diff --git a/Cargo.lock b/Cargo.lock
index b8d39c69a..86c57423a 100644
--- a/Cargo.lock
+++ b/Cargo.lock
@@ -364,8 +364,7 @@ dependencies = [
 [[package]]
 name = "ecdsa"
 version = "0.17.0-rc.0"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "abbc927a7e946a78fbff19c283bc5d4f8960d9000049a7e2b0d84cb2730613c4"
+source = "git+https://github.com/RustCrypto/signatures.git?rev=2adc05328a2d7fb6f62421748f8e340936d3a18d#2adc05328a2d7fb6f62421748f8e340936d3a18d"
 dependencies = [
  "der",
  "digest",
@@ -386,8 +385,7 @@ checksum = "48c757948c5ede0e46177b7add2e67155f70e33c07fea8284df6576da70b3719"
 [[package]]
 name = "elliptic-curve"
 version = "0.14.0-rc.2"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "1786d08ca7d401fcc540b2fab11ec37b224ced5a0455c451656f83d80e681ddb"
+source = "git+https://github.com/RustCrypto/traits.git?rev=2ec3e144f69af5d3836d5d2b545b36105f6d69f9#2ec3e144f69af5d3836d5d2b545b36105f6d69f9"
 dependencies = [
  "base16ct",
  "base64ct",
@@ -427,8 +425,7 @@ checksum = "37909eebbb50d72f9059c3b6d82c0463f2ff062c9e95845c43a6c9c0355411be"
 [[package]]
 name = "ff"
 version = "0.14.0-pre.0"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "d42dd26f5790eda47c1a2158ea4120e32c35ddc9a7743c98a292accc01b54ef3"
+source = "git+https://github.com/zkcrypto/ff.git?rev=8e139e2fb25ab61a5d362394af0a34b10c03d59b#8e139e2fb25ab61a5d362394af0a34b10c03d59b"
 dependencies = [
  "bitvec",
  "ff_derive",
@@ -439,8 +436,7 @@ dependencies = [
 [[package]]
 name = "ff_derive"
 version = "0.14.0-pre.0"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "9266df7c7c72e5a865a447aca13bf480d7310eaa4f84de117c33e361d4da8888"
+source = "git+https://github.com/zkcrypto/ff.git?rev=8e139e2fb25ab61a5d362394af0a34b10c03d59b#8e139e2fb25ab61a5d362394af0a34b10c03d59b"
 dependencies = [
  "addchain",
  "num-bigint 0.3.3",
diff --git a/Cargo.toml b/Cargo.toml
index 126bda128..3548c5662 100644
--- a/Cargo.toml
+++ b/Cargo.toml
@@ -17,3 +17,11 @@ members = [
 
 [profile.dev]
 opt-level = 2
+
+[patch.crates-io]
+# https://github.com/RustCrypto/signatures/pull/972
+# https://github.com/RustCrypto/traits/pull/1869
+# https://github.com/zkcrypto/ff/pull/137
+ecdsa = { git = "https://github.com/RustCrypto/signatures.git", rev = "2adc05328a2d7fb6f62421748f8e340936d3a18d" }
+elliptic-curve = { git = "https://github.com/RustCrypto/traits.git", rev = "2ec3e144f69af5d3836d5d2b545b36105f6d69f9" }
+ff = { git = "https://github.com/zkcrypto/ff.git", rev = "8e139e2fb25ab61a5d362394af0a34b10c03d59b" }
diff --git a/bign256/benches/scalar.rs b/bign256/benches/scalar.rs
index 4667a1e90..7fecb354e 100644
--- a/bign256/benches/scalar.rs
+++ b/bign256/benches/scalar.rs
@@ -8,14 +8,14 @@ use hex_literal::hex;
 
 fn test_scalar_x() -> Scalar {
     Scalar::from_repr(
-        hex!("519b423d715f8b581f4fa8ee59f4771a5b44c8130b4e3eacca54a56dda72b464").into(),
+        &hex!("519b423d715f8b581f4fa8ee59f4771a5b44c8130b4e3eacca54a56dda72b464").into(),
     )
     .unwrap()
 }
 
