Integrate Clang AddressSanitizer in tests #3159

Job	Run time
build-and-test-cpp-aarch64 (openblas)	4m 39s
check-python-style	12s
build-python-wheels (ubuntu-22.04, auto64)	1m 22s
build-python-wheels (windows-2019, auto64)	1s
build-and-test-cpp-x86_64 (ubuntu-22.04, dnnl)	5m 30s
build-python-wheels (macos-13, arm64)	1s
build-python-wheels (macos-13, x86_64)	1m 38s
build-and-test-cpp-x86_64 (ubuntu-22.04, mkl)	5m 50s
build-python-wheels (ubuntu-22.04, aarch64)	1m 36s
build-and-test-cpp-x86_64 (ubuntu-22.04, asan)	4m 58s
build-and-push-docker-images	26m 13s
test-python-wheels	0s
build-and-deploy-docs	0s
publish-python-wheels-on-pypi	0s
	52m 0s

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