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Fixed and variable-length data types for storing large non-Unicode and Unicode character and binary data. Unicode data uses the Unicode UCS-2 character set.
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> [!IMPORTANT]
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> The **ntext**, **text**, and **image** data types will be removed in a future version of SQL Server. Avoid using these data types in new development work, and plan to modify applications that currently use them. Use [nvarchar(max)](../../t-sql/data-types/nchar-and-nvarchar-transact-sql.md), [varchar(max)](../../t-sql/data-types/char-and-varchar-transact-sql.md), and [varbinary(max)](../../t-sql/data-types/binary-and-varbinary-transact-sql.md) instead.
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> The **ntext**, **text**, and **image** data types will be removed in a future version of SQL Server. Avoid using these data types in new development work, and plan to modify applications that currently use them. Use [**nvarchar(max)**](nchar-and-nvarchar-transact-sql.md), [**varchar(max)**](char-and-varchar-transact-sql.md), and [**varbinary(max)**](binary-and-varbinary-transact-sql.md) instead.
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## Arguments
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#### ntext
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Variable-length Unicode data with a maximum string length of 2^30 - 1 (1,073,741,823) bytes. Storage size, in bytes, is two times the string length that is entered. The ISO synonym for **ntext** is **national text**.
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Variable-length Unicode data with a maximum string length of 2^30 - 1 (1,073,741,823). Storage size, in bytes, is two times the string length that is entered. The ISO synonym for **ntext** is **national text**.
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#### text
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Variable-length non-Unicode data in the code page of the server and with a maximum string length of 2^31-1 (2,147,483,647). When the server code page uses double-byte characters, the storage is still 2,147,483,647 bytes. Depending on the character string, the storage size may be less than 2,147,483,647 bytes.
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Variable-length non-Unicode data in the code page of the server and with a maximum string length of 2^31 - 1 (2,147,483,647). When the server code page uses double-byte characters, the storage is still 2,147,483,647 bytes. Depending on the character string, the storage size might be less than 2,147,483,647 bytes.
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#### image
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@@ -48,26 +48,22 @@ Variable-length binary data from 0 through 2^31-1 (2,147,483,647) bytes.
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The following functions and statements can be used with **ntext**, **text**, or **image** data.
|[Text and Image Functions - TEXTPTR](../functions/text-and-image-functions-textptr-transact-sql.md)|[WRITETEXT](../queries/writetext-transact-sql.md)|
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|[Text and Image Functions - TEXTVALID](../functions/text-and-image-functions-textvalid-transact-sql.md)||
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> [!CAUTION]
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> When dropping columns using the deprecated **ntext** data type, the cleanup of the deleted data occurs as a serialized operation on all rows. The cleanup can require a large amount of time. When dropping an **ntext** column in a table with lots of rows, update the **ntext** column to NULL value first, then drop the column. You can run this option with parallel operations and make it much faster.
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When you drop columns using the deprecated **ntext** data type, the cleanup of the deleted data occurs as a serialized operation on all rows. The cleanup can require a large amount of time. When you drop an **ntext** column in a table with lots of rows, update the **ntext** column to `NULL` value first, then drop the column. You can run this option with parallel operations and make it much faster.
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