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Add documentation for entity refactoring
Co-authored-by: jbtronics <[email protected]>
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‎ENTITY_REFACTORING.md‎

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# Entity Inheritance Hierarchy Decomposition
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## Overview
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This refactoring decomposes the deep entity inheritance hierarchy into a more flexible trait-based architecture. This provides better code reusability, composition, and maintainability.
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## Changes Made
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### New Traits Created
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1. **DBElementTrait** (`src/Entity/Base/DBElementTrait.php`)
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- Provides basic database element functionality with an ID
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- Includes `getID()` method and clone helper
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- Extracted from `AbstractDBElement`
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2. **NamedElementTrait** (`src/Entity/Base/NamedElementTrait.php`)
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- Provides named element functionality (name property and methods)
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- Includes `getName()`, `setName()`, and `__toString()` methods
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- Extracted from `AbstractNamedDBElement`
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3. **AttachmentsTrait** (`src/Entity/Base/AttachmentsTrait.php`)
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- Provides attachments collection functionality
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- Includes methods for adding, removing, and getting attachments
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- Includes clone helper for deep cloning attachments
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- Extracted from `AttachmentContainingDBElement`
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4. **StructuralElementTrait** (`src/Entity/Base/StructuralElementTrait.php`)
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- Provides tree/hierarchy functionality for structural elements
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- Includes parent/child relationships, path calculations, level tracking
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- Includes methods like `isRoot()`, `isChildOf()`, `getFullPath()`, etc.
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- Extracted from `AbstractStructuralDBElement`
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5. **CompanyTrait** (`src/Entity/Base/CompanyTrait.php`)
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- Provides company-specific fields (address, phone, email, website, etc.)
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- Includes getters and setters for all company fields
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- Extracted from `AbstractCompany`
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### New Interfaces Created
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1. **DBElementInterface** (`src/Entity/Contracts/DBElementInterface.php`)
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- Interface for entities with a database ID
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- Defines `getID()` method
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2. **StructuralElementInterface** (`src/Entity/Contracts/StructuralElementInterface.php`)
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- Interface for structural/hierarchical elements
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- Defines methods for tree navigation and hierarchy
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3. **CompanyInterface** (`src/Entity/Contracts/CompanyInterface.php`)
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- Interface for company entities
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- Defines basic company information accessors
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4. **HasParametersInterface** (`src/Entity/Contracts/HasParametersInterface.php`)
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- Interface for entities that have parameters
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- Defines `getParameters()` method
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### Refactored Classes
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1. **AbstractDBElement**
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- Now uses `DBElementTrait`
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- Implements `DBElementInterface`
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- Simplified to just use the trait instead of duplicating code
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2. **AbstractNamedDBElement**
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- Now uses `NamedElementTrait` in addition to existing `TimestampTrait`
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- Cleaner implementation with trait composition
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3. **AttachmentContainingDBElement**
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- Now uses `AttachmentsTrait` and `MasterAttachmentTrait`
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- Simplified constructor and clone methods
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4. **AbstractStructuralDBElement**
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- Now uses `StructuralElementTrait` and `ParametersTrait`
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- Implements `StructuralElementInterface` and `HasParametersInterface`
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- Much cleaner with most functionality extracted to trait
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5. **AbstractCompany**
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- Now uses `CompanyTrait`
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- Implements `CompanyInterface`
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- Significantly simplified from ~260 lines to ~20 lines
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## Benefits
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### 1. **Better Code Reusability**
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- Traits can be reused in different contexts without requiring inheritance
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- Easier to mix and match functionality
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### 2. **Improved Maintainability**
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- Each trait focuses on a single concern (SRP - Single Responsibility Principle)
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- Easier to locate and modify specific functionality
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- Reduced code duplication
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### 3. **More Flexible Architecture**
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- Entities can now compose functionality as needed
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- Not locked into a rigid inheritance hierarchy
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- Easier to add new functionality without modifying base classes
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### 4. **Better Testability**
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- Traits can be tested independently
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- Easier to mock specific functionality
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### 5. **Clearer Contracts**
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- Interfaces make dependencies explicit
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- Better IDE support and type hinting
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## Migration Path
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This refactoring is backward compatible - all existing entities continue to work as before. The changes are internal to the base classes and do not affect the public API.
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### For New Entities
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New entities can now:
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1. Use traits directly without deep inheritance
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2. Mix and match functionality as needed
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3. Implement only the interfaces they need
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Example:
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```php
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class MyCustomEntity extends AbstractDBElement implements NamedElementInterface
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{
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use NamedElementTrait;
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// Custom functionality
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}
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```
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## Technical Details
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### Trait Usage Pattern
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All traits follow this pattern:
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1. Declare properties with appropriate Doctrine/validation annotations
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2. Provide initialization methods (e.g., `initializeAttachments()`)
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3. Provide business logic methods
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4. Provide clone helpers for deep cloning when needed
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### Interface Contracts
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All interfaces define the minimal contract required for that functionality:
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- DBElementInterface: requires `getID()`
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- NamedElementInterface: requires `getName()`
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- StructuralElementInterface: requires hierarchy methods
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- CompanyInterface: requires company info accessors
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- HasParametersInterface: requires `getParameters()`
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## Future Improvements
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Potential future enhancements:
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1. Extract more functionality from remaining abstract classes
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2. Create more granular traits for specific features
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3. Add trait-specific unit tests
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4. Consider creating trait-based mixins for common entity patterns

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