 fn test_scalar_y() -> Scalar {
     Scalar::from_repr(
-        hex!("0f56db78ca460b055c500064824bed999a25aaf48ebb519ac201537b85479813").into(),
+        &hex!("0f56db78ca460b055c500064824bed999a25aaf48ebb519ac201537b85479813").into(),
     )
     .unwrap()
 }
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ fn test_scalar_y() -> Scalar {
 fn bench_point_mul<M: Measurement>(group: &mut BenchmarkGroup<M>) {
     let p = ProjectivePoint::GENERATOR;
     let m = test_scalar_x();
-    let s = Scalar::from_repr(m.into()).unwrap();
+    let s = Scalar::from_repr(&m.into()).unwrap();
     group.bench_function("point-scalar mul", |b| b.iter(|| p * s));
 }
 
diff --git a/bign256/src/arithmetic/field.rs b/bign256/src/arithmetic/field.rs
index bdbd48c0d..f53123179 100644
--- a/bign256/src/arithmetic/field.rs
+++ b/bign256/src/arithmetic/field.rs
@@ -94,8 +94,8 @@ impl PrimeField for FieldElement {
     type Repr = FieldBytes;
 
     #[inline]
-    fn from_repr(bytes: FieldBytes) -> CtOption<Self> {
-        Self::from_bytes(&bytes)
+    fn from_repr(bytes: &FieldBytes) -> CtOption<Self> {
+        Self::from_bytes(bytes)
     }
 
     #[inline]
diff --git a/bign256/src/arithmetic/scalar.rs b/bign256/src/arithmetic/scalar.rs
index d12e52a22..33b513dbb 100644
--- a/bign256/src/arithmetic/scalar.rs
+++ b/bign256/src/arithmetic/scalar.rs
@@ -130,8 +130,8 @@ impl IsHigh for Scalar {
 impl PrimeField for Scalar {
     type Repr = FieldBytes;
 
-    fn from_repr(repr: Self::Repr) -> CtOption<Self> {
-        Self::from_bytes(&repr)
+    fn from_repr(repr: &Self::Repr) -> CtOption<Self> {
+        Self::from_bytes(repr)
     }
 
     fn to_repr(&self) -> Self::Repr {
diff --git a/bign256/src/ecdsa/signing.rs b/bign256/src/ecdsa/signing.rs
index 09d82b989..90a3fbb57 100644
--- a/bign256/src/ecdsa/signing.rs
+++ b/bign256/src/ecdsa/signing.rs
@@ -112,7 +112,7 @@ impl PrehashSigner<Signature> for SigningKey {
         let h = Scalar::reduce_bytes(&h_word);
 
         //2. Generate 𝑘 ← rand(1,..,𝑞-1)
-        let k = Scalar::from_repr(rfc6979::generate_k::<BeltHash, _>(
+        let k = Scalar::from_repr(&rfc6979::generate_k::<BeltHash, _>(
             &self.secret_scalar.to_repr(),
             &FieldBytesEncoding::<BignP256>::encode_field_bytes(&BignP256::ORDER),
             &h.to_bytes(),
diff --git a/bp256/src/arithmetic/field.rs b/bp256/src/arithmetic/field.rs
index e15de1833..d9880c54a 100644
--- a/bp256/src/arithmetic/field.rs
+++ b/bp256/src/arithmetic/field.rs
@@ -90,8 +90,8 @@ impl PrimeField for FieldElement {
     const DELTA: Self = Self::from_u64(121);
 
     #[inline]
-    fn from_repr(bytes: FieldBytes) -> CtOption<Self> {
-        Self::from_bytes(&bytes)
+    fn from_repr(bytes: &FieldBytes) -> CtOption<Self> {
+        Self::from_bytes(bytes)
     }
 
     #[inline]
diff --git a/bp256/src/arithmetic/scalar.rs b/bp256/src/arithmetic/scalar.rs
index c9e7eeb78..fc1e4b288 100644
--- a/bp256/src/arithmetic/scalar.rs
+++ b/bp256/src/arithmetic/scalar.rs
@@ -116,8 +116,8 @@ impl PrimeField for Scalar {
     const DELTA: Self = Self::from_u64(9);
 
     #[inline]
-    fn from_repr(bytes: FieldBytes) -> CtOption<Self> {
-        Self::from_bytes(&bytes)
+    fn from_repr(bytes: &FieldBytes) -> CtOption<Self> {
+        Self::from_bytes(bytes)
     }
 
