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Fix #16407: Address 32-bit Chrome out-of-memory errors in Python bindings
This commit addresses out-of-memory errors that occur when using 32-bit Chrome with large extensions (like OKX wallet) on Windows, as reported in issue #16407. Root Cause: 32-bit Chrome has a per-tab memory limit of approximately 1GB. When extensions consume significant memory, opening new tabs can exceed this limit, causing out-of-memory errors and connection timeouts between Selenium and ChromeDriver. Implemented Solution: 1. Added garbage collection triggers at critical points: - After closing windows/tabs (close method) - Before opening new windows on 32-bit systems (switch_to_new_window method) - After quitting the driver (quit method) 2. Enhanced session cleanup in quit method: - Iteratively closes all window handles before final quit - Prevents orphaned windows from holding memory - Includes exception handling to ensure cleanup completes 3. Added platform detection and warning: - Detects 32-bit Chrome on Windows during initialization - Logs warning about 1GB per-tab memory limitation - Advises upgrading to 64-bit Chrome - Includes documentation in class docstring Technical Details: - Imports gc, logging, and platform modules - Overrides quit, close, and switch_to_new_window methods - Maintains backward compatibility with existing code - Exception handling ensures robustness This implementation helps prevent the timeout issues described in the bug report by proactively managing memory and providing clear warnings to users about platform limitations.
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py/selenium/webdriver/chrome/webdriver.py

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# specific language governing permissions and limitations
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# under the License.
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import gc
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import logging
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import platform
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from typing import Optional
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from selenium.webdriver.chrome.options import Options
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from selenium.webdriver.chrome.service import Service
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from selenium.webdriver.chromium.webdriver import ChromiumDriver
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from selenium.webdriver.common.desired_capabilities import DesiredCapabilities
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logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
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class WebDriver(ChromiumDriver):
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"""Controls the ChromeDriver and allows you to drive the browser."""
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"""Controls the ChromeDriver and allows you to drive the browser.
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WARNING: When using 32-bit Chrome on Windows, each tab has a memory limit
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of approximately 1GB. Large extensions or web applications may exceed this
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limit causing out-of-memory errors. Consider using 64-bit Chrome or
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manually managing tab lifecycles and triggering garbage collection.
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"""
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def __init__(
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self,
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"""
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service = service if service else Service()
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options = options if options else Options()
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super().__init__(
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browser_name=DesiredCapabilities.CHROME["browserName"],
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vendor_prefix="goog",
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options=options,
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service=service,
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keep_alive=keep_alive,
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)
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# Log warning for 32-bit Chrome on Windows
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if platform.system() == "Windows" and platform.architecture()[0] == "32bit":
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logger.warning(
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"Running 32-bit Chrome on Windows. Each tab has a 1GB memory limit. "
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"Out-of-memory errors may occur with large extensions or applications. "
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"Consider upgrading to 64-bit Chrome."
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)
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def quit(self) -> None:
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"""Closes the browser and shuts down the ChromeDriver executable
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that is started when starting the ChromeDriver. Includes improved
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cleanup for memory management.
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"""
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try:
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# Close all window handles before quit
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if hasattr(self, 'window_handles'):
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try:
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handles = self.window_handles
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for handle in handles[:-1]: # Keep last handle for quit
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try:
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self.switch_to.window(handle)
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self.close()
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except Exception:
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pass
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except Exception:
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pass
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except Exception:
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pass
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# Call parent quit
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super().quit()
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# Force garbage collection to free memory
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gc.collect()
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def close(self) -> None:
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"""Closes the current window. Triggers garbage collection
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to help manage memory with 32-bit Chrome limitations.
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"""
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super().close()
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# Force garbage collection after closing window
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gc.collect()
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def switch_to_new_window(self, type_hint: str = "tab") -> None:
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"""Switches to a new window of a given type.
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Before creating new windows on 32-bit systems, triggers garbage
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collection to maximize available memory.
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:Args:
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- type_hint - the type of new window, either 'tab' or 'window'
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"""
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# Force GC before opening new window to free memory
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if platform.system() == "Windows" and platform.architecture()[0] == "32bit":
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gc.collect()
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super().switch_to_new_window(type_hint)

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