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AKS: WS only for 22H2
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AKS-Arc/includes/aks-hci-applies-to-skus/aks-hybrid-applies-to-azure-stack-hci-windows-server-sku.md

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ms.author: sethm
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ms.service: azure-stack
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ms.topic: include
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ms.date: 01/09/2025
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ms.date: 03/28/2025
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ms.reviewer: abha
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ms.lastreviewed: 11/10/2022
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> Applies to: AKS on Azure Local 22H2, AKS on Windows Server
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> Applies to: AKS on Windows Server

AKS-Arc/kubernetes-concepts.md

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description: Learn the basic cluster and workload components of Kubernetes and how they relate to features of AKS enabled by Arc.
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author: sethmanheim
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ms.author: sethm
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ms.lastreviewed: 06/24/2024
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ms.reviewer: daschott
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ms.date: 03/28/2025
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ms.reviewer: abha
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ms.lastreviewed: 03/28/2025
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ms.topic: conceptual
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ms.date: 05/16/2022
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# Intent: As an IT Pro, I want to learn about the basic cluster and workload components of Kubernetes and how they relate to features of AKS enabled by Azure Arc.
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# Keyword: Kubernetes cluster architecture
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[!INCLUDE [applies-to-azure stack-hci-and-windows-server-skus](includes/aks-hci-applies-to-skus/aks-hybrid-applies-to-azure-stack-hci-windows-server-sku.md)]
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Azure Kubernetes Service (AKS) on Azure Local and Windows Server is an enterprise-grade Kubernetes container platform powered by Azure Local. It includes Microsoft-supported core Kubernetes, a purpose-built Windows container host, and a Microsoft-supported Linux container host, with a goal to have a simple deployment and life cycle management experience.
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Azure Kubernetes Service (AKS) on Windows Server is an enterprise-grade Kubernetes container platform. It includes Microsoft-supported core Kubernetes, a purpose-built Windows container host, and a Microsoft-supported Linux container host, with a goal to have a simple deployment and life cycle management experience.
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This article introduces the core Kubernetes infrastructure components, such as the control plane, nodes, and node pools. Workload resources such as pods, deployments, and sets are also introduced, along with how to group resources into namespaces.
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- **Management cluster** (also known as the AKS host) provides the core orchestration mechanism and interface for deploying and managing one or more workload clusters.
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- **Workload clusters** (also known as target clusters) are where containerized applications are deployed.
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:::image type="content" source="media/kubernetes-concepts/hci-architecture.png" alt-text="Illustration showing the technical architecture of Azure Kubernetes Service on Azure Local and Windows Server." lightbox="media/kubernetes-concepts/hci-architecture.png":::
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:::image type="content" source="media/kubernetes-concepts/hci-architecture.png" alt-text="Illustration showing the technical architecture of Azure Kubernetes Service on Windows Server." lightbox="media/kubernetes-concepts/hci-architecture.png":::
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## Manage AKS enabled by Arc
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AKS-Arc/overview.md