     #[inline]
diff --git a/bp384/src/arithmetic/field.rs b/bp384/src/arithmetic/field.rs
index 3708d3bc0..04bb1c1d9 100644
--- a/bp384/src/arithmetic/field.rs
+++ b/bp384/src/arithmetic/field.rs
@@ -93,8 +93,8 @@ impl PrimeField for FieldElement {
     const DELTA: Self = Self::from_u64(9);
 
     #[inline]
-    fn from_repr(bytes: FieldBytes) -> CtOption<Self> {
-        Self::from_bytes(&bytes)
+    fn from_repr(bytes: &FieldBytes) -> CtOption<Self> {
+        Self::from_bytes(bytes)
     }
 
     #[inline]
diff --git a/bp384/src/arithmetic/scalar.rs b/bp384/src/arithmetic/scalar.rs
index afac0b560..526d64a09 100644
--- a/bp384/src/arithmetic/scalar.rs
+++ b/bp384/src/arithmetic/scalar.rs
@@ -124,8 +124,8 @@ impl PrimeField for Scalar {
     const DELTA: Self = Self::from_u64(16);
 
     #[inline]
-    fn from_repr(bytes: FieldBytes) -> CtOption<Self> {
-        Self::from_bytes(&bytes)
+    fn from_repr(bytes: &FieldBytes) -> CtOption<Self> {
+        Self::from_bytes(bytes)
     }
 
     #[inline]
diff --git a/k256/benches/ecdsa.rs b/k256/benches/ecdsa.rs
index a1891e909..72ab2805d 100644
--- a/k256/benches/ecdsa.rs
+++ b/k256/benches/ecdsa.rs
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ use std::hint::black_box;
 fn test_scalar_d() -> NonZeroScalar {
     NonZeroScalar::new(
         Scalar::from_repr(
-            [
+            &[
                 0xbb, 0x48, 0x8a, 0xef, 0x41, 0x6a, 0x41, 0xd7, 0x68, 0x0d, 0x1c, 0xf0, 0x1d, 0x70,
                 0xf5, 0x9b, 0x60, 0xd7, 0xf5, 0xf7, 0x7e, 0x30, 0xe7, 0x8b, 0x8b, 0xf9, 0xd2, 0xd8,
                 0x82, 0xf1, 0x56, 0xa6,
diff --git a/k256/benches/scalar.rs b/k256/benches/scalar.rs
index 6db9b2b25..da009e150 100644
--- a/k256/benches/scalar.rs
+++ b/k256/benches/scalar.rs
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ use std::hint::black_box;
 
 fn test_scalar_x() -> Scalar {
     Scalar::from_repr(
-        [
+        &[
             0xbb, 0x48, 0x8a, 0xef, 0x41, 0x6a, 0x41, 0xd7, 0x68, 0x0d, 0x1c, 0xf0, 0x1d, 0x70,
             0xf5, 0x9b, 0x60, 0xd7, 0xf5, 0xf7, 0x7e, 0x30, 0xe7, 0x8b, 0x8b, 0xf9, 0xd2, 0xd8,
             0x82, 0xf1, 0x56, 0xa6,
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ fn test_scalar_x() -> Scalar {
 
 fn test_scalar_y() -> Scalar {
     Scalar::from_repr(
-        [
+        &[
             0x67, 0xe2, 0xf6, 0x80, 0x71, 0xed, 0x82, 0x81, 0xe8, 0xae, 0xd6, 0xbc, 0xf1, 0xc5,
             0x20, 0x7c, 0x5e, 0x63, 0x37, 0x22, 0xd9, 0x20, 0xaf, 0xd6, 0xae, 0x22, 0xd0, 0x6e,
             0xeb, 0x80, 0x35, 0xe3,
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ fn test_scalar_y() -> Scalar {
 fn bench_point_mul<M: Measurement>(group: &mut BenchmarkGroup<'_, M>) {
     let p = ProjectivePoint::GENERATOR;
     let m = hex!("AA5E28D6A97A2479A65527F7290311A3624D4CC0FA1578598EE3C2613BF99522");
-    let s = Scalar::from_repr(m.into()).unwrap();
+    let s = Scalar::from_repr(&m.into()).unwrap();
     group.bench_function("point-scalar mul", |b| {
         b.iter(|| black_box(p) * black_box(s))
     });
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ fn bench_point_mul<M: Measurement>(group: &mut BenchmarkGroup<'_, M>) {
 fn bench_point_lincomb<M: Measurement>(group: &mut BenchmarkGroup<'_, M>) {
     let p = ProjectivePoint::GENERATOR;
     let m = hex!("AA5E28D6A97A2479A65527F7290311A3624D4CC0FA1578598EE3C2613BF99522");
-    let s = Scalar::from_repr(m.into()).unwrap();
+    let s = Scalar::from_repr(&m.into()).unwrap();
     group.bench_function("lincomb via mul+add", |b| {
         b.iter(|| black_box(p) * black_box(s) + black_box(p) * black_box(s))
     });
diff --git a/k256/src/arithmetic/field.rs b/k256/src/arithmetic/field.rs
index b44ab13e0..414b4ed74 100644
--- a/k256/src/arithmetic/field.rs
+++ b/k256/src/arithmetic/field.rs
@@ -317,8 +317,8 @@ impl PrimeField for FieldElement {
     ]));
     const DELTA: Self = Self::from_u64(9);
 
