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Author: lootle1

learn-pr/philanthropies/apply-responsible-ai-principles/includes/2-consider-the-fairness-principle.md

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-When users define an AI system's fairness, one aspect to consider is how well the system performs for different groups of people. You can look at the performance of the complete system, and it's sometimes useful to examine the performance of one or more components of the system on their own. Research shows that without conscious effort focused on parity, the performance of an AI system can often vary. Parity variations can be based on differences between groups, such as race, ethnicity, language, gender, and age, and intersectional groups.
+When users define an AI system's fairness, one aspect to consider is how well the system performs for different groups of people. You can look at the performance of the complete system, and it's sometimes useful to examine the performance of one or more components of the system on their own. Research shows that without conscious effort focused on parity, the performance of an AI system can often vary. Parity variations can be based on differences between groups, such as race, ethnicity, language, gender, age, and intersectional groups.
 
 :::image type="icon" source="../media/consider-the-fairness-principle.png":::
 
 Each service and feature of the AI system is different, and the system may not perfectly match your context or cover all scenarios required for your use-case. So, you must evaluate error rates for the AI system with real-world data that reflects your use-case, including testing with users from different demographic groups. Through evaluation, you can ensure the AI system is fair and not causing any harm. Three common types of AI-caused harms are:
 
-**Harms of allocation**: When an AI system is used to extend or withhold opportunities, or resources to people, it causes harm through allocation. In addition, it makes different recommendations to some people based on which demographic group they belong to. For example, educational institutions are increasingly using AI systems to screen applications, resumes, and other data. When educational institutions train an AI system using biased historical data, they can inadvertently perpetuate existing discriminatory selection practices. If an institution with predominantly male learners trains its system based on historical data, it may end up favoring male applicants over female applicants, with the consequence of perpetuating gender disparities.
+**Harms of allocation:** When an AI system is used to extend or withhold opportunities, or resources to people, it causes harm through allocation. In addition, it makes different recommendations to some people based on which demographic group they belong to. For example, educational institutions are increasingly using AI systems to screen applications, resumes, and other data. When educational institutions train an AI system using biased historical data, they can inadvertently perpetuate existing discriminatory selection practices. If an institution with predominantly male learners trains its system based on historical data, it may end up favoring male applicants over female applicants, with the consequence of perpetuating gender disparities.
 
-**Harms of quality of service**: When an AI system's effectiveness fluctuates, it causes harm to quality of service. For example, facial recognition systems can misidentify or fail to recognize individuals from certain demographic groups. Such misidentification can happen when the data set used to train the system wasn't diverse, causing it to behave differently based on race or gender. Poor training can result in serious consequences, such as misidentification in law enforcement or security applications.
+**Harms of quality of service:** When an AI system's effectiveness fluctuates, it causes harm to quality of service. For example, facial recognition systems can misidentify or fail to recognize individuals from certain demographic groups. Such misidentification can happen when the data set used to train the system wasn't diverse, causing it to behave differently based on race or gender. Poor training can result in serious consequences, such as misidentification in law enforcement or security applications.
 
 **Harm of representation:** When an AI system's output contains stereotyping or demeaning content against some groups of people, or the outputs fail to depict a group of people sufficiently, it causes harm to representation. Such stereotyping can happen when AI harmfully associates certain genders, races, or ethnicities with certain traits, roles, or behaviors. For example, an automated ad recommendation system provided more criminal background check ad recommendations to people of color. Such reporting can result in higher levels of discrimination against certain groups of people.
 
@@ -16,18 +16,18 @@ AI systems should be fair and equitable to everyone, regardless of background, i
 
 To ensure fairness in the AI system you're implementing, you should:
 
-**Understand the purpose, scope, and intended uses of the AI system**. Ask yourself questions such as: What problem is the system trying to solve? Who benefits from the system? Who might the system harm? How can the system be used in ways that aren't intended or responsible?
+**Understand the purpose, scope, and intended uses of the AI system:** Ask yourself questions such as: What problem is the system trying to solve? Who benefits from the system? Who might the system harm? How can the system be used in ways that aren't intended or responsible?
 
-**Work with a diverse pool of people to implement the system**. Make sure that your implementation team reflects the diversity of your learner community and includes people with different backgrounds, experiences, education, and perspectives. Such an implementation helps you avoid unguarded spots and performance issues that could affect the system's performance and impact.
+**Work with a diverse pool of people to implement the system:** Make sure that your implementation team reflects the diversity of your learner community and includes people with different backgrounds, experiences, education, and perspectives. Such an implementation helps you avoid unguarded spots and performance issues that could affect the system's performance and impact.
 
-**Detect and eliminate bias in datasets by examining the sources, structure, and representativeness of your data**. As data is the foundation of AI systems, it can reflect existing social and systemic inequalities at every stage in creation, from data collection to data modeling to operation. You should ensure that your data is relevant, accurate, complete, and representative of your learner community.
+**Detect and eliminate bias in datasets by examining the sources, structure, and representativeness of your data:** As data is the foundation of AI systems, it can reflect existing social and systemic inequalities at every stage in creation, from data collection to data modeling to operation. You should ensure that your data is relevant, accurate, complete, and representative of your learner community.
 
