diff --git a/.changeset/pretty-bags-cheer.md b/.changeset/pretty-bags-cheer.md
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..884970cf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.changeset/pretty-bags-cheer.md
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+---
+'@remote-dom/polyfill': patch
+'@remote-dom/core': patch
+---
+
+Fix document fragment owner document
diff --git a/packages/polyfill/source/DocumentFragment.ts b/packages/polyfill/source/DocumentFragment.ts
index 6f2e7a34..77bc33c3 100644
--- a/packages/polyfill/source/DocumentFragment.ts
+++ b/packages/polyfill/source/DocumentFragment.ts
@@ -4,5 +4,7 @@ import {ParentNode} from './ParentNode.ts';
 export class DocumentFragment extends ParentNode {
   nodeType = NodeType.DOCUMENT_FRAGMENT_NODE;
   [NAME] = '#document-fragment';
-  [OWNER_DOCUMENT] = window.document as any;
+  [OWNER_DOCUMENT] = (typeof window !== 'undefined'
+    ? window.document
+    : null) as any;
 }