-    fn from_repr(repr: Self::Repr) -> CtOption<Self> {
-        Self::from_bytes(&repr)
+    fn from_repr(repr: &Self::Repr) -> CtOption<Self> {
+        Self::from_bytes(repr)
     }
 
     fn to_repr(&self) -> Self::Repr {
diff --git a/k256/src/arithmetic/projective.rs b/k256/src/arithmetic/projective.rs
index 24909bd25..e4750fc17 100644
--- a/k256/src/arithmetic/projective.rs
+++ b/k256/src/arithmetic/projective.rs
@@ -912,7 +912,7 @@ mod tests {
                 MUL_TEST_VECTORS
                     .iter()
                     .cloned()
-                    .map(|(k, x, y)| (Scalar::from_repr(k.into()).unwrap(), (x, y))),
+                    .map(|(k, x, y)| (Scalar::from_repr(&k.into()).unwrap(), (x, y))),
             )
         {
             let res = (generator * &k).to_affine();
diff --git a/k256/src/arithmetic/scalar.rs b/k256/src/arithmetic/scalar.rs
index bda88bd76..4a37f68fc 100644
--- a/k256/src/arithmetic/scalar.rs
+++ b/k256/src/arithmetic/scalar.rs
@@ -233,7 +233,7 @@ impl Field for Scalar {
         // TODO: pre-generate several scalars to bring the probability of non-constant-timeness down?
         loop {
             rng.try_fill_bytes(&mut bytes)?;
-            if let Some(scalar) = Scalar::from_repr(bytes).into() {
+            if let Some(scalar) = Scalar::from_repr(&bytes).into() {
                 return Ok(scalar);
             }
         }
@@ -329,8 +329,8 @@ impl PrimeField for Scalar {
     ///
     /// Returns None if the byte array does not contain a big-endian integer in the range
     /// [0, p).
-    fn from_repr(bytes: FieldBytes) -> CtOption<Self> {
-        let inner = U256::from_be_byte_array(bytes);
+    fn from_repr(bytes: &FieldBytes) -> CtOption<Self> {
+        let inner = U256::from_be_byte_array(*bytes);
         CtOption::new(Self(inner), inner.ct_lt(&Secp256k1::ORDER))
     }
 
@@ -904,7 +904,7 @@ mod tests {
         fn from(x: &BigUint) -> Self {
             debug_assert!(x < &Scalar::modulus_as_biguint());
             let bytes = biguint_to_bytes(x);
-            Self::from_repr(bytes.into()).unwrap()
+            Self::from_repr(&bytes.into()).unwrap()
         }
     }
 
@@ -1221,7 +1221,7 @@ mod tests {
     proptest! {
         #[test]
         fn fuzzy_roundtrip_to_bytes(a in scalar()) {
-            let a_back = Scalar::from_repr(a.to_bytes()).unwrap();
+            let a_back = Scalar::from_repr(&a.to_bytes()).unwrap();
             assert_eq!(a, a_back);
         }
 
diff --git a/p192/src/arithmetic/field.rs b/p192/src/arithmetic/field.rs
index f55ddbb3e..476888d4a 100644
--- a/p192/src/arithmetic/field.rs
+++ b/p192/src/arithmetic/field.rs
@@ -95,8 +95,8 @@ impl PrimeField for FieldElement {
     const DELTA: Self = Self::from_u64(121);
 