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title: Overview of AKS on Windows Server and Azure Local, version 22H2
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description: Learn about AKS enabled by Azure Arc on Windows Server and Azure Local.
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title: Overview of AKS on Windows Server
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description: Learn about AKS enabled by Azure Arc on Windows Server.
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ms.topic: overview
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ms.custom: linux-related-content
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ms.author: sethm
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ms.date: 02/20/2025
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ms.date: 03/28/2025
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# Intent: As an IT Pro, I want to use AKS on Azure Local and Windows Server to deploy on-premises Kubernetes and orchestrate containerized workloads.
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# Intent: As an IT Pro, I want to use AKS on Windows Server to deploy on-premises Kubernetes and orchestrate containerized workloads.
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# Keyword: on-premises Kubernetes
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# Overview of AKS on Windows Server and Azure Local, version 22H2
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# Overview of AKS on Windows Server
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[!INCLUDE [aks-hybrid-applies-to-azure-stack-hci-windows-server-sku](includes/aks-hci-applies-to-skus/aks-hybrid-applies-to-azure-stack-hci-windows-server-sku.md)]
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Azure Kubernetes Service (AKS) on Azure Local and Windows Server is an on-premises Kubernetes implementation of AKS. AKS on Azure Local and Windows Server automates running containerized applications at scale. AKS on Azure Local and Windows Server makes it quicker to get started hosting Linux and Windows containers in your datacenter.
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Azure Kubernetes Service (AKS) on Windows Server is an on-premises Kubernetes implementation of AKS. AKS on Windows Server automates running containerized applications at scale. AKS on Windows Server makes it quicker to get started hosting Linux and Windows containers in your datacenter.
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To get started with on-premises Kubernetes using AKS, [set up AKS on Azure Local and Windows Server](setup.md).
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To get started with on-premises Kubernetes using AKS, [set up AKS enabled by Azure Arc](setup.md).
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Or, you can use AKS to orchestrate your cloud-based containers. See [Azure Kubernetes Service in Azure](/azure/aks/intro-kubernetes). If you're using Azure Stack Hub, see [AKS engine on Azure Stack Hub](/azure-stack/user/azure-stack-kubernetes-aks-engine-overview).
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Or, you can use AKS to orchestrate your cloud-based containers. See [Azure Kubernetes Service in Azure](/azure/aks/intro-kubernetes). If you're using Azure Stack Hub, see [AKS engine on Azure Stack Hub](/azure-stack/user/azure-stack-kubernetes-aks-engine-overview).
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The following sections discuss some of the reasons to use AKS on Azure Local and Windows Server, then answer some common questions about the service and how to get started. For a background on containers, see [Windows and containers](/virtualization/windowscontainers/about/). For information about how Kubernetes works in AKS on Azure Local and Windows Server, see [Kubernetes core concepts](kubernetes-concepts.md). For more information about Kubernetes, see [the Kubernetes.io documentation](https://kubernetes.io).
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The following sections discuss some of the reasons to use AKS on Azure Local and Windows Server, then answer some common questions about the service and how to get started. For a background on containers, see [Windows and containers](/virtualization/windowscontainers/about/). For information about how Kubernetes works in AKS on Windows Server, see [Kubernetes core concepts](kubernetes-concepts.md). For more information about Kubernetes, see [the Kubernetes.io documentation](https://kubernetes.io).
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## Why use AKS on Windows Server and Azure Local for containerized applications?
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## Why use AKS on Windows Server for containerized applications?
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While you can manage a few containers manually using Docker and Windows, apps often make use of five, ten, or even hundreds of containers, which is where the Kubernetes orchestrator comes in.
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Kubernetes is an open-source orchestrator for automating container management at scale. AKS simplifies on-premises Kubernetes deployment by providing wizards you can use to set up Kubernetes and essential Azure Local add-ons, and also to create Kubernetes clusters to host your workloads.
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Kubernetes is an open-source orchestrator for automating container management at scale. AKS simplifies on-premises Kubernetes deployment by providing wizards you can use to set up Kubernetes and add-ons, and also to create Kubernetes clusters to host your workloads.
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Some of the functionality AKS provides on Windows Server and Azure Local includes:
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Some of the functionality AKS provides on Windows Server includes:
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- Deploy containerized apps at scale to Kubernetes clusters running across the Azure Local and Windows Server cluster.
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- Deploy and manage both Linux and Windows-based containerized apps.
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## Simplify setting up on-premises Kubernetes
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AKS simplifies the process of setting up Kubernetes on Azure Local and Windows Server 2019/2022 Datacenter, and includes the following features:
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AKS simplifies the process of setting up Kubernetes on Windows Server 2019/2022 Datacenter, and includes the following features:
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- A Windows Admin Center wizard for setting up AKS and its dependencies.
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- A Windows Admin Center wizard for creating Kubernetes clusters to run your containerized applications.
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Azure Arc also enables you to manage your Kubernetes clusters with other Azure services including:
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- Azure Monitor
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- Azure Policy
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- **On-premises using popular tools such as Kubectl**: There are many open-source tools that allow you to deploy applications to a Kubernetes cluster, manage cluster resources, troubleshoot, and view running applications. All of these tools work with Kubernetes clusters deployed with AKS on Azure Local and Windows Server.
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- **On-premises using popular tools such as Kubectl**: There are many open-source tools that allow you to deploy applications to a Kubernetes cluster, manage cluster resources, troubleshoot, and view running applications. All of these tools work with Kubernetes clusters deployed with AKS on Windows Server.
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## Run Linux and Windows containers
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AKS fully supports both Linux-based and Windows-based containers. When you create a Kubernetes cluster on Windows Server or Azure Local, you can choose whether to create node pools (groups of identical Kubernetes cluster nodes) to run Linux containers, Windows containers, or both.
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AKS fully supports both Linux-based and Windows-based containers. When you create a Kubernetes cluster on Windows Server, you can choose whether to create node pools (groups of identical Kubernetes cluster nodes) to run Linux containers, Windows containers, or both.
