Way to write commands

[jbaumgarten]

Hi guys,

I have a code looking like the following:

intents = discord.Intents.default()
intents.members = True
intents.message_content = True

bot = commands.Bot(command_prefix='?', description=description, intents=intents)

@bot.event
async def on_ready():
    print(f'Logged in as {bot.user} (ID: {bot.user.id})')
    print('------')

@bot.command()
async def joined(ctx, member: discord.Member):
    """Says when a member joined."""
    await ctx.send(f'{member.name} joined {discord.utils.format_dt(member.joined_at)}')

I want to write the code in a class like

class MyClient(discord.Client):
     ...

intents = discord.Intents.default()
intents.message_content = True

client = MyClient(intents=intents)

I have found that @bot.event can be directly added in the class like

    async def on_ready(self):
        print(f'Logged in as {self.user} (ID: {self.user.id})')
        print('------')

But how should I proceed to add a command?
Thx :)

[CaedenPH]

@jbaumgarten
This is a difficult question because on_ready is a method of discord.Client which you override. However, there is no such thing for commands.

I personally would recommend the use of cogs, as documented here
https://discordpy.readthedocs.io/en/stable/ext/commands/cogs.html

This way you can load cogs and put organized groups of commands within a cog

[increasingardor]

Subclass commands.Bot instead of discord.Client and you can use the command functionality built in to Bot already.

If you really want to stick with Client, you would override the on_message function and manually parse messages for commands.

[increasingardor]

A Cog is basically a collection of Commands and Listeners. By itself it can do nothing, but a Bot can load them and add them to its list of commands and event listeners. They are mainly a method of code organization.

For example, I have a Cog called Gifs. It contains a bunch of commands related to gifs, so we can use gifs that may not be in the built in gif picker. It’s a basic CRUD setup, with sub commands to create, retrieve, update, and delete gifs to/from database. Separately I have a Cog called Tts that manages text to speech in voice channels (we have shy users that don’t want to talk). Keeping those commands separated makes managing the files and commands much easier.

[jbaumgarten]

So you're mixing a main class heriting from discord.Client and several classes heriting from commands.Cog?

[increasingardor]

My bot class subclasses Bot, which itself is a subclass of Client. Cogs are basically just containers for commands that Bot can add to its list of commands.

[jbaumgarten]

Thx man

[jbaumgarten]

@increasingardor hi man, I made some tries but I don't understand

I created a cog class

class MyCogClass(commands.Cog):
    def __init__(self, bot):
        self.bot = bot

    @commands.command()
    @app_commands.describe(member='The member you want to get the joined date from; defaults to the user who uses the command')
    async def joined(self, interaction: discord.Interaction, member: Optional[discord.Member] = None):
        """Says when a member joined."""
        # If no member is explicitly provided then we use the command user here
        member = member or interaction.user

        # The format_dt function formats the date time into a human readable representation in the official client
        await interaction.response.send_message(f'{member} joined {discord.utils.format_dt(member.joined_at)}')

I also create a bot class

class MyClient(commands.Bot):
    def __init__(self, command_prefix, intents: discord.Intents):
        super().__init__(command_prefix=command_prefix, intents=intents, description='Test')

    async def on_ready(self):
        logging.info(f'Logged in as {self.user} (ID: {self.user.id})')

    async def setup_hook(self):
        logging.info("Setup hook...")
        guild = discord.Object(id=MY_GUILD_ID)
        # This copies the global commands over to your guild.
        self.tree.copy_global_to(guild=guild)
        await self.tree.sync(guild=guild)

Then I started my app like

async def main():
        # Define right intents
        intents = discord.Intents.default()
        intents.members = True
        intents.guilds = True
        async with MyClient(command_prefix='/', intents=intents, db=db) as bot:
            await bot.add_cog(MyCogClass(bot))
            await bot.start('MY_TOKEN')

asyncio.run(main())

How ever, my bot does not display any commands "joined" on my server.
What did I miss? :/