     #[inline]
-    fn from_repr(bytes: FieldBytes) -> CtOption<Self> {
-        Self::from_bytes(&bytes)
+    fn from_repr(bytes: &FieldBytes) -> CtOption<Self> {
+        Self::from_bytes(bytes)
     }
 
     #[inline]
diff --git a/p192/src/arithmetic/scalar.rs b/p192/src/arithmetic/scalar.rs
index 00e85558d..972c16553 100644
--- a/p192/src/arithmetic/scalar.rs
+++ b/p192/src/arithmetic/scalar.rs
@@ -178,8 +178,8 @@ impl PrimeField for Scalar {
     const DELTA: Self = Self::from_u64(43046721);
 
     #[inline]
-    fn from_repr(bytes: FieldBytes) -> CtOption<Self> {
-        Self::from_bytes(&bytes)
+    fn from_repr(bytes: &FieldBytes) -> CtOption<Self> {
+        Self::from_bytes(bytes)
     }
 
     #[inline]
diff --git a/p224/src/arithmetic/field.rs b/p224/src/arithmetic/field.rs
index 1025e0cc7..a68a8160c 100644
--- a/p224/src/arithmetic/field.rs
+++ b/p224/src/arithmetic/field.rs
@@ -273,8 +273,8 @@ impl PrimeField for FieldElement {
         Self::from_hex("00000000697b16135c4a62fca5c4f35ea6d5784cf3808e775aad34ec3d046867");
 
     #[inline]
-    fn from_repr(bytes: FieldBytes) -> CtOption<Self> {
-        Self::from_bytes(&bytes)
+    fn from_repr(bytes: &FieldBytes) -> CtOption<Self> {
+        Self::from_bytes(bytes)
     }
 
     #[inline]
diff --git a/p224/src/arithmetic/scalar.rs b/p224/src/arithmetic/scalar.rs
index cf7b32e73..a552076a2 100644
--- a/p224/src/arithmetic/scalar.rs
+++ b/p224/src/arithmetic/scalar.rs
@@ -173,8 +173,8 @@ impl PrimeField for Scalar {
     const DELTA: Self = Self::from_u64(16);
 
     #[inline]
-    fn from_repr(bytes: FieldBytes) -> CtOption<Self> {
-        Self::from_bytes(&bytes)
+    fn from_repr(bytes: &FieldBytes) -> CtOption<Self> {
+        Self::from_bytes(bytes)
     }
 
     #[inline]
diff --git a/p256/benches/scalar.rs b/p256/benches/scalar.rs
index 2de4d74ef..cce75a755 100644
--- a/p256/benches/scalar.rs
+++ b/p256/benches/scalar.rs
@@ -8,14 +8,14 @@ use p256::{ProjectivePoint, Scalar, elliptic_curve::group::ff::PrimeField};
 
 fn test_scalar_x() -> Scalar {
     Scalar::from_repr(
-        hex!("519b423d715f8b581f4fa8ee59f4771a5b44c8130b4e3eacca54a56dda72b464").into(),
+        &hex!("519b423d715f8b581f4fa8ee59f4771a5b44c8130b4e3eacca54a56dda72b464").into(),
     )
     .unwrap()
 }
 
 fn test_scalar_y() -> Scalar {
     Scalar::from_repr(
-        hex!("0f56db78ca460b055c500064824bed999a25aaf48ebb519ac201537b85479813").into(),
+        &hex!("0f56db78ca460b055c500064824bed999a25aaf48ebb519ac201537b85479813").into(),
     )
     .unwrap()
 }
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ fn test_scalar_y() -> Scalar {
 fn bench_point_mul<M: Measurement>(group: &mut BenchmarkGroup<'_, M>) {
     let p = ProjectivePoint::GENERATOR;
     let m = test_scalar_x();
-    let s = Scalar::from_repr(m.into()).unwrap();
+    let s = Scalar::from_repr(&m.into()).unwrap();
     group.bench_function("point-scalar mul", |b| b.iter(|| p * s));
 }
 
diff --git a/p256/src/arithmetic/field.rs b/p256/src/arithmetic/field.rs
index e62b38f53..5fa3e2464 100644
--- a/p256/src/arithmetic/field.rs
+++ b/p256/src/arithmetic/field.rs
@@ -179,8 +179,8 @@ impl PrimeField for FieldElement {
     const ROOT_OF_UNITY_INV: Self = Self::ROOT_OF_UNITY.invert_unchecked();
     const DELTA: Self = Self::from_u64(36);
 
