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# Parameter Identifiability in ODE Models
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Using ordinary differential equations for modeling real-world processes is commonplace and the problem of parameter identifiability is one of the key design challenges. We say that a parameter is identifiable if we can recover its value from experimental data. When we describe the parameter without actual data at hand is _structurally_ identifiable. In this tutorial, we will show how to use `StructuralIdentifiability.jl` with `ModelingToolkit.jl` to assess parameter identifiability.
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Using ordinary differential equations for modeling real-world processes is commonplace and the problem of parameter identifiability is one of the key design challenges. A parameter is said to be _identifiable_ if one can recover its value from experimental data. _Structurally_ identifiabiliy is a property that answers this question without needing to perform the actual measurement. In this tutorial, we will show how to use `StructuralIdentifiability.jl` with `ModelingToolkit.jl` to assess identifiability of parameters in ODE models. The theory behind `StructuralIdentifiability.jl` is presented in paper [^4].
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We will start with determining local identifiability, where a parameter is known up to finitely many values, and then proceed to determining global identifiability properties, that is, which parameters can be identified uniquely.
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We will start with determining **local identifiability**, where a parameter is known up to _finitely many values_, and then proceed to determining **global identifiability** properties, that is, which parameters can be identified _uniquely_.
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To install `StructuralIdentifiability.jl`, simply run
The package has a standalone data structure for ordinary differential equations but is also compatible with `ODESystem` type from `ModelingToolkit.jl`.
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Let's start with local identifiability!
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## Local Identifiability
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### Input System
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## Global Identifiability
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In this tutorial, let us cover an example problem of querying the ODE for globally identifiable parameters.
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In this part tutorial, let us cover an example problem of querying the ODE for globally identifiable parameters.
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### Input System
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y(t) = x_1(t)
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\end{cases}$$
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This model describes enzyme dynamics[^3]. Let us run a global identifiability check on this model. We will use the default settings: the probability of correctness will be `p=0.99` and we are interested in identifiability of all possible parameters
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We will run a global identifiability check on this enzyme dynamics[^3] model. We will use the default settings: the probability of correctness will be `p=0.99` and we are interested in identifiability of all possible parameters
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Global identifiability needs information about local identifiability first, but the function we chose here will take care of that extra step for us.
Both parameters $b, c$ are globally identifiable with probability 0.9.
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Both parameters `b, c` are globally identifiable with probability `0.9` in this case.
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[^1]:
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> R. Munoz-Tamayo, L. Puillet, J.B. Daniel, D. Sauvant, O. Martin, M. Taghipoor, P. Blavy [*Review: To be or not to be an identifiable model. Is this a relevant question in animal science modelling?*](https://doi.org/10.1017/S1751731117002774), Animal, Vol 12 (4), 701-712, 2018. The model is the ODE system (3) in Supplementary Material 2, initial conditions are assumed to be unknown.
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> Moate P.J., Boston R.C., Jenkins T.C. and Lean I.J., [*Kinetics of Ruminal Lipolysis of Triacylglycerol and Biohydrogenationof Long-Chain Fatty Acids: New Insights from Old Data*](doi:10.3168/jds.2007-0398), Journal of Dairy Science 91, 731–742, 2008
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[^3]:
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> Goodwin, B.C. [*Oscillatory behavior in enzymatic control processes*](https://doi.org/10.1016/0065-2571(65)90067-1), Advances in Enzyme Regulation, Vol 3 (C), 425-437, 1965
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> Goodwin, B.C. [*Oscillatory behavior in enzymatic control processes*](https://doi.org/10.1016/0065-2571(65)90067-1), Advances in Enzyme Regulation, Vol 3 (C), 425-437, 1965
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[^4]:
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> Dong, R., Goodbrake, C., Harrington, H. A., & Pogudin, G. [*Computing input-output projections of dynamical models with applications to structural identifiability*](https://arxiv.org/pdf/2111.00991). arXiv preprint arXiv:2111.00991.
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