Add SingleExcitation and DoubleExcitation to RuntimeCAPI. (#1980)

**Context:**
Lightning Devices support `SingleExcitation` and `DoubleExcitation`, and
with the corresponding runtime capi functinos we will be able to target it directly in the
runtime, without further decomposing.

**Description of the Change:**
Add SingleExcitation and DoubleExcitation to RuntimeCAPI

**Benefits:**
Reduce need to decompose SingleExcitation and accelerate XAS benchmark
with capture enabled + qjit.

Author: josephleekl

doc/releases/changelog-dev.md

@@ -76,6 +76,9 @@
 
 <h3>Internal changes ⚙️</h3>
 
+* Add `SingleExcitation` and `DoubleExcitation` to native `RUNTIME_OPERATIONS` and `RuntimeCAPI`.
+  [(#1980)](https://github.com/PennyLaneAI/catalyst/pull/1980)
+
 * Updates use of `qml.transforms.dynamic_one_shot.parse_native_mid_circuit_measurements` to improved signature.
   [(#1953)](https://github.com/PennyLaneAI/catalyst/pull/1953)
 
@@ -173,6 +176,7 @@ Yushao Chen,
 Sengthai Heng,
 David Ittah,
 Christina Lee,
+Joseph Lee,
 Andrija Paurevic,
 Roberto Turrado,
 Paul Haochen Wang.

frontend/catalyst/device/qjit_device.py

@@ -71,6 +71,8 @@
     "IsingXY",
     "IsingYY",
     "IsingZZ",
+    "SingleExcitation",
+    "DoubleExcitation",
     "ISWAP",
     "MultiRZ",
     "PauliX",

frontend/test/lit/test_decomposition.py

@@ -169,6 +169,48 @@ def decompose_qubit_unitary(U: jax.core.ShapedArray([2, 2], float)):
 test_decompose_qubitunitary()
 
 
+def test_decompose_singleexcitation():
+    """
+    Test that single excitation is not decomposed.
+    """
+    dev = get_custom_device_without(2)
+
+    @qjit(target="mlir")
+    @qml.qnode(dev)
+    # CHECK-LABEL: public @jit_decompose_singleexcitation
+    def decompose_singleexcitation(theta: float):
+        # CHECK: quantum.custom "SingleExcitation"
+
+        qml.SingleExcitation(theta, wires=[0, 1])
+        return measure(wires=0)
+
+    print(decompose_singleexcitation.mlir)
+
+
+test_decompose_singleexcitation()
+
+
+def test_decompose_doubleexcitation():
+    """
+    Test that Double excitation is not decomposed.
+    """
+    dev = get_custom_device_without(4)
+
+    @qjit(target="mlir")
+    @qml.qnode(dev)
+    # CHECK-LABEL: public @jit_decompose_doubleexcitation
+    def decompose_doubleexcitation(theta: float):
+        # CHECK: quantum.custom "DoubleExcitation"
+
+        qml.DoubleExcitation(theta, wires=[0, 1, 2, 3])
+        return measure(wires=0)
+
+    print(decompose_doubleexcitation.mlir)
+
+
+test_decompose_doubleexcitation()
+
+
 def test_decompose_singleexcitationplus():
     """
     Test decomposition of single excitation plus.

frontend/test/pytest/test_operations.py

@@ -124,6 +124,12 @@ def circuit(x: float, y: float):
         qml.IsingZZ(x, wires=[0, 1])
         qml.IsingZZ(y, wires=[1, 2])
 
+        qml.SingleExcitation(x, wires=[0, 1])
+        qml.SingleExcitation(y, wires=[1, 2])
+
+        qml.DoubleExcitation(x, wires=[0, 1, 2, 3])
+        qml.DoubleExcitation(y, wires=[2, 3, 0, 1])
+
         qml.CRX(x, wires=[0, 1])
         qml.CRY(x, wires=[0, 1])
         qml.CRZ(x, wires=[0, 1])

runtime/include/RuntimeCAPI.h

@@ -70,6 +70,9 @@ void __catalyst__qis__IsingXX(double, QUBIT *, QUBIT *, const Modifiers *);
 void __catalyst__qis__IsingYY(double, QUBIT *, QUBIT *, const Modifiers *);
 void __catalyst__qis__IsingXY(double, QUBIT *, QUBIT *, const Modifiers *);
 void __catalyst__qis__IsingZZ(double, QUBIT *, QUBIT *, const Modifiers *);
+void __catalyst__qis__SingleExcitation(double, QUBIT *, QUBIT *, const Modifiers *);
+void __catalyst__qis__DoubleExcitation(double, QUBIT *, QUBIT *, QUBIT *, QUBIT *,
+                                       const Modifiers *);
 void __catalyst__qis__ControlledPhaseShift(double, QUBIT *, QUBIT *, const Modifiers *);
 void __catalyst__qis__CRX(double, QUBIT *, QUBIT *, const Modifiers *);
 void __catalyst__qis__CRY(double, QUBIT *, QUBIT *, const Modifiers *);

runtime/lib/capi/RuntimeCAPI.cpp

@@ -678,6 +678,25 @@ void __catalyst__qis__IsingZZ(double theta, QUBIT *control, QUBIT *target,
                                           /* modifiers */ MODIFIERS_ARGS(modifiers));
 }
 
+void __catalyst__qis__SingleExcitation(double phi, QUBIT *wire0, QUBIT *wire1,
+                                       const Modifiers *modifiers)
+{
+    getQuantumDevicePtr()->NamedOperation(
+        "SingleExcitation", {phi},
+        {reinterpret_cast<QubitIdType>(wire0), reinterpret_cast<QubitIdType>(wire1)},
+        MODIFIERS_ARGS(modifiers));
+}
+
+void __catalyst__qis__DoubleExcitation(double phi, QUBIT *wire0, QUBIT *wire1, QUBIT *wire2,
+                                       QUBIT *wire3, const Modifiers *modifiers)
+{
+    getQuantumDevicePtr()->NamedOperation(
+        "DoubleExcitation", {phi},
+        {reinterpret_cast<QubitIdType>(wire0), reinterpret_cast<QubitIdType>(wire1),
+         reinterpret_cast<QubitIdType>(wire2), reinterpret_cast<QubitIdType>(wire3)},
+        MODIFIERS_ARGS(modifiers));
+}
+
 void __catalyst__qis__ControlledPhaseShift(double theta, QUBIT *control, QUBIT *target,
                                            const Modifiers *modifiers)
 {