perf script: task-analyzer add csv support

This patch adds the possibility to write the trace and the summary as csv files
to a user specified file. A format as such simplifies further data processing.
This is achieved by having ";" as separators instead of spaces and solely one
header per file.

Additional parameters are being considered, like in the normal usage of the
script. Colors are turned off in the case of a csv output, thus the highlight
option is also being ignored.

Usage:

Write standard task to csv file:

  $ perf script report tasks-analyzer --csv <file>

write limited output to csv file in nanoseconds:

  $ perf script report tasks-analyzer --csv <file> --ns --limit-to-tasks 1337

Write summary to a csv file:

  $ perf script report tasks-analyzer --csv-summary <file>

Write summary to csv file with additional schedule information:

  $ perf script report tasks-analyzer --csv-summary <file> --summary-extended

Write both summary and standard task to a csv file:

  $ perf script report tasks-analyzer --csv --csv-summary

The following examples illustrate what is possible with the CSV output.  The
first command sequence will record all scheduler switch events for 10 seconds,
the task-analyzer calculates task information like runtimes as CSV.  A small
python snippet using pandas and matplotlib will visualize the most frequent
task (e.g. kworker/1:1) runtimes - each runtime as a bar in a bar chart:

  $ perf record -e sched:sched_switch -a -- sleep 10
  $ perf script report tasks-analyzer --ns --csv tasks.csv
  $ cat << EOF > /tmp/freq-comm-runtimes-bar.py
    import pandas as pd
    import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

    df = pd.read_csv("tasks.csv", sep=';')
    most_freq_comm = df["COMM"].value_counts().idxmax()
    most_freq_runtimes = df[df["COMM"]==most_freq_comm]["Runtime"]
    plt.title(f"Runtimes for Task {most_freq_comm} in Nanoseconds")
    plt.bar(range(len(most_freq_runtimes)), most_freq_runtimes)
    plt.show()
  $ python3 /tmp/freq-comm-runtimes-bar.py

As a seconds example, the subsequent script generates a pie chart of all
accumulated tasks runtimes for 10 seconds of system recordings:

  $ perf record -e sched:sched_switch -a -- sleep 10
  $ perf script report tasks-analyzer --csv-summary task-summary.csv
  $ cat << EOF > /tmp/accumulated-task-pie.py
    import pandas as pd
    from matplotlib.pyplot import pie, axis, show

    df = pd.read_csv("task-summary.csv", sep=';')
    sums = df.groupby(df["Comm"])["Accumulated"].sum()
    axis("equal")
    pie(sums, labels=sums.index);
    show()
  EOF
  $ python3 /tmp/accumulated-task-pie.py

A variety of other visualizations are possible in matplotlib and other
environments. Of course, pandas, numpy and co. also allow easy
statistical analysis of the data!

Signed-off-by: Petar Gligoric <[email protected]>
Cc: Andi Kleen <[email protected]>
Cc: Ian Rogers <[email protected]>
Cc: Jiri Olsa <[email protected]>
Cc: Namhyung Kim <[email protected]>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/[email protected]
Signed-off-by: Hagen Paul Pfeifer <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <[email protected]>

Author: Petar Gligoric

tools/perf/scripts/python/task-analyzer.py

@@ -156,6 +156,18 @@ def _parse_args():
         help="always, never or auto, allowing configuring color output"
             " via the command line",
     )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--csv",
+        default="",
+        help="Write trace to file selected by user. Options, like --ns or --extended"
+            "-times are used.",
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--csv-summary",
+        default="",
+        help="Write summary to file selected by user. Options, like --ns or"
+            " --summary-extended are used.",
+    )
     args = parser.parse_args()
     args.tid_renames = dict()
 
@@ -275,7 +287,6 @@ def _update_max_entries(self):
 
 
 