-    fn from_repr(bytes: FieldBytes) -> CtOption<Self> {
-        Self::from_bytes(&bytes)
+    fn from_repr(bytes: &FieldBytes) -> CtOption<Self> {
+        Self::from_bytes(bytes)
     }
 
     fn to_repr(&self) -> FieldBytes {
diff --git a/p256/src/arithmetic/scalar.rs b/p256/src/arithmetic/scalar.rs
index 10c58c30e..2e8e521b6 100644
--- a/p256/src/arithmetic/scalar.rs
+++ b/p256/src/arithmetic/scalar.rs
@@ -208,7 +208,7 @@ impl Field for Scalar {
         // iterations is vanishingly small.
         loop {
             rng.try_fill_bytes(&mut bytes)?;
-            if let Some(scalar) = Scalar::from_repr(bytes).into() {
+            if let Some(scalar) = Scalar::from_repr(&bytes).into() {
                 return Ok(scalar);
             }
         }
@@ -292,8 +292,8 @@ impl PrimeField for Scalar {
     ///
     /// Returns None if the byte array does not contain a big-endian integer in the range
     /// [0, p).
-    fn from_repr(bytes: FieldBytes) -> CtOption<Self> {
-        let inner = U256::from_be_byte_array(bytes);
+    fn from_repr(bytes: &FieldBytes) -> CtOption<Self> {
+        let inner = U256::from_be_byte_array(*bytes);
         CtOption::new(Self(inner), inner.ct_lt(&NistP256::ORDER))
     }
 
@@ -736,7 +736,7 @@ mod tests {
         let mut bytes = FieldBytes::default();
         bytes[24..].copy_from_slice(k.to_be_bytes().as_ref());
 
-        let scalar = Scalar::from_repr(bytes).unwrap();
+        let scalar = Scalar::from_repr(&bytes).unwrap();
         assert_eq!(bytes, scalar.to_bytes());
     }
 
diff --git a/p384/benches/scalar.rs b/p384/benches/scalar.rs
index c53d1b1ab..67070d295 100644
--- a/p384/benches/scalar.rs
+++ b/p384/benches/scalar.rs
@@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ use hex_literal::hex;
 use p384::{ProjectivePoint, Scalar, elliptic_curve::group::ff::PrimeField};
 
 fn test_scalar_x() -> Scalar {
-    Scalar::from_repr(
+    Scalar::from_repr(&
         hex!("201b432d8df14324182d6261db3e4b3f46a8284482d52e370da41e6cbdf45ec2952f5db7ccbce3bc29449f4fb080ac97").into()
     ).unwrap()
 }
 
 fn test_scalar_y() -> Scalar {
-    Scalar::from_repr(
+    Scalar::from_repr(&
         hex!("23d9f4ea6d87b7d6163d64256e3449255db14786401a51daa7847161bf56d494325ad2ac8ba928394e01061d882c3528").into()
     ).unwrap()
 }
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ fn test_scalar_y() -> Scalar {
 fn bench_point_mul<M: Measurement>(group: &mut BenchmarkGroup<'_, M>) {
     let p = ProjectivePoint::GENERATOR;
     let m = test_scalar_x();
-    let s = Scalar::from_repr(m.into()).unwrap();
+    let s = Scalar::from_repr(&m.into()).unwrap();
     group.bench_function("point-scalar mul", |b| b.iter(|| p * s));
 }
 
diff --git a/p384/src/arithmetic/field.rs b/p384/src/arithmetic/field.rs
index cf876991a..126133568 100644
--- a/p384/src/arithmetic/field.rs
+++ b/p384/src/arithmetic/field.rs
@@ -121,8 +121,8 @@ impl PrimeField for FieldElement {
     const DELTA: Self = Self::from_u64(49);
 
     #[inline]
-    fn from_repr(bytes: FieldBytes) -> CtOption<Self> {
-        Self::from_bytes(&bytes)
+    fn from_repr(bytes: &FieldBytes) -> CtOption<Self> {
+        Self::from_bytes(bytes)
     }
 
