add more examples in working-with-text.md (length, upper/lower)

Author: S2P2

src/concepts/module-2/working-with-text.md

@@ -1,8 +1,12 @@
 # Chopping and Combining (Working with Text)
 
-Working with numbers is about calculation, but working with text—or **strings**—is about communication. The most common task you'll perform with strings is combining them to create new, more meaningful messages.
+Working with numbers is about calculation, but working with text—or **strings**—is about communication. You'll constantly need to prepare your text to be shown to a user, whether it's a welcome message, a menu item, or an error warning.
 
-This process of joining strings together is called **concatenation**. 🔗
+Let's look at the three most common ways you'll work with strings: combining them, inspecting their properties, and changing their style.
+
+### 1. Combining: "Pen Pineapple Apple Pen"
+
+The most frequent task you'll perform with strings is joining them together to create new, more meaningful messages. This process is called **concatenation**. 🔗
 
 It's like connecting two train cars to make a longer train. In many languages, you can use the same `+` symbol you used for addition to concatenate strings.
 
@@ -34,4 +38,74 @@ You got [Pen Pineapple Apple Pen](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NfuiB52K7X8)!
 
 Notice that we had to add a space `" "` in the middle. The computer is extremely literal; it only combines *exactly* what you give it. Without that space, the result would have been `"Pen PineappleApple Pen"`.
 
-This is a fundamental building block. You'll use it to create dynamic text (`"Order: " + orderItem`), generate reports, or display any kind of organized text to a user.
+### 2. Inspecting: "Is the Username Too Long?"
+
+Sometimes you don't need to change the text, but you need to get information *about* it. The most common piece of information you'll need is its **length**.
+
+This is useful for checking things like, "Is this username less than 15 characters?" or "Will this menu item name fit on the display?"
+
+<!-- langtabs-start -->
+
+```py
+# In Python, we use the len() function to get the length of a string.
+menu_item = "Extra Cheesy Supreme Pizza"
+item_length = len(menu_item)
+
+print("Menu Item:", menu_item)
+print("Character Count:", item_length)
+
+# Now we can use this information in a decision!
+if item_length > 20:
+  print("Warning: This name might be too long for the menu board!")
+
+```
+
+```js
+// In JavaScript, we use the .length property to get the length of a string.
+let menuItem = "Extra Cheesy Supreme Pizza";
+let itemLength = menuItem.length;
+
+console.log("Menu Item:", menuItem);
+console.log("Character Count:", itemLength);
+
+// Now we can use this information in a decision!
+if (itemLength > 20) {
+  console.log("Warning: This name might be too long for the menu board!");
+}
+```
+<!-- langtabs-end -->
+
+### 3. Styling: "Shouting the Daily Special"
+
+Often, you'll need to change the case of a string for formatting purposes. For example, you might want to display a heading in all capital letters or normalize user input by converting it all to lowercase.
+
+Think of it like deciding how to write something on a menu board. Do you want to SHOUT IT, or write it in normal case?
+
+<!-- langtabs-start -->
+
+```py
+daily_special = "Classic Burger with Fries"
+
+# To make a big headline for the menu board, we use .upper()
+shouted_special = daily_special.upper()
+print(shouted_special) # Displays: CLASSIC BURGER WITH FRIES
+
+# To store it in a database consistently, we might use .lower()
+normalized_special = daily_special.lower()
+print(normalized_special) # Displays: classic burger with fries
+```
+
+```js
+let dailySpecial = "Classic Burger with Fries";
+
+// To make a big headline for the menu board, we use .toUpperCase()
+let shoutedSpecial = dailySpecial.toUpperCase();
+console.log(shoutedSpecial); // Displays: CLASSIC BURGER WITH FRIES
+
+// To store it in a database consistently, we might use .toLowerCase()
+let normalizedSpecial = dailySpecial.toLowerCase();
+console.log(normalizedSpecial); // Displays: classic burger with fries
+```
+<!-- langtabs-end -->
+
+These three operations—combining, checking length, and changing case—are the essential tools in your text-handling toolkit. You'll use them constantly to build dynamic, readable, and user-friendly programs.