-
 class Summary(object):
     """
     Primary instance for calculating the summary output. Processes the whole trace to
@@ -327,7 +338,7 @@ def _print_header(self):
                 sum(db["inter_times"].values()) - 4 * decimal_precision
                 )
             _header += ("Max Inter Task Times",)
-        print(fmt.format(*_header))
+        fd_sum.write(fmt.format(*_header) +  "\n")
 
     def _column_titles(self):
         """
@@ -336,34 +347,58 @@ def _column_titles(self):
         values are being displayed in grey. Thus in their format two additional {},
         are placed for color set and reset.
         """
+        separator, fix_csv_align = _prepare_fmt_sep()
         decimal_precision, time_precision = _prepare_fmt_precision()
-        fmt = " {{:>{}}}".format(db["task_info"]["pid"])
-        fmt += " {{:>{}}}".format(db["task_info"]["tid"])
-        fmt += " {{:>{}}}".format(db["task_info"]["comm"])
-        fmt += " {{:>{}}}".format(db["runtime_info"]["runs"])
-        fmt += " {{:>{}}}".format(db["runtime_info"]["acc"])
-        fmt += " {{:>{}}}".format(db["runtime_info"]["mean"])
-        fmt += " {{:>{}}}".format(db["runtime_info"]["median"])
-        fmt += " {{:>{}}}".format(db["runtime_info"]["min"] - decimal_precision)
-        fmt += " {{:>{}}}".format(db["runtime_info"]["max"] - decimal_precision)
-        fmt += " {{}}{{:>{}}}{{}}".format(db["runtime_info"]["max_at"] - time_precision)
+        fmt = "{{:>{}}}".format(db["task_info"]["pid"] * fix_csv_align)
+        fmt += "{}{{:>{}}}".format(separator, db["task_info"]["tid"] * fix_csv_align)
+        fmt += "{}{{:>{}}}".format(separator, db["task_info"]["comm"] * fix_csv_align)
+        fmt += "{}{{:>{}}}".format(separator, db["runtime_info"]["runs"] * fix_csv_align)
+        fmt += "{}{{:>{}}}".format(separator, db["runtime_info"]["acc"] * fix_csv_align)
+        fmt += "{}{{:>{}}}".format(separator, db["runtime_info"]["mean"] * fix_csv_align)
+        fmt += "{}{{:>{}}}".format(
+            separator, db["runtime_info"]["median"] * fix_csv_align
+        )
+        fmt += "{}{{:>{}}}".format(
+            separator, (db["runtime_info"]["min"] - decimal_precision) * fix_csv_align
+        )
+        fmt += "{}{{:>{}}}".format(
+            separator, (db["runtime_info"]["max"] - decimal_precision) * fix_csv_align
+        )
+        fmt += "{}{{}}{{:>{}}}{{}}".format(
+            separator, (db["runtime_info"]["max_at"] - time_precision) * fix_csv_align
+        )
 
         column_titles = ("PID", "TID", "Comm")
         column_titles += ("Runs", "Accumulated", "Mean", "Median", "Min", "Max")
-        column_titles += (_COLORS["grey"], "At", _COLORS["reset"])
+        column_titles += (_COLORS["grey"], "Max At", _COLORS["reset"])
 
         if args.summary_extended:
-            fmt += " {{:>{}}}".format(db["inter_times"]["out_in"] - decimal_precision)
-            fmt += " {{}}{{:>{}}}{{}}".format(
-                db["inter_times"]["inter_at"] - time_precision
+            fmt += "{}{{:>{}}}".format(
+                separator,
+                (db["inter_times"]["out_in"] - decimal_precision) * fix_csv_align
+            )
+            fmt += "{}{{}}{{:>{}}}{{}}".format(
+                separator,
+                (db["inter_times"]["inter_at"] - time_precision) * fix_csv_align
+            )
+            fmt += "{}{{:>{}}}".format(
+                separator,
+                (db["inter_times"]["out_out"] - decimal_precision) * fix_csv_align
+            )
+            fmt += "{}{{:>{}}}".format(
+                separator,
+                (db["inter_times"]["in_in"] - decimal_precision) * fix_csv_align
+            )
+            fmt += "{}{{:>{}}}".format(
+                separator,
+                (db["inter_times"]["in_out"] - decimal_precision) * fix_csv_align
             )
-            fmt += " {{:>{}}}".format(db["inter_times"]["out_out"] - decimal_precision)
-            fmt += " {{:>{}}}".format(db["inter_times"]["in_in"] - decimal_precision)
-            fmt += " {{:>{}}}".format(db["inter_times"]["in_out"] - decimal_precision)
 