     #[inline]
diff --git a/p384/src/arithmetic/scalar.rs b/p384/src/arithmetic/scalar.rs
index 5907e614c..4b69e7aa4 100644
--- a/p384/src/arithmetic/scalar.rs
+++ b/p384/src/arithmetic/scalar.rs
@@ -199,8 +199,8 @@ impl PrimeField for Scalar {
     const DELTA: Self = Self::from_u64(4);
 
     #[inline]
-    fn from_repr(bytes: FieldBytes) -> CtOption<Self> {
-        Self::from_bytes(&bytes)
+    fn from_repr(bytes: &FieldBytes) -> CtOption<Self> {
+        Self::from_bytes(bytes)
     }
 
     #[inline]
@@ -313,7 +313,7 @@ mod tests {
         let mut bytes = FieldBytes::default();
         bytes[40..].copy_from_slice(k.to_be_bytes().as_ref());
 
-        let scalar = Scalar::from_repr(bytes).unwrap();
+        let scalar = Scalar::from_repr(&bytes).unwrap();
         assert_eq!(bytes, scalar.to_bytes());
     }
 
diff --git a/p521/benches/scalar.rs b/p521/benches/scalar.rs
index 12a7e3cc2..64a4e9eb8 100644
--- a/p521/benches/scalar.rs
+++ b/p521/benches/scalar.rs
@@ -8,13 +8,13 @@ use p521::{ProjectivePoint, Scalar, elliptic_curve::group::ff::PrimeField};
 use std::hint::black_box;
 
 fn test_scalar_x() -> Scalar {
-    black_box(Scalar::from_repr(
+    black_box(Scalar::from_repr(&
         hex!("01d7bb864c5b5ecae019296cf9b5c63a166f5f1113942819b1933d889a96d12245777a99428f93de4fc9a18d709bf91889d7f8dddd522b4c364aeae13c983e9fae46").into()
     ).unwrap())
 }
 
 fn test_scalar_y() -> Scalar {
-    black_box(Scalar::from_repr(
+    black_box(Scalar::from_repr(&
         hex!("017e49b8ea8f9d1b7c0378e378a7a42e68e12cf78779ed41dcd29a090ae7e0f883b0d0f2cbc8f0473c0ad6732bea40d371a7f363bc6537d075bd1a4c23e558b0bc73").into()
     ).unwrap())
 }
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ fn test_scalar_y() -> Scalar {
 fn bench_point_mul<M: Measurement>(group: &mut BenchmarkGroup<'_, M>) {
     let p = ProjectivePoint::GENERATOR;
     let m = test_scalar_x();
-    let s = Scalar::from_repr(m.into()).unwrap();
+    let s = Scalar::from_repr(&m.into()).unwrap();
     group.bench_function("point-scalar mul", |b| b.iter(|| p * s));
 }
 
diff --git a/p521/src/arithmetic/field.rs b/p521/src/arithmetic/field.rs
index 5c5220eb9..e1d72a413 100644
--- a/p521/src/arithmetic/field.rs
+++ b/p521/src/arithmetic/field.rs
@@ -478,8 +478,8 @@ impl PrimeField for FieldElement {
     const DELTA: Self = Self::from_u64(9);
 
     #[inline]
-    fn from_repr(bytes: FieldBytes) -> CtOption<Self> {
-        Self::from_bytes(&bytes)
+    fn from_repr(bytes: &FieldBytes) -> CtOption<Self> {
+        Self::from_bytes(bytes)
     }
 
     #[inline]
diff --git a/p521/src/arithmetic/scalar.rs b/p521/src/arithmetic/scalar.rs
index 85f1dc11b..e22436e59 100644
--- a/p521/src/arithmetic/scalar.rs
+++ b/p521/src/arithmetic/scalar.rs
@@ -589,8 +589,8 @@ impl PrimeField for Scalar {
     const DELTA: Self = Self::from_u64(6561);
 
     #[inline]
-    fn from_repr(bytes: FieldBytes) -> CtOption<Self> {
-        Self::from_bytes(&bytes)
+    fn from_repr(bytes: &FieldBytes) -> CtOption<Self> {
+        Self::from_bytes(bytes)
     }
 
