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Useful Unix Commands
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====================
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# Useful Unix Commands
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SSH
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---
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## SSH
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[SSH (Secure Shell)](https://www.mankier.com/1/ssh) is used to securely connect from a local to a remote system (ex. from a laptop to a coprocessor). Unlike other commands on this page, ssh is not Unix specific and can be done on Windows and MacOS from their respective terminals.
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:::{note}
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You may see a warning similar to `The authenticity of host 'xxx' can't be established...` or `WARNING: REMOTE HOST IDENTIFICATION HAS CHANGED!`, in most cases this can be safely ignored if you have confirmed that you are connecting to the correct host over a secure connection, and the fingerprint will change when your operating system is reinstalled or PhotonVision's coprocessor image is re-flashed. You can read more about it [here](https://superuser.com/questions/421997/what-is-a-ssh-key-fingerprint-and-how-is-it-generated)
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You may see a warning similar to `The authenticity of host 'xxx' can't be established...` or `WARNING: REMOTE HOST IDENTIFICATION HAS CHANGED!`, in most cases this can be safely ignored if you have confirmed that you are connecting to the correct host over a secure connection, and the fingerprint will change when your operating system is reinstalled or PhotonVision's coprocessor image is re-flashed. This can also occur if you have multiple coprocessors with the same hostname on your network. You can read more about it [here](https://superuser.com/questions/421997/what-is-a-ssh-key-fingerprint-and-how-is-it-generated)
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:::
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Example:
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:::{code-block}
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ssh username@hostname
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ssh pi@hostname
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ip
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For PhotonVision, the username will be `pi` and the password will be `raspberry`.
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## ip
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Run [ip address](https://www.mankier.com/8/ip) with your coprocessor connected to a monitor in order to see its IP address and other network configuration information.
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Your output might look something like this:
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:::{code-block}
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2: end1: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc mq state UP group default qlen 1000
This command is especially useful in helping to debug when certain camera controls, like exposure, aren't behaving as expected. If you see an error in the logs similar to `WARNING 30: failed to set property [property name] (UsbCameraImpl.cpp:646)`, that means that PhotonVision is trying to use a control that doesn't exist or has a different name on your hardware. If you encounter this issue, please [file an issue](https://github.com/PhotonVision/photonvision/issues) with the necessary logs and output of the `v4l2-ctl --list-ctrls` command.
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systemctl
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## systemctl
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[systemctl](https://www.mankier.com/1/systemctl) is a command that controls the `systemd` system and service manager.
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systemctl restart photonvision
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journalctl
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Check the status of PhotonVision:
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systemctl status photonvision
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## journalctl
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[journalctl](https://www.mankier.com/1/journalctl) is a command that queries the systemd journal, which is a logging system used by many Linux distributions.
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