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‎README.md‎

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‎src/ch_3/bare-metal-blink/Makefile‎

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# Copyright (c) 2025 David Such
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#
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# This software is released under the MIT License.
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# https://opensource.org/licenses/MIT
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# Microcontroller & Serial Port Configuration
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MCU=atmega328p
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F_CPU=16000000UL
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PORT=$(shell ls /dev/cu.usbmodem* | head -n 1) # Auto-detect Arduino port
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BAUD=115200
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# Toolchain Configuration
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CC=avr-gcc
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OBJCOPY=avr-objcopy
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AVRDUDE=avrdude
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CFLAGS=-mmcu=$(MCU) -Os -DF_CPU=$(F_CPU)
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# Targets
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all: blink.hex
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blink.elf: blink.c
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$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o blink.elf blink.c
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blink.hex: blink.elf
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$(OBJCOPY) -O ihex blink.elf blink.hex
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upload: blink.hex
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$(AVRDUDE) -c arduino -p $(MCU) -P $(PORT) -b $(BAUD) -U flash:w:blink.hex:i
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clean:
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rm -f blink.elf blink.hex

‎src/ch_3/bare-metal-blink/blink.c‎

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/**
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* Copyright (c) 2025 David Such
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*
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* This software is released under the MIT License.
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* https://opensource.org/licenses/MIT
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*/
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#define F_CPU 16000000UL // 16 MHz Clock
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#include <avr/io.h> // AVR Register Definitions
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void timer1_delay_ms(uint16_t ms) {
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TCCR1B |= (1 << WGM12) | (1 << CS12) | (1 << CS10); // CTC mode, Prescaler 1024
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OCR1A = (F_CPU / 1024 / 1000) * ms; // Compare match value for the delay
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TCNT1 = 0; // Reset Timer1 counter
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TIFR1 |= (1 << OCF1A); // Clear previous interrupt flag
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while (!(TIFR1 & (1 << OCF1A))); // Wait for timer to reach match value
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}
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int main(void) {
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DDRB |= (1 << DDB5); // Set PB5 (pin 13) as output
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while (1) {
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PORTB ^= (1 << PORTB5); // Toggle PB5 (LED ON/OFF)
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timer1_delay_ms(500); // 500ms delay using Timer1
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}
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}

‎src/ch_3/bare-metal-blink/blink.elf‎

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‎src/ch_3/bare-metal-blink/blink.hex‎

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:100000000C9434000C943E000C943E000C943E0082
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:100010000C943E000C943E000C943E000C943E0068
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:100020000C943E000C943E000C943E000C943E0058
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:100030000C943E000C943E000C943E000C943E0048
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:100040000C943E000C943E000C943E000C943E0038
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:100050000C943E000C943E000C943E000C943E0028
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:100060000C943E000C943E0011241FBECFEFD8E04C
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:10007000DEBFCDBF0E9458000C9462000C940000BB
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:10008000AC01909181009D60909381008FE0849FEE
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:100090009001859F300D11243093890020938800B2
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:1000A0001092850010928400B19AB19BFECF089502
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:1000B000259AC0E285B18C2785B984EF91E00E9432
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:0800C0004000F8CFF894FFCFD7
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:00000001FF

‎src/ch_3/pico-awg-dma/.gitignore‎

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build

‎src/ch_3/pico-awg-dma/.vscode/c_cpp_properties.json‎

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{
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"configurations": [
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{
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"name": "Pico",
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"includePath": [
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"${workspaceFolder}/**",
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"${userHome}/.pico-sdk/sdk/2.1.1/**"
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],
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"forcedInclude": [
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"${userHome}/.pico-sdk/sdk/2.1.1/src/common/pico_base_headers/include/pico.h",
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"${workspaceFolder}/build/generated/pico_base/pico/config_autogen.h"
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],
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"defines": [],
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"compilerPath": "${userHome}/.pico-sdk/toolchain/14_2_Rel1/bin/arm-none-eabi-gcc",
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"compileCommands": "${workspaceFolder}/build/compile_commands.json",
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"cStandard": "c17",
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"cppStandard": "c++14",
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"intelliSenseMode": "linux-gcc-arm"
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}
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],
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"version": 4
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}

