rust: alloc: implement collect for IntoIter

Currently, we can't implement `FromIterator`. There are a couple of
issues with this trait in the kernel, namely:

  - Rust's specialization feature is unstable. This prevents us to
    optimze for the special case where `I::IntoIter` equals `Vec`'s
    `IntoIter` type.
  - We also can't use `I::IntoIter`'s type ID either to work around this,
    since `FromIterator` doesn't require this type to be `'static`.
  - `FromIterator::from_iter` does return `Self` instead of
    `Result<Self, AllocError>`, hence we can't properly handle allocation
    failures.
  - Neither `Iterator::collect` nor `FromIterator::from_iter` can handle
    additional allocation flags.

Instead, provide `IntoIter::collect`, such that we can at least convert
`IntoIter` into a `Vec` again.

Reviewed-by: Alice Ryhl <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Danilo Krummrich <[email protected]>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/[email protected]

Author: Danilo Krummrich

rust/kernel/alloc/kvec.rs

@@ -681,6 +681,84 @@ where
     fn as_raw_mut_slice(&mut self) -> *mut [T] {
         ptr::slice_from_raw_parts_mut(self.ptr, self.len)
     }
+
+    fn into_raw_parts(self) -> (*mut T, NonNull<T>, usize, usize) {
+        let me = ManuallyDrop::new(self);
+        let ptr = me.ptr;
+        let buf = me.buf;
+        let len = me.len;
+        let cap = me.cap;
+        (ptr, buf, len, cap)
+    }
+
+    /// Same as `Iterator::collect` but specialized for `Vec`'s `IntoIter`.
+    ///
+    /// Currently, we can't implement `FromIterator`. There are a couple of issues with this trait
+    /// in the kernel, namely:
+    ///
+    /// - Rust's specialization feature is unstable. This prevents us to optimze for the special
+    ///   case where `I::IntoIter` equals `Vec`'s `IntoIter` type.
+    /// - We also can't use `I::IntoIter`'s type ID either to work around this, since `FromIterator`
+    ///   doesn't require this type to be `'static`.
+    /// - `FromIterator::from_iter` does return `Self` instead of `Result<Self, AllocError>`, hence
+    ///   we can't properly handle allocation failures.
+    /// - Neither `Iterator::collect` nor `FromIterator::from_iter` can handle additional allocation
+    ///   flags.
+    ///
+    /// Instead, provide `IntoIter::collect`, such that we can at least convert a `IntoIter` into a
+    /// `Vec` again.
+    ///
+    /// Note that `IntoIter::collect` doesn't require `Flags`, since it re-uses the existing backing
+    /// buffer. However, this backing buffer may be shrunk to the actual count of elements.
+    ///
+    /// # Examples
+    ///
+    /// ```
+    /// let v = kernel::kvec![1, 2, 3]?;
+    /// let mut it = v.into_iter();
+    ///
+    /// assert_eq!(it.next(), Some(1));
+    ///
+    /// let v = it.collect(GFP_KERNEL);
+    /// assert_eq!(v, [2, 3]);
+    ///
+    /// # Ok::<(), Error>(())
+    /// ```
+    pub fn collect(self, flags: Flags) -> Vec<T, A> {
+        let (mut ptr, buf, len, mut cap) = self.into_raw_parts();
+        let has_advanced = ptr != buf.as_ptr();
+
+        if has_advanced {
+            // SAFETY: Copy the contents we have advanced to at the beginning of the buffer.
+            // `ptr` is guaranteed to be between `buf` and `buf.add(cap)` and `ptr.add(len)` is
+            // guaranteed to be smaller than `buf.add(cap)`.
+            unsafe { ptr::copy(ptr, buf.as_ptr(), len) };
+            ptr = buf.as_ptr();
+        }
+
+        // This can never fail, `len` is guaranteed to be smaller than `cap`.
+        let layout = core::alloc::Layout::array::<T>(len).unwrap();
+
+        // SAFETY: `buf` points to the start of the backing buffer and `len` is guaranteed to be
+        // smaller than `cap`. Depending on `alloc` this operation may shrink the buffer or leaves
+        // it as it is.
+        ptr = match unsafe { A::realloc(Some(buf.cast()), layout, flags) } {
+            // If we fail to shrink, which likely can't even happen, continue with the existing
+            // buffer.
+            Err(_) => ptr,
+            Ok(ptr) => {
+                cap = len;
+                ptr.as_ptr().cast()
+            }
+        };
+
+        // SAFETY: If the iterator has been advanced, the advanced elements have been copied to
+        // the beginning of the buffer and `len` has been adjusted accordingly. `ptr` is guaranteed
+        // to point to the start of the backing buffer. `cap` is either the original capacity or,
+        // after shrinking the buffer, equal to `len`. `alloc` is guaranteed to be unchanged since
+        // `into_iter` has been called on the original `Vec`.
+        unsafe { Vec::from_raw_parts(ptr, len, cap) }
+    }
 }
 
 impl<T, A> Iterator for IntoIter<T, A>