virtio-mem: Paravirtualized memory hotunplug part 2

We also want to unplug online memory (contained in online memory blocks
and, therefore, managed by the buddy), and eventually replug it later.

When requested to unplug memory, we use alloc_contig_range() to allocate
subblocks in online memory blocks (so we are the owner) and send them to
our hypervisor. When requested to plug memory, we can replug such memory
using free_contig_range() after asking our hypervisor.

We also want to mark all allocated pages PG_offline, so nobody will
touch them. To differentiate pages that were never onlined when
onlining the memory block from pages allocated via alloc_contig_range(), we
use PageDirty(). Based on this flag, virtio_mem_fake_online() can either
online the pages for the first time or use free_contig_range().

It is worth noting that there are no guarantees on how much memory can
actually get unplugged again. All device memory might completely be
fragmented with unmovable data, such that no subblock can get unplugged.

We are not touching the ZONE_MOVABLE. If memory is onlined to the
ZONE_MOVABLE, it can only get unplugged after that memory was offlined
manually by user space. In normal operation, virtio-mem memory is
suggested to be onlined to ZONE_NORMAL. In the future, we will try to
make unplug more likely to succeed.

Add a module parameter to control if online memory shall be touched.

As we want to access alloc_contig_range()/free_contig_range() from
kernel module context, export the symbols.

Note: Whenever virtio-mem uses alloc_contig_range(), all affected pages
are on the same node, in the same zone, and contain no holes.

Acked-by: Michal Hocko <[email protected]> # to export contig range allocator API
Tested-by: Pankaj Gupta <[email protected]>
Cc: "Michael S. Tsirkin" <[email protected]>
Cc: Jason Wang <[email protected]>
Cc: Oscar Salvador <[email protected]>
Cc: Michal Hocko <[email protected]>
Cc: Igor Mammedov <[email protected]>
Cc: Dave Young <[email protected]>
Cc: Andrew Morton <[email protected]>
Cc: Dan Williams <[email protected]>
Cc: Pavel Tatashin <[email protected]>
Cc: Stefan Hajnoczi <[email protected]>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <[email protected]>
Cc: Mel Gorman <[email protected]>
Cc: Mike Rapoport <[email protected]>
Cc: Alexander Duyck <[email protected]>
Cc: Alexander Potapenko <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: David Hildenbrand <[email protected]>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/[email protected]
Signed-off-by: Michael S. Tsirkin <[email protected]>

Author: davidhildenbrand

drivers/virtio/Kconfig

@@ -85,6 +85,7 @@ config VIRTIO_MEM
 	depends on VIRTIO
 	depends on MEMORY_HOTPLUG_SPARSE
 	depends on MEMORY_HOTREMOVE
+	select CONTIG_ALLOC
 	help
 	 This driver provides access to virtio-mem paravirtualized memory
 	 devices, allowing to hotplug and hotunplug memory.

drivers/virtio/virtio_mem.c

@@ -23,6 +23,10 @@
 
 #include <acpi/acpi_numa.h>
 
+static bool unplug_online = true;
+module_param(unplug_online, bool, 0644);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(unplug_online, "Try to unplug online memory");
+
 enum virtio_mem_mb_state {
 	/* Unplugged, not added to Linux. Can be reused later. */
 	VIRTIO_MEM_MB_STATE_UNUSED = 0,
@@ -654,23 +658,35 @@ static int virtio_mem_memory_notifier_cb(struct notifier_block *nb,
 }
 
 /*
- * Set a range of pages PG_offline.
+ * Set a range of pages PG_offline. Remember pages that were never onlined
+ * (via generic_online_page()) using PageDirty().
  */
 static void virtio_mem_set_fake_offline(unsigned long pfn,
-					unsigned int nr_pages)
+					unsigned int nr_pages, bool onlined)
 {
-	for (; nr_pages--; pfn++)
-		__SetPageOffline(pfn_to_page(pfn));
+	for (; nr_pages--; pfn++) {
+		struct page *page = pfn_to_page(pfn);
+
+		__SetPageOffline(page);
+		if (!onlined)
+			SetPageDirty(page);
+	}
 }
 