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AKS creates the Linux and Windows nodes so that you don't have to directly manage the Linux or Windows operating systems.
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## What you need to get started
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The following sections summarize what you need to run on-premises Kubernetes with AKS on Azure Local and Windows Server. For complete details on what you need before you install AKS on Azure Local and Windows Server, see [system requirements](system-requirements.md).
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The following sections summarize what you need to run on-premises Kubernetes with AKS on Windows Server. For complete details on what you need before you install AKS on Windows Server, see [system requirements](system-requirements.md).
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### On your Windows Admin Center system
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Your machine running the Windows Admin Center gateway must be:
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- Registered with Azure.
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- In the same domain as the Azure Local or Windows Server 2019/2022 Datacenter cluster.
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- In the same domain as the Windows Server 2019/2022 Datacenter cluster.
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### On the Azure Local and Windows Server cluster or Windows Server 2019/2022 Datacenter failover cluster that hosts AKS
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### On the Windows Server cluster or Windows Server 2019/2022 Datacenter failover cluster that hosts AKS
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The Azure Local and Windows Server cluster or Windows Server 2019/2022 Datacenter failover cluster has the following requirements:
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The Windows Server cluster or Windows Server 2019/2022 Datacenter failover cluster has the following requirements:
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- A maximum of eight servers in the cluster.
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- 1 TB of available capacity in the storage pool for AKS.
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- At least 30 GB of available memory for running AKS VMs.
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- All servers in the cluster must use the EN-US region and language selection.
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For general Azure Local system requirements, see [Azure Local system requirements](/azure/azure-local/concepts/system-requirements).
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### Network configuration for Azure Local
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The network connected to VMs on the Azure Local or Windows Server 2019/2022 Datacenter cluster requires a dedicated scope of IPv4 addresses available for AKS and accessible by VMs on the Azure Local or Windows Server 2019/2022 Datacenter cluster. For more information about networking requirements, see [AKS on Azure Local and Windows Server system requirements](system-requirements.md).
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## AKS on Azure Local and Windows Server functionality
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## AKS on Windows Server functionality
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The following sections describe some of the functionality AKS provides:
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Once you connect your cluster to Azure Arc, you can use Azure Monitor for monitoring the health of your Kubernetes cluster and applications. Azure Monitor for containers gives you performance visibility by collecting memory and processor metrics from controllers, nodes, and containers. Metrics and container logs are automatically collected for you and are sent to the metrics database in Azure Monitor, while log data is sent to your Log Analytics workspace. For more information about Azure Monitor, see the [container insights overview](/azure/azure-monitor/containers/container-insights-overview).
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### Software defined networking for your Kubernetes nodes and containerized applications
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With SDN integration on Azure Local, you can now bring your own networks and attach the Kubernetes nodes to these networks. Additionally, you can use the SDN Software Load Balancer to provide load balancer services for their containerized applications. For more information, see [software defined networking with AKS](software-defined-networking.md).
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### Automatically resize your Kubernetes node pools
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To keep up with application demands, you might need to adjust the number and size of nodes that run your workloads. The cluster autoscaler component can watch for pods in your cluster that can't be scheduled because of resource constraints. When issues are detected, the number of nodes in a node pool is increased to meet the application demand. Nodes are also regularly checked for a lack of running pods, with the number of nodes then decreased as needed. This ability to automatically scale up or down the number of nodes in your Kubernetes cluster lets you run an efficient, cost-effective environment.
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### Deploy and manage Windows-based containerized apps
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AKS fully supports running both Linux-based and Windows-based containers. When you create a Kubernetes cluster on Windows Server or Azure Local, you can choose whether to create node pools (groups of identical Kubernetes cluster nodes) to run Linux containers, Windows containers, or both. AKS creates the Linux and Windows nodes so that you don't have to directly manage the Linux or Windows operating systems.
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AKS fully supports running both Linux-based and Windows-based containers. When you create a Kubernetes cluster on Windows Server, you can choose whether to create node pools (groups of identical Kubernetes cluster nodes) to run Linux containers, Windows containers, or both. AKS creates the Linux and Windows nodes so that you don't have to directly manage the Linux or Windows operating systems.
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### Deploy GPU-enabled nodes
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AKS supports deploying GPU-enabled node pools on top of NVIDIA Tesla T4 GPUs using Discrete Device Assignment (DDA) mode, also known as *GPU Passthrough*. In this mode, one or more physical GPUs are dedicated to a single worker node with a GPU enabled VM size which gets full access to the entire GPU hence offering high level application compatibility as well as better performance. For more information about GPU-enabled node pools, see the [GPU documentation](deploy-gpu-node-pool.md).
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AKS supports deploying GPU-enabled node pools on top of NVIDIA Tesla T4 GPUs using Discrete Device Assignment (DDA) mode, also known as *GPU Passthrough*. In this mode, one or more physical GPUs are dedicated to a single worker node with a GPU-enabled VM size, which gets full access to the entire GPU. This mode offers high level application compatibility as well as better performance. For more information about GPU-enabled node pools, see the [GPU documentation](deploy-gpu-node-pool.md).
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## Next steps
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To get started with AKS on Azure Local and Windows Server, see the following articles:
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To get started with AKS on Windows Server, see the following articles:
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- [Review requirements](./system-requirements.md)
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- [Set upAKS on Azure Local and Windows Server using Windows Admin Center](./create-kubernetes-cluster.md)
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- [Set up an Azure Kubernetes Service host on Azure Local and deploy a workload cluster using PowerShell](./kubernetes-walkthrough-powershell.md)
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- [Create a cluster using Windows Admin Center](create-kubernetes-cluster.md)

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