     #[inline]
diff --git a/primeorder/src/affine.rs b/primeorder/src/affine.rs
index fb64e80d1..e6c55bfec 100644
--- a/primeorder/src/affine.rs
+++ b/primeorder/src/affine.rs
@@ -132,7 +132,7 @@ where
     FieldBytes<C>: Copy,
 {
     fn decompress(x_bytes: &FieldBytes<C>, y_is_odd: Choice) -> CtOption<Self> {
-        C::FieldElement::from_repr(*x_bytes).and_then(|x| {
+        C::FieldElement::from_repr(x_bytes).and_then(|x| {
             let alpha = x * &x * &x + &(C::EQUATION_A * &x) + &C::EQUATION_B;
             let beta = alpha.sqrt();
 
@@ -182,8 +182,8 @@ where
                 Self::decompress(x, Choice::from(y_is_odd as u8))
             }
             sec1::Coordinates::Uncompressed { x, y } => {
-                C::FieldElement::from_repr(*y).and_then(|y| {
-                    C::FieldElement::from_repr(*x).and_then(|x| {
+                C::FieldElement::from_repr(y).and_then(|y| {
+                    C::FieldElement::from_repr(x).and_then(|x| {
                         let lhs = y * &y;
                         let rhs = x * &x * &x + &(C::EQUATION_A * &x) + &C::EQUATION_B;
                         CtOption::new(Self { x, y, infinity: 0 }, lhs.ct_eq(&rhs))
diff --git a/primeorder/src/dev.rs b/primeorder/src/dev.rs
index 30dcebb5e..da6865e3d 100644
--- a/primeorder/src/dev.rs
+++ b/primeorder/src/dev.rs
@@ -141,7 +141,7 @@ macro_rules! test_projective_arithmetic {
                     $mul_vectors
                         .iter()
                         .cloned()
-                        .map(|(k, x, y)| (<$scalar>::from_repr(k.into()).unwrap(), (x, y))),
+                        .map(|(k, x, y)| (<$scalar>::from_repr(&k.into()).unwrap(), (x, y))),
                 )
             {
                 let p = generator * &k;
diff --git a/sm2/src/arithmetic/field.rs b/sm2/src/arithmetic/field.rs
index 8226a8fcb..4cf699fdb 100644
--- a/sm2/src/arithmetic/field.rs
+++ b/sm2/src/arithmetic/field.rs
@@ -103,8 +103,8 @@ impl PrimeField for FieldElement {
     const DELTA: Self = Self::from_u64(169);
 
     #[inline]
-    fn from_repr(bytes: FieldBytes) -> CtOption<Self> {
-        Self::from_bytes(&bytes)
+    fn from_repr(bytes: &FieldBytes) -> CtOption<Self> {
+        Self::from_bytes(bytes)
     }
 
     #[inline]
diff --git a/sm2/src/arithmetic/scalar.rs b/sm2/src/arithmetic/scalar.rs
index 2865daaea..faa9bafa4 100644
--- a/sm2/src/arithmetic/scalar.rs
+++ b/sm2/src/arithmetic/scalar.rs
@@ -157,8 +157,8 @@ impl PrimeField for Scalar {
     const DELTA: Self = Self::from_u64(9);
 
     #[inline]
-    fn from_repr(bytes: FieldBytes) -> CtOption<Self> {
-        Self::from_bytes(&bytes)
+    fn from_repr(bytes: &FieldBytes) -> CtOption<Self> {
+        Self::from_bytes(bytes)
     }
 
     #[inline]
diff --git a/sm2/src/dsa/signing.rs b/sm2/src/dsa/signing.rs
index 107e07454..9e845270c 100644
--- a/sm2/src/dsa/signing.rs
+++ b/sm2/src/dsa/signing.rs
@@ -203,7 +203,7 @@ fn sign_prehash_rfc6979(secret_scalar: &Scalar, prehash: &[u8], data: &[u8]) ->
     let e = Scalar::reduce_bytes(FieldBytes::from_slice(prehash));
 
     // A3: pick a random number k in [1, n-1] via a random number generator
-    let k = Scalar::from_repr(rfc6979::generate_k::<Sm3, _>(
+    let k = Scalar::from_repr(&rfc6979::generate_k::<Sm3, _>(
         &secret_scalar.to_repr(),
         &FieldBytesEncoding::<Sm2>::encode_field_bytes(&Sm2::ORDER),
         &e.to_bytes(),