 /*
- * Clear PG_offline from a range of pages.
+ * Clear PG_offline from a range of pages. If the pages were never onlined,
+ * (via generic_online_page()), clear PageDirty().
  */
 static void virtio_mem_clear_fake_offline(unsigned long pfn,
-					  unsigned int nr_pages)
+					  unsigned int nr_pages, bool onlined)
 {
-	for (; nr_pages--; pfn++)
-		__ClearPageOffline(pfn_to_page(pfn));
+	for (; nr_pages--; pfn++) {
+		struct page *page = pfn_to_page(pfn);
+
+		__ClearPageOffline(page);
+		if (!onlined)
+			ClearPageDirty(page);
+	}
 }
 
 /*
@@ -686,10 +702,26 @@ static void virtio_mem_fake_online(unsigned long pfn, unsigned int nr_pages)
 	 * We are always called with subblock granularity, which is at least
 	 * aligned to MAX_ORDER - 1.
 	 */
-	virtio_mem_clear_fake_offline(pfn, nr_pages);
+	for (i = 0; i < nr_pages; i += 1 << order) {
+		struct page *page = pfn_to_page(pfn + i);
 
-	for (i = 0; i < nr_pages; i += 1 << order)
-		generic_online_page(pfn_to_page(pfn + i), order);
+		/*
+		 * If the page is PageDirty(), it was kept fake-offline when
+		 * onlining the memory block. Otherwise, it was allocated
+		 * using alloc_contig_range(). All pages in a subblock are
+		 * alike.
+		 */
+		if (PageDirty(page)) {
+			virtio_mem_clear_fake_offline(pfn + i, 1 << order,
+						      false);
+			generic_online_page(page, order);
+		} else {
+			virtio_mem_clear_fake_offline(pfn + i, 1 << order,
+						      true);
+			free_contig_range(pfn + i, 1 << order);
+			adjust_managed_page_count(page, 1 << order);
+		}
+	}
 }
 
 static void virtio_mem_online_page_cb(struct page *page, unsigned int order)
@@ -718,7 +750,8 @@ static void virtio_mem_online_page_cb(struct page *page, unsigned int order)
 		if (virtio_mem_mb_test_sb_plugged(vm, mb_id, sb_id, 1))
 			generic_online_page(page, order);
 		else
-			virtio_mem_set_fake_offline(PFN_DOWN(addr), 1 << order);
+			virtio_mem_set_fake_offline(PFN_DOWN(addr), 1 << order,
+						    false);
 		rcu_read_unlock();
 		return;
 	}
@@ -1186,6 +1219,72 @@ static int virtio_mem_mb_unplug_any_sb_offline(struct virtio_mem *vm,
 	return 0;
 }
 
