arm64: Ensure bits ASID[15:8] are masked out when the kernel uses 8-bit ASIDs

Linux currently sets the TCR_EL1.AS bit unconditionally during CPU
bring-up. On an 8-bit ASID CPU, this is RES0 and ignored, otherwise
16-bit ASIDs are enabled. However, if running in a VM and the hypervisor
reports 8-bit ASIDs (ID_AA64MMFR0_EL1.ASIDBits == 0) on a 16-bit ASIDs
CPU, Linux uses bits 8 to 63 as a generation number for tracking old
process ASIDs. The bottom 8 bits of this generation end up being written
to TTBR1_EL1 and also used for the ASID-based TLBI operations as the
upper 8 bits of the ASID. Following an ASID roll-over event we can have
threads of the same application with the same 8-bit ASID but different
generation numbers running on separate CPUs. Both TLB caching and the
TLBI operations will end up using different actual 16-bit ASIDs for the
same process.

A similar scenario can happen in a big.LITTLE configuration if the boot
CPU only uses 8-bit ASIDs while secondary CPUs have 16-bit ASIDs.

Ensure that the ASID generation is only tracked by bits 16 and up,
leaving bits 15:8 as 0 if the kernel uses 8-bit ASIDs. Note that
clearing TCR_EL1.AS is not sufficient since the architecture requires
that the top 8 bits of the ASID passed to TLBI instructions are 0 rather
than ignored in such configuration.

Cc: [email protected]
Cc: Will Deacon <[email protected]>
Cc: Mark Rutland <[email protected]>
Cc: Marc Zyngier <[email protected]>
Cc: James Morse <[email protected]>
Acked-by: Mark Rutland <[email protected]>
Acked-by: Marc Zyngier <[email protected]>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/[email protected]
Signed-off-by: Catalin Marinas <[email protected]>

Author: ctmarinas

arch/arm64/mm/context.c

@@ -32,9 +32,9 @@ static unsigned long nr_pinned_asids;
 static unsigned long *pinned_asid_map;
 
 #define ASID_MASK		(~GENMASK(asid_bits - 1, 0))
-#define ASID_FIRST_VERSION	(1UL << asid_bits)
+#define ASID_FIRST_VERSION	(1UL << 16)
 
-#define NUM_USER_ASIDS		ASID_FIRST_VERSION
+#define NUM_USER_ASIDS		(1UL << asid_bits)
 #define ctxid2asid(asid)	((asid) & ~ASID_MASK)
 #define asid2ctxid(asid, genid)	((asid) | (genid))