             column_titles += ("Out-In", _COLORS["grey"], "Max At", _COLORS["reset"],
                         "Out-Out", "In-In", "In-Out")
-        print(fmt.format(*column_titles))
+
+        fd_sum.write(fmt.format(*column_titles) + "\n")
+
 
     def _task_stats(self):
         """calculates the stats of every task and constructs the printable summary"""
@@ -414,39 +449,53 @@ def _task_stats(self):
             self._calc_alignments_summary(align_helper)
 
     def _format_stats(self):
+        separator, fix_csv_align = _prepare_fmt_sep()
         decimal_precision, time_precision = _prepare_fmt_precision()
-        fmt = " {{:>{}d}}".format(db["task_info"]["pid"])
-        fmt += " {{:>{}d}}".format(db["task_info"]["tid"])
-        fmt += " {{:>{}}}".format(db["task_info"]["comm"])
-        fmt += " {{:>{}d}}".format(db["runtime_info"]["runs"])
-        fmt += " {{:>{}.{}f}}".format(db["runtime_info"]["acc"], time_precision)
-        fmt += " {{}}{{:>{}.{}f}}".format(db["runtime_info"]["mean"], time_precision)
-        fmt += " {{:>{}.{}f}}".format(db["runtime_info"]["median"], time_precision)
-        fmt += " {{:>{}.{}f}}".format(
-            db["runtime_info"]["min"] - decimal_precision, time_precision
-            )
-        fmt += " {{:>{}.{}f}}".format(
-            db["runtime_info"]["max"] - decimal_precision, time_precision
-            )
-        fmt += " {{}}{{:>{}.{}f}}{{}}{{}}".format(
-            db["runtime_info"]["max_at"] - time_precision, decimal_precision
+        len_pid = db["task_info"]["pid"] * fix_csv_align
+        len_tid = db["task_info"]["tid"] * fix_csv_align
+        len_comm = db["task_info"]["comm"] * fix_csv_align
+        len_runs = db["runtime_info"]["runs"] * fix_csv_align
+        len_acc = db["runtime_info"]["acc"] * fix_csv_align
+        len_mean = db["runtime_info"]["mean"] * fix_csv_align
+        len_median = db["runtime_info"]["median"] * fix_csv_align
+        len_min = (db["runtime_info"]["min"] - decimal_precision) * fix_csv_align
+        len_max = (db["runtime_info"]["max"] - decimal_precision) * fix_csv_align
+        len_max_at = (db["runtime_info"]["max_at"] - time_precision) * fix_csv_align
+        if args.summary_extended:
+            len_out_in = (
+                db["inter_times"]["out_in"] - decimal_precision
+            ) * fix_csv_align
+            len_inter_at = (
+                db["inter_times"]["inter_at"] - time_precision
+            ) * fix_csv_align
+            len_out_out = (
+                db["inter_times"]["out_out"] - decimal_precision
+            ) * fix_csv_align
+            len_in_in = (db["inter_times"]["in_in"] - decimal_precision) * fix_csv_align
+            len_in_out = (
+                db["inter_times"]["in_out"] - decimal_precision
+            ) * fix_csv_align
+
+        fmt = "{{:{}d}}".format(len_pid)
+        fmt += "{}{{:{}d}}".format(separator, len_tid)
+        fmt += "{}{{:>{}}}".format(separator, len_comm)
+        fmt += "{}{{:{}d}}".format(separator, len_runs)
+        fmt += "{}{{:{}.{}f}}".format(separator, len_acc, time_precision)
+        fmt += "{}{{}}{{:{}.{}f}}".format(separator, len_mean, time_precision)
+        fmt += "{}{{:{}.{}f}}".format(separator, len_median, time_precision)
+        fmt += "{}{{:{}.{}f}}".format(separator, len_min, time_precision)
+        fmt += "{}{{:{}.{}f}}".format(separator, len_max, time_precision)
+        fmt += "{}{{}}{{:{}.{}f}}{{}}{{}}".format(
+            separator, len_max_at, decimal_precision
         )
         if args.summary_extended:
-            fmt += " {{:>{}.{}f}}".format(
-                db["inter_times"]["out_in"] - decimal_precision, time_precision
-            )
-            fmt += " {{}}{{:>{}.{}f}}{{}}".format(
-                db["inter_times"]["inter_at"] - time_precision, decimal_precision
-            )
-            fmt += " {{:>{}.{}f}}".format(
-                db["inter_times"]["out_out"] - decimal_precision, time_precision
-            )
-            fmt += " {{:>{}.{}f}}".format(
-                db["inter_times"]["in_in"] - decimal_precision, time_precision
-            )
-            fmt += " {{:>{}.{}f}}".format(
-                db["inter_times"]["in_out"] - decimal_precision, time_precision
+            fmt += "{}{{:{}.{}f}}".format(separator, len_out_in, time_precision)
+            fmt += "{}{{}}{{:{}.{}f}}{{}}".format(
+                separator, len_inter_at, decimal_precision
             )
+            fmt += "{}{{:{}.{}f}}".format(separator, len_out_out, time_precision)
+            fmt += "{}{{:{}.{}f}}".format(separator, len_in_in, time_precision)
+            fmt += "{}{{:{}.{}f}}".format(separator, len_in_out, time_precision)
         return fmt
 
