can be executed. The Published version cannot be edited. For more information, see [Publishing a runbook](manage-runbooks.md#publishing-a-runbook).
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Each runbook in Azure Automation has two versions, Draft and Published. You edit the Draft version of the runbook and then publish it so it can be executed. The Published version cannot be edited. For more information, see [Publish a runbook](manage-runbooks.md#publish-a-runbook).
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This article provides detailed steps for performing different functions with this editor. These are not applicable to [graphical runbooks](automation-runbook-types.md#graphical-runbooks). To work with these runbooks, see [Graphical authoring in Azure Automation](automation-graphical-authoring-intro.md).
### Change the contents of a runbook using Windows PowerShell
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The following sample commands show how to replace the existing contents of a runbook with the contents of a script file. This is the same sample procedure as in [To import a runbook from a script file with Windows PowerShell](manage-runbooks.md#importing-a-runbook).
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The following sample commands show how to replace the existing contents of a runbook with the contents of a script file.
When a runbook has been signed, you must import it into your Automation account and publish it with the signature block. To learn how to import runbooks, see [Importing a runbook from a file into Azure Automation](manage-runbooks.md#importing-a-runbook).
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When a runbook has been signed, you must import it into your Automation account and publish it with the signature block. To learn how to import runbooks, see [Import a runbook](manage-runbooks.md#import-a-runbook).
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## Work with signed runbooks on a Linux Hybrid Runbook Worker
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## Security
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Azure Automation uses the [Azure Security Center (ASC)](https://docs.microsoft.com/azure/security-center/security-center-introAzure) to provide security for your resources and detect compromise in Linux systems. Security is provided across your workloads, whether resources are in Azure or not. See
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[Introduction to authentication in Azure Automation](https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/automation/automation-security-overview).
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[Introduction to authentication in Azure Automation](https://docs.microsoft.com/azure/automation/automation-security-overview).
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ASC places constraints on users who can run any scripts, either signed or unsigned, on a VM. If you are a user with root access to a VM, you must explicitly configure the machine with a digital signature or turn it off. Otherwise, you can only run a script to apply operating system updates after creating an Automation account and enabling the appropriate feature.
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## Subscriptions
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An Azure [subscription](https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/office365/enterprise/subscriptions-licenses-accounts-and-tenants-for-microsoft-cloud-offerings) is an agreement with Microsoft to use one or more cloud-based services, for which you are charged. For Azure Automation, each subscription is linked to an Azure Automation account, and you can [create multiple subscriptions](manage-runbooks.md#work-with-multiple-subscriptions) in the account.
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An Azure [subscription](https://docs.microsoft.com/office365/enterprise/subscriptions-licenses-accounts-and-tenants-for-microsoft-cloud-offerings) is an agreement with Microsoft to use one or more cloud-based services, for which you are charged. For Azure Automation, each subscription is linked to an Azure Automation account, and you can [create multiple subscriptions](manage-runbooks.md#work-with-multiple-subscriptions) in the account.
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## Azure Monitor
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Azure Automation makes use of the [Azure Monitor](https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/azure-monitor/overview) for monitoring its machine operations. The operations require a Log Analytics workspace and [Log Analytics agents](https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/azure-monitor/platform/log-analytics-agent).
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Azure Automation makes use of the [Azure Monitor](https://docs.microsoft.com/azure/azure-monitor/overview) for monitoring its machine operations. The operations require a Log Analytics workspace and [Log Analytics agents](https://docs.microsoft.com/azure/azure-monitor/platform/log-analytics-agent).
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### Log Analytics agent for Windows
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The [Log Analytics agent for Windows](https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/azure-monitor/platform/agent-windowsmonitor) works with Azure Monitor to manage Windows VMs and physical computers. The machines can be running either in Azure or in a non-Azure environment, such as a local datacenter. You must configure the agent to report to one or more Log Analytics workspaces.
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The [Log Analytics agent for Windows](https://docs.microsoft.com/azure/azure-monitor/platform/agent-windowsmonitor) works with Azure Monitor to manage Windows VMs and physical computers. The machines can be running either in Azure or in a non-Azure environment, such as a local datacenter. You must configure the agent to report to one or more Log Analytics workspaces.
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>[!NOTE]
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>The Log Analytics agent for Windows was previously known as the Microsoft Monitoring Agent (MMA).
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### Log Analytics agent for Linux
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The [Log Analytics agent for Linux](https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/azure-monitor/platform/agent-linux) works similarly to the agent for Windows, but connects Linux computers to Azure Monitor. The agent is installed with an **nxautomation** user account that allows execution of commands requiring root permissions, for example, on a Hybrid Runbook Worker. The **nxautomation** account is a system account that doesn't require a password.