‎src/ch_3/pico-awg-dma/.vscode/cmake-kits.json‎

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[
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{
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"name": "Pico",
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"compilers": {
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"C": "${command:raspberry-pi-pico.getCompilerPath}",
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"CXX": "${command:raspberry-pi-pico.getCxxCompilerPath}"
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},
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"environmentVariables": {
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"PATH": "${command:raspberry-pi-pico.getEnvPath};${env:PATH}"
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},
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"cmakeSettings": {
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"Python3_EXECUTABLE": "${command:raspberry-pi-pico.getPythonPath}"
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}
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}
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]

‎src/ch_3/pico-awg-dma/.vscode/extensions.json‎

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{
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"recommendations": [
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"marus25.cortex-debug",
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"ms-vscode.cpptools",
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"ms-vscode.cpptools-extension-pack",
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"ms-vscode.vscode-serial-monitor",
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"raspberry-pi.raspberry-pi-pico"
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]
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}

‎src/ch_3/pico-awg-dma/.vscode/launch.json‎

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{
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"version": "0.2.0",
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"configurations": [
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{
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"name": "Pico Debug (Cortex-Debug)",
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"cwd": "${userHome}/.pico-sdk/openocd/0.12.0+dev/scripts",
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"executable": "${command:raspberry-pi-pico.launchTargetPath}",
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"request": "launch",
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"type": "cortex-debug",
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"servertype": "openocd",
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"serverpath": "${userHome}/.pico-sdk/openocd/0.12.0+dev/openocd.exe",
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"gdbPath": "${command:raspberry-pi-pico.getGDBPath}",
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"device": "${command:raspberry-pi-pico.getChipUppercase}",
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"configFiles": [
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"interface/cmsis-dap.cfg",
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"target/${command:raspberry-pi-pico.getTarget}.cfg"
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],
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"svdFile": "${userHome}/.pico-sdk/sdk/2.1.1/src/${command:raspberry-pi-pico.getChip}/hardware_regs/${command:raspberry-pi-pico.getChipUppercase}.svd",
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"runToEntryPoint": "main",
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// Fix for no_flash binaries, where monitor reset halt doesn't do what is expected
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// Also works fine for flash binaries
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"overrideLaunchCommands": [
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"monitor reset init",
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"load \"${command:raspberry-pi-pico.launchTargetPath}\""
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],
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"openOCDLaunchCommands": [
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"adapter speed 5000"
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]
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},
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{
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"name": "Pico Debug (Cortex-Debug with external OpenOCD)",
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"cwd": "${workspaceRoot}",
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"executable": "${command:raspberry-pi-pico.launchTargetPath}",
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"request": "launch",
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"type": "cortex-debug",
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"servertype": "external",
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"gdbTarget": "localhost:3333",
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"gdbPath": "${command:raspberry-pi-pico.getGDBPath}",
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"device": "${command:raspberry-pi-pico.getChipUppercase}",
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"svdFile": "${userHome}/.pico-sdk/sdk/2.1.1/src/${command:raspberry-pi-pico.getChip}/hardware_regs/${command:raspberry-pi-pico.getChipUppercase}.svd",
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"runToEntryPoint": "main",
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// Fix for no_flash binaries, where monitor reset halt doesn't do what is expected
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// Also works fine for flash binaries
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"overrideLaunchCommands": [
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"monitor reset init",
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"load \"${command:raspberry-pi-pico.launchTargetPath}\""
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]
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},
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{
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"name": "Pico Debug (C++ Debugger)",
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"type": "cppdbg",
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"request": "launch",
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"cwd": "${workspaceRoot}",
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"program": "${command:raspberry-pi-pico.launchTargetPath}",
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"MIMode": "gdb",
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"miDebuggerPath": "${command:raspberry-pi-pico.getGDBPath}",
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"miDebuggerServerAddress": "localhost:3333",
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"debugServerPath": "${userHome}/.pico-sdk/openocd/0.12.0+dev/openocd.exe",
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"debugServerArgs": "-f interface/cmsis-dap.cfg -f target/${command:raspberry-pi-pico.getTarget}.cfg -c \"adapter speed 5000\"",
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"serverStarted": "Listening on port .* for gdb connections",
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"filterStderr": true,
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"hardwareBreakpoints": {
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"require": true,
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"limit": 4
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},
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"preLaunchTask": "Flash",
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"svdPath": "${userHome}/.pico-sdk/sdk/2.1.1/src/${command:raspberry-pi-pico.getChip}/hardware_regs/${command:raspberry-pi-pico.getChipUppercase}.svd"
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},
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]
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}

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