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learn-pr/azure/intro-to-azure-expressroute/1-introduction.yml

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metadata:
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title: Introduction
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description: Introduction.
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ms.date: 04/30/2025
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ms.date: 07/03/2025
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author: Orin-Thomas
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ms.author: orthomas
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ms.custom: team=cloud_advocates

learn-pr/azure/intro-to-azure-expressroute/2-what-is-azure-expressroute.yml

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metadata:
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title: What is Azure ExpressRoute?
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description: Learn what Azure ExpressRoute does and how your organization can use it.
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author: Orin-Thomas
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learn-pr/azure/intro-to-azure-expressroute/3-how-azure-expressroute-works.yml

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metadata:
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title: How Azure ExpressRoute works
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description: Learn how Azure ExpressRoute works and how to implement it in your organization.
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author: Orin-Thomas
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learn-pr/azure/intro-to-azure-expressroute/4-when-to-use-azure-expressroute.yml

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title: When to use Azure ExpressRoute
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description: Learn when you should choose to use Azure ExpressRoute as a solution to meet your organization's needs.
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learn-pr/azure/intro-to-azure-expressroute/5-knowledge-check.yml

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metadata:
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title: Module assessment
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description: Knowledge check.
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- content: ExpressRoute Direct
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isCorrect: false
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explanation: Incorrect. ExpressRoute Direct is a model for how your on-premises location connects to ExpressRoute. ExpressRoute Direct doesn't ensure that traffic doesn't pass across the public internet.
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- content: At which of the following Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model layers does ExpressRoute provide connectivity between hosts on an on-premises network and IaaS VM hosts on an Azure virtual network?
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- content: At which of the following Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model layers does ExpressRoute provide connectivity between hosts on an on-premises network and IaaS virtual machine hosts on an Azure virtual network?
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- content: OSI Layer 1
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isCorrect: false

learn-pr/azure/intro-to-azure-expressroute/6-summary.yml

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title: Summary
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description: Summary.
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learn-pr/azure/intro-to-azure-expressroute/includes/1-introduction.md

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Adatum is a new and expanding company that provides drone video services. You're in charge of networking at Adatum. At the moment, your organization uses a site-to-site VPN connection to connect hosts on the on-premises network to services hosted in Azure. Adatum’s workers use Azure infrastructure as a service (IaaS) virtual machines for video post-processing tasks and Azure File Shares to store high-resolution video data.
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Recently, you found that the quality of the site-to-site VPN connection fluctuates during the day, which directly affects the workflow at Adatum. Sometimes, this means that connectivity to IaaS VMs running video-processing software lags. At other times, transfers of video files from Adatum’s offices to Azure File Shares can slow or even stall. Some file transfers take minutes and others take hours.
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Recently, you found that the quality of the site-to-site VPN connection fluctuates during the day, which directly affects the workflow at Adatum. Sometimes, this means that connectivity to the IaaS virtual machines running video-processing software lags. At other times, transfers of video files from Adatum’s offices to Azure File Shares can slow or even stall. Some file transfers take minutes and others take hours.
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You're responsible for networking, and you want to improve the bandwidth and reliability of the connection between Adatum’s main site and the Azure datacenters where Adatum workloads reside. Because some of the clients you work with hire Adatum to produce sensitive drone imagery related to mineral-exploration claims, you also want to minimize the amount of network traffic between your organization’s on-premises network and Microsoft cloud services that passes across the public internet.
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learn-pr/azure/intro-to-azure-expressroute/includes/2-what-is-azure-expressroute.md