 
@@ -467,13 +516,15 @@ def _calc_alignments_summary(self, align_helper):
 
 
     def print(self):
-        print("\nSummary")
         self._task_stats()
-        self._print_header()
-        self._column_titles()
         fmt = self._format_stats()
+
+        if not args.csv_summary:
+            print("\nSummary")
+            self._print_header()
+        self._column_titles()
         for i in range(len(self._body)):
-            print(fmt.format(*tuple(self._body[i])))
+            fd_sum.write(fmt.format(*tuple(self._body[i])) + "\n")
 
 
 
@@ -531,37 +582,45 @@ def _filter_non_printable(unfiltered):
 
 
 def _fmt_header():
-    fmt = "{{:>{}}}".format(LEN_SWITCHED_IN)
-    fmt += " {{:>{}}}".format(LEN_SWITCHED_OUT)
-    fmt += " {{:>{}}}".format(LEN_CPU)
-    fmt += " {{:>{}}}".format(LEN_PID)
-    fmt += "  {{:>{}}}".format(LEN_TID)
-    fmt += "  {{:>{}}}".format(LEN_COMM)
-    fmt += " {{:>{}}}".format(LEN_RUNTIME)
-    fmt += " {{:>{}}}".format(LEN_OUT_IN)
+    separator, fix_csv_align = _prepare_fmt_sep()
+    fmt = "{{:>{}}}".format(LEN_SWITCHED_IN*fix_csv_align)
+    fmt += "{}{{:>{}}}".format(separator, LEN_SWITCHED_OUT*fix_csv_align)
+    fmt += "{}{{:>{}}}".format(separator, LEN_CPU*fix_csv_align)
+    fmt += "{}{{:>{}}}".format(separator, LEN_PID*fix_csv_align)
+    fmt += "{}{{:>{}}}".format(separator, LEN_TID*fix_csv_align)
+    fmt += "{}{{:>{}}}".format(separator, LEN_COMM*fix_csv_align)
+    fmt += "{}{{:>{}}}".format(separator, LEN_RUNTIME*fix_csv_align)
+    fmt += "{}{{:>{}}}".format(separator, LEN_OUT_IN*fix_csv_align)
     if args.extended_times:
-        fmt += " {{:>{}}}".format(LEN_OUT_OUT)
-        fmt += " {{:>{}}}".format(LEN_IN_IN)
-        fmt += " {{:>{}}}".format(LEN_IN_OUT)
+        fmt += "{}{{:>{}}}".format(separator, LEN_OUT_OUT*fix_csv_align)
+        fmt += "{}{{:>{}}}".format(separator, LEN_IN_IN*fix_csv_align)
+        fmt += "{}{{:>{}}}".format(separator, LEN_IN_OUT*fix_csv_align)
     return fmt
 