+/*
+ * Unplug the desired number of plugged subblocks of an online memory block.
+ * Will skip subblock that are busy.
+ *
+ * Will modify the state of the memory block.
+ *
+ * Note: Can fail after some subblocks were successfully unplugged. Can
+ *       return 0 even if subblocks were busy and could not get unplugged.
+ */
+static int virtio_mem_mb_unplug_any_sb_online(struct virtio_mem *vm,
+					      unsigned long mb_id,
+					      uint64_t *nb_sb)
+{
+	const unsigned long nr_pages = PFN_DOWN(vm->subblock_size);
+	unsigned long start_pfn;
+	int rc, sb_id;
+
+	/*
+	 * TODO: To increase the performance we want to try bigger, consecutive
+	 * subblocks first before falling back to single subblocks. Also,
+	 * we should sense via something like is_mem_section_removable()
+	 * first if it makes sense to go ahead any try to allocate.
+	 */
+	for (sb_id = 0; sb_id < vm->nb_sb_per_mb && *nb_sb; sb_id++) {
+		/* Find the next candidate subblock */
+		while (sb_id < vm->nb_sb_per_mb &&
+		       !virtio_mem_mb_test_sb_plugged(vm, mb_id, sb_id, 1))
+			sb_id++;
+		if (sb_id >= vm->nb_sb_per_mb)
+			break;
+
+		start_pfn = PFN_DOWN(virtio_mem_mb_id_to_phys(mb_id) +
+				     sb_id * vm->subblock_size);
+		rc = alloc_contig_range(start_pfn, start_pfn + nr_pages,
+					MIGRATE_MOVABLE, GFP_KERNEL);
+		if (rc == -ENOMEM)
+			/* whoops, out of memory */
+			return rc;
+		if (rc)
+			/* memory busy, we can't unplug this chunk */
+			continue;
+
+		/* Mark it as fake-offline before unplugging it */
+		virtio_mem_set_fake_offline(start_pfn, nr_pages, true);
+		adjust_managed_page_count(pfn_to_page(start_pfn), -nr_pages);
+
+		/* Try to unplug the allocated memory */
+		rc = virtio_mem_mb_unplug_sb(vm, mb_id, sb_id, 1);
+		if (rc) {
+			/* Return the memory to the buddy. */
+			virtio_mem_fake_online(start_pfn, nr_pages);
+			return rc;
+		}
+
+		virtio_mem_mb_set_state(vm, mb_id,
+					VIRTIO_MEM_MB_STATE_ONLINE_PARTIAL);
+		*nb_sb -= 1;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * TODO: Once all subblocks of a memory block were unplugged, we want
+	 * to offline the memory block and remove it.
+	 */
+	return 0;
+}
+
 /*
  * Try to unplug the requested amount of memory.
  */
@@ -1225,8 +1324,37 @@ static int virtio_mem_unplug_request(struct virtio_mem *vm, uint64_t diff)
 		cond_resched();
 	}
 
+	if (!unplug_online) {
+		mutex_unlock(&vm->hotplug_mutex);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	/* Try to unplug subblocks of partially plugged online blocks. */
+	virtio_mem_for_each_mb_state_rev(vm, mb_id,
+					 VIRTIO_MEM_MB_STATE_ONLINE_PARTIAL) {
+		rc = virtio_mem_mb_unplug_any_sb_online(vm, mb_id,
+							&nb_sb);
+		if (rc || !nb_sb)
+			goto out_unlock;
+		mutex_unlock(&vm->hotplug_mutex);
+		cond_resched();
+		mutex_lock(&vm->hotplug_mutex);
+	}
+
+	/* Try to unplug subblocks of plugged online blocks. */
+	virtio_mem_for_each_mb_state_rev(vm, mb_id,
+					 VIRTIO_MEM_MB_STATE_ONLINE) {
+		rc = virtio_mem_mb_unplug_any_sb_online(vm, mb_id,
+							&nb_sb);
+		if (rc || !nb_sb)
+			goto out_unlock;
+		mutex_unlock(&vm->hotplug_mutex);
+		cond_resched();
+		mutex_lock(&vm->hotplug_mutex);
+	}
+
 	mutex_unlock(&vm->hotplug_mutex);
-	return 0;
+	return nb_sb ? -EBUSY : 0;
 out_unlock:
 	mutex_unlock(&vm->hotplug_mutex);
 	return rc;
@@ -1332,7 +1460,8 @@ static void virtio_mem_run_wq(struct work_struct *work)
 	case -EBUSY:
 		/*
 		 * The hypervisor cannot process our request right now
-		 * (e.g., out of memory, migrating).
+		 * (e.g., out of memory, migrating) or we cannot free up
+		 * any memory to unplug it (all plugged memory is busy).
 		 */
 	case -ENOMEM:
 		/* Out of memory, try again later. */

mm/page_alloc.c

@@ -8603,6 +8603,7 @@ int alloc_contig_range(unsigned long start, unsigned long end,
 				pfn_max_align_up(end), migratetype);
 	return ret;
 }
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(alloc_contig_range);
 
 static int __alloc_contig_pages(unsigned long start_pfn,
 				unsigned long nr_pages, gfp_t gfp_mask)
@@ -8718,6 +8719,7 @@ void free_contig_range(unsigned long pfn, unsigned int nr_pages)
 	}
 	WARN(count != 0, "%d pages are still in use!\n", count);
 }
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(free_contig_range);
 
 /*
  * The zone indicated has a new number of managed_pages; batch sizes and percpu