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articles/aks/private-clusters.md

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@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ title: Create a private Azure Kubernetes Service cluster
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description: Learn how to create a private Azure Kubernetes Service (AKS) cluster
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services: container-service
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ms.topic: article
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ms.date: 8/30/2021
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ms.date: 11/30/2021
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---
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The control plane or API server is in an Azure Kubernetes Service (AKS)-managed Azure subscription. A customer's cluster or node pool is in the customer's subscription. The server and the cluster or node pool can communicate with each other through the [Azure Private Link service][private-link-service] in the API server virtual network and a private endpoint that's exposed in the subnet of the customer's AKS cluster.
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When you provision a private AKS cluster, AKS by default creates a private FQDN with a private DNS zone and an additional public FQDN with a corresponding A record in Azure public DNS. The agent nodes still use the A record in the private DNS zone to resolve the private IP address of the private endpoint for communication to the API server.
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![Public DNS](https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/50749048/124776520-82629600-df0d-11eb-8f6b-71c473b6bd01.png)
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## Region availability
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Private cluster is available in public regions, Azure Government, and Azure China 21Vianet regions where [AKS is supported](https://azure.microsoft.com/global-infrastructure/services/?products=kubernetes-service).
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## Prerequisites
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* The Azure CLI version 2.2.0 or later
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* Azure CLI >= 2.28.0 or Azure CLI with aks-preview extension 0.5.29 or later.
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* If using ARM or the rest API, the AKS API version must be 2021-05-01 or later.
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* The Private Link service is supported on Standard Azure Load Balancer only. Basic Azure Load Balancer isn't supported.
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* To use a custom DNS server, add the Azure DNS IP 168.63.129.16 as the upstream DNS server in the custom DNS server.
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### Install the `aks-preview` Azure CLI
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You need the *aks-preview* Azure CLI extension. Install the *aks-preview* Azure CLI extension by using the [az extension add][az-extension-add] command. Or install any available updates by using the [az extension update][az-extension-update] command.
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```azurecli-interactive
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# Install the aks-preview extension
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az extension add --name aks-preview
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# Update the extension to make sure you have the latest version installed
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az extension update --name aks-preview
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```
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## Create a private AKS cluster
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### Create a resource group
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> [!NOTE]
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> If the Docker bridge address CIDR (172.17.0.1/16) clashes with the subnet CIDR, change the Docker bridge address appropriately.
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## Disable Public FQDN
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The following parameters can be leveraged to disable Public FQDN.
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### Disable Public FQDN on a new AKS cluster
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```azurecli-interactive
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az aks create -n <private-cluster-name> -g <private-cluster-resource-group> --load-balancer-sku standard --enable-private-cluster --enable-managed-identity --assign-identity <ResourceId> --private-dns-zone <private-dns-zone-mode> --disable-public-fqdn
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```
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### Disable Public FQDN on an existing cluster
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```azurecli-interactive
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az aks update -n <private-cluster-name> -g <private-cluster-resource-group> --disable-public-fqdn
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```
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## Configure Private DNS Zone
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The following parameters can be leveraged to configure Private DNS Zone.
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az aks create -n <private-cluster-name> -g <private-cluster-resource-group> --load-balancer-sku standard --enable-private-cluster --enable-managed-identity --assign-identity <ResourceId> --private-dns-zone <custom private dns zone ResourceId> --fqdn-subdomain <subdomain>
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```
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### Create a private AKS cluster with a Public FQDN
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Prerequisites:
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* Azure CLI >= 2.28.0 or Azure CLI with aks-preview extension 0.5.29 or later.
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* If using ARM or the rest API, the AKS API version must be 2021-05-01 or later.
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The Public DNS option can be leveraged to simplify routing options for your Private Cluster.
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![Public DNS](https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/50749048/124776520-82629600-df0d-11eb-8f6b-71c473b6bd01.png)
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1. When you provision a private AKS cluster, AKS by default creates an additional public FQDN and corresponding A record in Azure public DNS. The agent nodes still use the A record in the private DNS zone to resolve the private IP address of the private endpoint for communication to the API server.
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2. If you use `--private-dns-zone none`, the cluster will only have a public FQDN. When using this option, no Private DNS Zone is created or used for the name resolution of the FQDN of the API Server. The IP of the API is still private and not publicly routable.
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3. If the public FQDN is not desired, you could use `--disable-public-fqdn` to disable it ("none" private dns zone is not allowed to disable public FQDN).
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```azurecli-interactive
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az aks create -n <private-cluster-name> -g <private-cluster-resource-group> --load-balancer-sku standard --enable-private-cluster --enable-managed-identity --assign-identity <ResourceId> --private-dns-zone <private-dns-zone-mode> --disable-public-fqdn
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az aks update -n <private-cluster-name> -g <private-cluster-resource-group> --disable-public-fqdn
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```
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## Options for connecting to the private cluster
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The API server endpoint has no public IP address. To manage the API server, you'll need to use a VM that has access to the AKS cluster's Azure Virtual Network (VNet). There are several options for establishing network connectivity to the private cluster.

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