 
 def _fmt_body():
+    separator, fix_csv_align = _prepare_fmt_sep()
     decimal_precision, time_precision = _prepare_fmt_precision()
-    fmt = "{{}}{{:{}.{}f}}".format(LEN_SWITCHED_IN, decimal_precision)
-    fmt += " {{:{}.{}f}}".format(LEN_SWITCHED_OUT, decimal_precision)
-    fmt += " {{:{}d}}".format(LEN_CPU)
-    fmt += " {{:{}d}}".format(LEN_PID)
-    fmt += "  {{}}{{:{}d}}{{}}".format(LEN_TID)
-    fmt += "  {{}}{{:>{}}}".format(LEN_COMM)
-    fmt += " {{:{}.{}f}}".format(LEN_RUNTIME, time_precision)
+    fmt = "{{}}{{:{}.{}f}}".format(LEN_SWITCHED_IN*fix_csv_align, decimal_precision)
+    fmt += "{}{{:{}.{}f}}".format(
+        separator, LEN_SWITCHED_OUT*fix_csv_align, decimal_precision
+    )
+    fmt += "{}{{:{}d}}".format(separator, LEN_CPU*fix_csv_align)
+    fmt += "{}{{:{}d}}".format(separator, LEN_PID*fix_csv_align)
+    fmt += "{}{{}}{{:{}d}}{{}}".format(separator, LEN_TID*fix_csv_align)
+    fmt += "{}{{}}{{:>{}}}".format(separator, LEN_COMM*fix_csv_align)
+    fmt += "{}{{:{}.{}f}}".format(separator, LEN_RUNTIME*fix_csv_align, time_precision)
     if args.extended_times:
-        fmt += " {{:{}.{}f}}".format(LEN_OUT_IN, time_precision)
-        fmt += " {{:{}.{}f}}".format(LEN_OUT_OUT, time_precision)
-        fmt += " {{:{}.{}f}}".format(LEN_IN_IN, time_precision)
-        fmt += " {{:{}.{}f}}{{}}".format(LEN_IN_OUT, time_precision)
+        fmt += "{}{{:{}.{}f}}".format(separator, LEN_OUT_IN*fix_csv_align, time_precision)
+        fmt += "{}{{:{}.{}f}}".format(separator, LEN_OUT_OUT*fix_csv_align, time_precision)
+        fmt += "{}{{:{}.{}f}}".format(separator, LEN_IN_IN*fix_csv_align, time_precision)
+        fmt += "{}{{:{}.{}f}}{{}}".format(
+            separator, LEN_IN_OUT*fix_csv_align, time_precision
+        )
     else:
-        fmt += " {{:{}.{}f}}{{}}".format(LEN_OUT_IN, time_precision)
+        fmt += "{}{{:{}.{}f}}{{}}".format(
+            separator, LEN_OUT_IN*fix_csv_align, time_precision
+        )
     return fmt
 