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The [Log Analytics agent for Linux](https://docs.microsoft.com/azure/azure-monitor/platform/agent-linux) works similarly to the agent for Windows, but connects Linux computers to Azure Monitor. The agent is installed with an **nxautomation** user account that allows execution of commands requiring root permissions, for example, on a Hybrid Runbook Worker. The **nxautomation** account is a system account that doesn't require a password.
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The **nxautomation** account with the corresponding sudo permissions must be present during [installation of a Linux Hybrid Runbook worker](automation-linux-hrw-install.md). If you try to install the worker and the account is not present or doesn’t have the appropriate permissions, the installation fails.
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You can also use a [Hybrid Runbook Worker](automation-hybrid-runbook-worker.md) to run runbooks directly on the computer that hosts the role and against local resources in the environment. Azure Automation stores and manages runbooks and then delivers them to one or more assigned computers.
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>[!NOTE]
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>To run on a Linux Hybrid Runbook Worker, your scripts must be signed and the worker configured accordingly. Alternatively, [signature validation must be turned off](https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/automation/automation-linux-hrw-install#turn-off-signature-validation).
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>To run on a Linux Hybrid Runbook Worker, your scripts must be signed and the worker configured accordingly. Alternatively, [signature validation must be turned off](https://docs.microsoft.com/azure/automation/automation-linux-hrw-install#turn-off-signature-validation).
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The following table lists some runbook execution tasks with the recommended execution environment listed for each.
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The runbook needs permissions for authentication to Azure, through credentials. You can provide credentials by using:
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- A local user account to access local resources
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-[Managed identities for Azure resources](https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/active-directory/managed-identities-azure-resources/overview), for VMs running on Azure
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-[Managed identities for Azure resources](https://docs.microsoft.com/azure/active-directory/managed-identities-azure-resources/overview), for VMs running on Azure
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- An Automation Run As account to let you access the certificates of your Automation account on your VM and use them locally for authentication
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7. Select **Publish** to save and publish the runbook.
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To verify that the runbook executes successfully you can follow the steps under [Test a runbook](manage-runbooks.md#testing-a-runbook) or [Start a runbook](start-runbooks.md).
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To verify that the runbook executes successfully you can follow the steps under [Test a runbook](manage-runbooks.md#test-a-runbook) or [Start a runbook](start-runbooks.md).
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If you do not initially see your test email, check your **Junk** and **Spam** folders.
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# Update Azure PowerShell modules in Azure Automation
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To update the Azure modules in your Automation account you need to use the [Update Azure modules runbook](https://github.com/Microsoft/AzureAutomation-Account-Modules-Update), which is available as open source. To start using the **Update-AutomationAzureModulesForAccount** runbook to update your Azure modules, download it from the [Update Azure modules runbook repository](https://github.com/Microsoft/AzureAutomation-Account-Modules-Update) on GitHub. You can then import it into your Automation account or run it as a script. To learn how to import a runbook in your Automation account, see [Import a runbook](manage-runbooks.md#importing-a-runbook).
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To update the Azure modules in your Automation account you need to use the [Update Azure modules runbook](https://github.com/Microsoft/AzureAutomation-Account-Modules-Update), which is available as open source. To start using the **Update-AutomationAzureModulesForAccount** runbook to update your Azure modules, download it from the [Update Azure modules runbook repository](https://github.com/Microsoft/AzureAutomation-Account-Modules-Update) on GitHub. You can then import it into your Automation account or run it as a script. To learn how to import a runbook in your Automation account, see [Import a runbook](manage-runbooks.md#import-a-runbook).
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The most common PowerShell modules are provided by default in each Automation account. The Azure team updates the Azure modules regularly. Therefore, to keep the modules in your Automation accounts up to date, you should use the [Update-AutomationAzureModulesForAccount](https://github.com/Microsoft/AzureAutomation-Account-Modules-Update) runbook.
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---
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# Manage runbooks in Azure Automation
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You can add a runbook to Azure Automation by either [creating a new one](#creating-a-runbook) or [importing an existing one](#importing-a-runbook) from a file or the [Runbook Gallery](automation-runbook-gallery.md). This article provides information on creating and importing runbooks from a file. You can get all the details of accessing community runbooks and modules in [Runbook and module galleries for Azure Automation](automation-runbook-gallery.md).
