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🚦 Toll Booth System Optimization

Optimizing Toll Gate Operations Using Queuing Theory and Linear Programming

👨‍🎓 Authors

  • Raju
  • Kartik N R
  • Vidyasagar L

📌 Abstract

This research focuses on optimizing traffic flow at the Sadahalli toll gate on the Bengaluru–Bellary highway using Queuing Theory and Linear Programming (LP). With a traffic load of over 90,000 vehicles/day, the toll plaza faces regular congestion, especially during airport peak hours. Our study combines mathematical modeling and real-time data analysis to recommend optimal lane allocations and reduce average wait time.

📥 To read the full research paper, please refer to the attached file (./Toll_Booth_system__OPTIMIZATION_.pdf) available in this repository.

🧠 Methodology

  1. Data Collection – Arrival & service rates, lane performance.
  2. Queuing Theory (M/M/c) – To model traffic behavior and congestion.
  3. Linear Programming (LP) – To optimize lane allocation for FASTag vs Manual.
  4. Simulation – To validate results and compare pre/post optimization performance.

🔍 Key Highlights

  • Used M/M/c queuing model to analyze system load and delays.
  • Designed an LP model to minimize total vehicle waiting time.
  • Optimization outcome:
    • FASTag lanes increased: 1 ➝ 2
    • Manual lanes reduced: 2 ➝ 1
    • Average wait time dropped from 12 mins ➝ 5 mins
    • Queue length reduced from 25 ➝ 8 vehicles

📊 Results

Metric Before Optimization After Optimization
Avg Waiting Time (Wq) 12 mins 5 mins
Avg Queue Length (Lq) 25 vehicles 8 vehicles
System Utilization (ρ) 1.33 (overloaded) 0.89 (optimal)

📚 Keywords

Queuing Theory, Linear Programming, Traffic Optimization, Toll Booth, FASTag, Sadahalli, Transportation, Bengaluru, Data Science

✅ Use Case

This model can be applied to toll plazas across India facing congestion issues, especially during festivals, weekends, or near airports.

🙌 Acknowledgements

Special thanks to Vidyashilp University and our mentors for their guidance and support throughout this research journey.