 
@@ -571,7 +630,8 @@ def _print_header():
             "Time Out-In")
     if args.extended_times:
         header += ("Time Out-Out", "Time In-In", "Time In-Out")
-    print(fmt.format(*header))
+    fd_task.write(fmt.format(*header) + "\n")
+
 
 
 def _print_task_finish(task):
@@ -583,7 +643,6 @@ def _print_task_finish(task):
     in_in = -1
     in_out = -1
     fmt = _fmt_body()
-
     # depending on user provided highlight option we change the color
     # for particular tasks
     if str(task.tid) in args.highlight_tasks_map:
@@ -612,16 +671,22 @@ def _print_task_finish(task):
         out_out = timespan_gap_tid.out_out
         in_in = timespan_gap_tid.in_in
         in_out = timespan_gap_tid.in_out
+
+
     if args.extended_times:
-        print(fmt.format(c_row_set, task.time_in(), task.time_out(), task.cpu, task.pid,
-                        c_tid_set, task.tid, c_tid_reset, c_row_set, task.comm,
+        line_out = fmt.format(c_row_set, task.time_in(), task.time_out(), task.cpu,
+                        task.pid, c_tid_set, task.tid, c_tid_reset, c_row_set, task.comm,
                         task.runtime(time_unit), out_in, out_out, in_in, in_out,
-                        c_row_reset))
+                        c_row_reset) + "\n"
     else:
-        print(fmt.format(c_row_set, task.time_in(), task.time_out(), task.cpu, task.pid,
-                        c_tid_set, task.tid, c_tid_reset, c_row_set, task.comm,
-                        task.runtime(time_unit), out_in, c_row_reset))
-
+        line_out = fmt.format(c_row_set, task.time_in(), task.time_out(), task.cpu,
+                        task.pid, c_tid_set, task.tid, c_tid_reset, c_row_set, task.comm,
+                        task.runtime(time_unit), out_in, c_row_reset) + "\n"
+    try:
+        fd_task.write(line_out)
+    except(IOError):
+        # don't mangle the output if user SIGINT this script
+        sys.exit()
 
 def _record_cleanup(_list):
     """
@@ -733,10 +798,19 @@ def _argument_filter_sanity_check():
         )
     if args.time_limit and (args.summary or args.summary_only or args.summary_extended):
         sys.exit("Error: Cannot set time limit and print summary")
-
+    if args.csv_summary:
+        args.summary = True
+        if args.csv == args.csv_summary:
+            sys.exit("Error: Chosen files for csv and csv summary are the same")
+    if args.csv and (args.summary_extended or args.summary) and not args.csv_summary:
+        sys.exit("Error: No file chosen to write summary to. Choose with --csv-summary "
+        "<file>")
+    if args.csv and args.summary_only:
+        sys.exit("Error: --csv chosen and --summary-only. Standard task would not be"
+            "written to csv file.")
 
 def _argument_prepare_check():
-    global time_unit
+    global time_unit, fd_task, fd_sum
     if args.filter_tasks:
         args.filter_tasks = args.filter_tasks.split(",")
     if args.limit_to_tasks:
@@ -769,6 +843,21 @@ def _argument_prepare_check():
         time_unit = "ms"
 
 
+    fd_task = sys.stdout
+    if args.csv:
+        args.stdio_color = "never"
+        fd_task = open(args.csv, "w")
+        print("generating csv at",args.csv,)
+
+    fd_sum = sys.stdout
+    if args.csv_summary:
+        args.stdio_color = "never"
+        fd_sum = open(args.csv_summary, "w")
+        print("generating csv summary at",args.csv_summary)
+        if not args.csv:
+            args.summary_only = True
+
+
 def _is_within_timelimit(time):
     """
     Check if a time limit was given by parameter, if so ignore the rest. If not,
@@ -801,10 +890,17 @@ def _prepare_fmt_precision():
     decimal_precision = 6
     time_precision = 3
     if args.ns:
-       decimal_precision = 9
-       time_precision = 0
+     decimal_precision = 9
+     time_precision = 0
     return decimal_precision, time_precision
 
+def _prepare_fmt_sep():
+    separator = " "
+    fix_csv_align = 1
+    if args.csv or args.csv_summary:
+        separator = ";"
+        fix_csv_align = 0
+    return separator, fix_csv_align
 
 def trace_unhandled(event_name, context, event_fields_dict, perf_sample_dict):
     pass