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- Microsoft Office 365
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- Microsoft Dynamics 365
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ExpressRoute provides organizations with Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model Layer 3 connectivity between on-premises hosts and hosts in the Microsoft cloud. For example, a computer on your on-premises network can use an ExpressRoute connection to contact an IaaS VM through its IP address, but it can't send traffic to that IaaS VM’s Media Access Control (MAC) address.
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ExpressRoute provides organizations with Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model Layer 3 connectivity between on-premises hosts and hosts in the Microsoft cloud. For example, a computer on your on-premises network can use an ExpressRoute connection to contact an IaaS virtual machine (VM) through its IP address, but it can't send traffic to that IaaS VM’s Media Access Control (MAC) address.
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ExpressRoute providers provision connections with redundant devices. Service Level Agreements (SLAs) guarantee a high level of availability. Organizations that require availability guarantees that go beyond the provider SLA can configure multiple ExpressRoute connections.
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ExpressRoute uses a private connection between your on-premises network and Microsoft’s clouds. VPN connections travel across the public internet, so it's possible (if unlikely) that traffic can be captured as it passes across the internet. Some jurisdictions require that certain types of data never transit the public internet, so choosing ExpressRoute is a matter of compliance rather than simple technical necessity.
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> [!NOTE]
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> Even if an ExpressRoute connection is used, DNS queries, certificate revocation list checking, and requests to the Azure Content Delivery Network will still be sent across the public internet.
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> Even if an ExpressRoute connection is used, Domain Name System (DNS) queries, certificate revocation list checking, and requests to the Azure Content Delivery Network are still sent across the public internet.

learn-pr/azure/intro-to-azure-expressroute/includes/3-how-azure-expressroute-works.md

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You can use two different peering schemes with ExpressRoute:
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- **Private peering**: Private peering allows you to connect on premises hosts with Azure IaaS and PaaS services configured to work with Azure virtual networks. All resources must be located in Azure virtual networks and allocated IP addresses in a private address space that doesn't overlap with your on-premises address space. You can’t connect to an Azure resource’s public IP address, such as an IaaS VM’s public IP address through private peering.
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- **Private peering**: Private peering allows you to connect on premises hosts with Azure IaaS and PaaS services configured to work with Azure virtual networks. All resources must be located in Azure virtual networks and allocated IP addresses in a private address space that doesn't overlap with your on-premises address space. You can’t connect to an Azure resource’s public IP address, such as an IaaS virtual machine’s public IP address through private peering.
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- **Microsoft peering**: Microsoft peering allows you to connect over ExpressRoute with Azure PaaS services, Microsoft 365 services, and Dynamics 365. If you're using Microsoft peering and you want to have resources in Azure connect to hosts on-premises, you need to reserve an extra IP address block.
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:::image type="content" source="../images/expressroute-circuit-peerings.png" alt-text="Diagram that shows the circuit peerings in Azure ExpressRoute.":::
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## ExpressRoute high availability and failover
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Each ExpressRoute circuit has two connections from the connectivity provider to two separate edge routers at Microsoft. These connections provide ExpressRoute availability for a single location. If you want a higher degree of availability, you can configure ExpressRoute circuits in different peering locations. Adding different locations protects your ExpressRoute connection from regional outages. Another option is to have multiple ExpressRoute circuits configured through different providers, so that should one provider suffer an outage, you can fail over to a second provider.
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Each ExpressRoute circuit has two connections from the connectivity provider to two separate edge routers at Microsoft. These connections provide ExpressRoute availability for a single location. If you want a higher degree of availability, you can configure ExpressRoute circuits in different peering locations. Adding different locations protects your ExpressRoute connection from regional outages. Another option is to have multiple ExpressRoute circuits configured through different providers, so that should one provider suffer an outage you can fail over to a second provider.

learn-pr/azure/intro-to-azure-expressroute/includes/4-when-to-use-azure-expressroute.md

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Azure ExpressRoute meets Adatum’s needs for the following reasons. ExpressRoute:
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- Provides a low-latency connection to resources in the Azure cloud. On-premises clients at Adatum can use IaaS VMs that perform video-processing tasks without concerns around variable latency.
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- Provides a low-latency connection to resources in the Azure cloud. On-premises clients at Adatum can use IaaS virtual machines that perform video-processing tasks without concerns around variable latency.
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- Provides a high-bandwidth connection to resources in the Azure cloud. The high bandwidth that Azure ExpressRoute provides, can assist Adatum with workloads such as transferring video files to Azure File Shares. These transfers might take noticeably longer if Adatum continued to use its existing site-to-site VPN connections.
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- Provides guaranteed availability to resources in the Azure cloud. Microsoft guarantees a minimum of 99.95% availability for ExpressRoute dedicated connections. This guarantee means that if Adatum adopts ExpressRoute, connectivity disruptions that occur when sending traffic over the public internet don't affect day-to-day operations.
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- Provides secure connection to Azure resources. Adatum clients, such as those that use drone imagery when establishing minerals claims, prefer their data be transferred using private connections rather than VPN connections over the internet.

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