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You can add a runbook to Azure Automation by either [creating a new one](#create-a-runbook) or [importing an existing one](#import-a-runbook) from a file or the [Runbook Gallery](automation-runbook-gallery.md). This article provides information on creating and importing runbooks from a file. You can get all the details of accessing community runbooks and modules in [Runbook and module galleries for Azure Automation](automation-runbook-gallery.md).
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>[!NOTE]
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>This article has been updated to use the new Azure PowerShell Az module. You can still use the AzureRM module, which will continue to receive bug fixes until at least December 2020. To learn more about the new Az module and AzureRM compatibility, see [Introducing the new Azure PowerShell Az module](https://docs.microsoft.com/powershell/azure/new-azureps-module-az?view=azps-3.5.0). For Az module installation instructions on your Hybrid Runbook Worker, see [Install the Azure PowerShell Module](https://docs.microsoft.com/powershell/azure/install-az-ps?view=azps-3.5.0). For your Automation account, you can update your modules to the latest version using [How to update Azure PowerShell modules in Azure Automation](automation-update-azure-modules.md).
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5. If the **Name** field is enabled, you have the option of changing the runbook name. The name must start with a letter and can contain letters, numbers, underscores, and dashes.
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6. The [runbook type](automation-runbook-types.md) is automatically selected, but you can change the type after taking the applicable restrictions into account.
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7. Click **Create**. The new runbook appears in the list of runbooks for the Automation account.
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8. You must [publish the runbook](#publishing-a-runbook) before you can run it.
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8. You must [publish the runbook](#publish-a-runbook) before you can run it.
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> [!NOTE]
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> After you import a graphical runbook or a graphical PowerShell Workflow runbook, you can convert it to another type. However, you can't convert one of these graphical runbooks to a textual runbook.
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You can't normally run custom scripts and runbooks on the host with a Log Analytics agent installed. If you must do this:
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1. Create an Automation account and obtain a Contributor role.
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2.[Link the account to the Azure workspace](https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/security-center/security-center-enable-data-collection.md).
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2.[Link the account to the Azure workspace](https://docs.microsoft.com/azure/security-center/security-center-enable-data-collection.md).
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3. Enable the Hybrid Runbook Worker, Update Management, or another Automation feature.
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4. If on a Linux machine, you need high permissions. Log in to [turn off signature checks](automation-linux-hrw-install.md#turn-off-signature-validation).
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## Test a runbook
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When you test a runbook, the [Draft version](#publishing-a-runbook) is executed and any actions that it performs are completed. No job history is created, but the [Output](automation-runbook-output-and-messages.md#output-stream) and [Warning and Error](automation-runbook-output-and-messages.md#message-streams) streams are displayed in the Test output pane. Messages to the [Verbose stream](automation-runbook-output-and-messages.md#message-streams) are displayed in the Output pane only if the [VerbosePreference](automation-runbook-output-and-messages.md#preference-variables) variable is set to `Continue`.
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When you test a runbook, the [Draft version](#publish-a-runbook) is executed and any actions that it performs are completed. No job history is created, but the [Output](automation-runbook-output-and-messages.md#output-stream) and [Warning and Error](automation-runbook-output-and-messages.md#message-streams) streams are displayed in the Test output pane. Messages to the [Verbose stream](automation-runbook-output-and-messages.md#message-streams) are displayed in the Output pane only if the [VerbosePreference](automation-runbook-output-and-messages.md#preference-variables) variable is set to `Continue`.
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Even though the draft version is being run, the runbook still executes normally and performs any actions against resources in the environment. For this reason, you should only test runbooks on non-production resources.
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## Pre-script and post-script requirements
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For a runbook to be used as a pre-script or post-script, you must import it into your Automation account and [publish the runbook](manage-runbooks.md#publishing-a-runbook).
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For a runbook to be used as a pre-script or post-script, you must import it into your Automation account and [publish the runbook](manage-runbooks.md#publish-a-runbook).
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> [!NOTE]
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> Source control runbooks are special Automation runbooks that you cannot view or edit. While they do not show up on your runbook list, you see sync jobs showing in your jobs list.
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5. The name of the modified runbook is sent as an input parameter for the checked in runbook. You can [view the job details](automation-runbook-execution.md#viewing-job-status-from-the-azure-portal) by expanding runbook on the Repository Synchronization page.
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5. The name of the modified runbook is sent as an input parameter for the checked in runbook. You can [view the job details](automation-runbook-execution.md#job-statuses) by expanding runbook on the Repository Synchronization page.
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6. Refresh your GitHub repository once the job completes to view the changes. There should be a commit in your repository with a commit message: **Updated *Runbook Name* in Azure Automation.**
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