-**Identify societal bias in machine learning algorithms** by applying tools and techniques that improve the transparency and intelligibility of the AI systems you're implementing. When you use prebuilt models, such as those delivered by Azure OpenAI Service can help avoid biases, you should also be cautious with the results provided by the Al system, and continue to meticulously monitor AI systems for performance issues.
+**Identify societal bias in machine learning algorithms:** Accomplish by applying tools and techniques that improve the transparency and intelligibility of the AI systems you're implementing. When you use prebuilt models, such as those delivered by Azure OpenAI Service, it can help avoid biases. You should also be cautious with the results provided by the Al system, and continue to meticulously monitor AI systems for performance issues.
 
-**Leverage human review and domain expertise**. Train your team to understand the meaning and implications of AI results, especially when AI is used to make consequential decisions about people. Decisions that use AI should be paired with review performed by subject matter experts. You should use AI as a copilot; it's a technology that can help you to do your job better and faster but still requires a degree of supervision.
+**Leverage human review and domain expertise:** Train your team to understand the meaning and implications of AI results, especially when AI is used to make consequential decisions about people. Decisions that use AI should be paired with review performed by subject matter experts. You should use AI as a copilot. It's a technology that can help you to do your job better and faster, but it still requires a degree of supervision.
 
-**Research and employ best practices**. Consider learning from the best practices used by other educational organizations and enterprises to help detect, prevent, and address societal and systemic biases in AI systems.
+**Research and employ best practices:** Consider learning from the best practices used by other educational organizations and enterprises to help detect, prevent, and address societal and systemic biases in AI systems.
 
 :::image type="icon" source="../media/research-and-employ-best-practices.png":::
 
-Understanding the fairness of an AI system is just the beginning. As we transition from the concept of fairness, it's crucial to recognize that fairness goes together with reliability and safety. These aspects aren't isolated; they're interdependent components that form the backbone of trustworthy AI. In Unit 2, we move to the principle of reliability & safety, exploring how this principle ensures that AI systems not only perform equitably but also operate with integrity and resilience in all circumstances.
+Understanding the fairness of an AI system is just the beginning. As we transition from the concept of fairness, it's crucial to recognize that fairness goes together with reliability and safety. These aspects aren't isolated; they're interdependent components that form the backbone of trustworthy AI. In the next unit, we move to the principle of reliability & safety, exploring how this principle ensures that AI systems not only perform equitably, but they also operate with integrity and resilience in all circumstances.

learn-pr/philanthropies/apply-responsible-ai-principles/includes/3-explore-the-reliability-and-safety-principle.md

@@ -20,8 +20,8 @@ As an educator or trainer using AI systems, you can take steps to ensure the rel
 
 **Look for AI systems with robust feedback mechanisms** for your learners to report performance issues so that you can resolve those issues quickly.
 
-When adding AI to educational settings, it's key to choosing systems that can be thoroughly evaluated and handle data properly. Look for AI that's transparent about how it works, uses data, and makes decisions. Having experts involved in creating the AI ensures it makes smart, fair choices. Use AI that's tested for safety in unexpected situations and allows for human oversight when needed. Make sure there's a way for users to quickly report any problems. Following these steps will help you use AI that's safe, trustworthy, will enhance your learning environment.
+When adding AI to educational settings, it's key to choosing systems that can be thoroughly evaluated and handle data properly. Look for AI that's transparent about how it works, uses data, and makes decisions. Having experts involved in creating the AI ensures it makes smart, fair choices. Use AI that's tested for safety in unexpected situations and allows for human oversight when needed. Make sure there's a way for users to quickly report any problems. Following these steps will help you use AI that's safe, trustworthy, and will enhance your learning environment.
 
 :::image type="icon" source="../media/look-for-ai-systems-robust-feedback-mechanisms.png":::
 
-Having grasped the principle of reliability and safety, you are now ready to explore the next principle: privacy and security. These principles are not merely supplementary; they are foundational to the integrity of a robust AI framework. In unit 3, you will examine the mechanisms that safeguard sensitive information and protect against unauthorized access. This transition underscores the importance of a holistic approach to AI ethics, where protecting individual rights and maintaining public trust are paramount. By ensuring that AI systems are not only fair and reliable but also private and secure, we can foster an environment of confidence and dependability in the technology that shapes our future.
+Having grasped the principle of reliability and safety, you are now ready to explore the next principles: privacy and security. These principles are not merely supplementary; they are foundational to the integrity of a robust AI framework. In the next unit, you'll examine the mechanisms that safeguard sensitive information and protect against unauthorized access. This transition underscores the importance of a holistic approach to AI ethics, where protecting individual rights and maintaining public trust are paramount. By ensuring that AI systems are not only fair and reliable but also private and secure, we can foster an environment of confidence and dependability in the technology that shapes our future.