periodic_table_explorer.py

import tkinter as tk
from tkinter import messagebox

# ---------------------------
# Periodic Table Data
# ---------------------------
elements = {
    1: {"symbol": "H",
        "name": "Hydrogen",
        "atomic_number": 1,
        "mass": 1.008,
        "group": 1,
        "period": 1,
        "category": "Nonmetal",
        "config": "1s1",
        "melting_point_K": 14.01,
        "boiling_point_K": 20.28,
        "density_g_per_cm3": 0.00008988,
        "electronegativity_pauling": 2.20,
        "oxidation_states": [-1, +1],
        "phase_at_STP": "Gas",
        "discovery": "Henry Cavendish (1766)",
        "color": "Colorless",
        "appearance": "Invisible gas",
        "isotopes": ["H-1", "H-2", "H-3"],
        "uses": [
            "Fuel cells",
            "Rocket fuel",
            "Ammonia production",
            "Hydrogenation of oils",
            "Coolant in power stations"
        ]},
    2: {"symbol": "He",
        "name": "Helium",
        "atomic_number": 2,
        "mass": 4.0026,
        "group": 18,
        "period": 1,
        "category": "Noble Gas",
        "config": "1s2",
        "melting_point_K": 0.95,
        "boiling_point_K": 4.22,
        "density_g_per_cm3": 0.0001785,
        "electronegativity_pauling": "None",
        "oxidation_states": [],
        "phase_at_STP": "Gas",
        "discovery": "Janssen & Lockyer (1868)",
        "color": "Colorless",
        "appearance": "Invisible gas",
        "isotopes": ["He-3", "He-4"],
        "uses": [
            "Cryogenics",
            "Balloons",
            "MRI cooling",
            "Pressurizing rocket fuel tanks"
        ]},
    3: {"symbol": "Li",
        "name": "Lithium",
        "atomic_number": 3,
        "mass": 6.94,
        "group": 1,
        "period": 2,
        "category": "Alkali Metal",
        "config": "[He] 2s1",
        "melting_point_K": 453.65,
        "boiling_point_K": 1603,
        "density_g_per_cm3": 0.534,
        "electronegativity_pauling": 0.98,
        "oxidation_states": [+1],
        "phase_at_STP": "Solid",
        "discovery": "Johan Arfwedson (1817)",
        "color": "Silvery",
        "appearance": "Soft metal",
        "isotopes": ["Li-6", "Li-7"],
        "uses": [
            "Rechargeable batteries",
            "Mood stabilizers",
            "Alloys",
            "Fusion research"
        ]},
    4: {"symbol": "Be",
        "name": "Beryllium",
        "atomic_number": 4,
        "mass": 9.0122,
        "group": 2,
        "period": 2,
        "category": "Alkaline Earth Metal",
        "config": "[He] 2s2",
        "melting_point_K": 1560,
        "boiling_point_K": 2742,
        "density_g_per_cm3": 1.85,
        "electronegativity_pauling": 1.57,
        "oxidation_states": [+2],
        "phase_at_STP": "Solid",
        "discovery": "Louis-Nicolas Vauquelin (1798)",
        "color": "Gray",
        "appearance": "Hard brittle metal",
        "isotopes": ["Be-9"],
        "uses": [
            "Aerospace",
            "Nuclear reactors",
            "X-ray windows"
        ]},
    5: {"symbol": "B",
        "name": "Boron",
        "atomic_number": 5,
        "mass": 10.81,
        "group": 13,
        "period": 2,
        "category": "Metalloid",
        "config": "[He] 2s2 2p1",
        "melting_point_K": 2349,
        "boiling_point_K": 4200,
        "density_g_per_cm3": 2.34,
        "electronegativity_pauling": 2.04,
        "oxidation_states": [+3],
        "phase_at_STP": "Solid",
        "discovery": "Gay-Lussac & Thénard (1808)",
        "color": "Black-brown",
        "appearance": "Hard crystalline solid",
        "isotopes": ["B-10", "B-11"],
        "uses": [
            "Borosilicate glass",
            "Semiconductors",
            "Detergents",
            "Fiberglass"
        ]},
    6: { "symbol": "C",
        "name": "Carbon",
        "atomic_number": 6,
        "mass": 12.011,
        "group": 14,
        "period": 2,
        "category": "Nonmetal",
        "config": "[He] 2s2 2p2",
        "melting_point_K": 3823,
        "boiling_point_K": 4300,
        "density_g_per_cm3": 2.267,
        "electronegativity_pauling": 2.55,
        "oxidation_states": [-4, +4],
        "phase_at_STP": "Solid",
        "discovery": "Ancient",
        "color": "Black (graphite), transparent (diamond)",
        "appearance": "Varies by allotrope",
        "isotopes": ["C-12", "C-13", "C-14"],
        "uses": [
            "Steel production",
            "Electronics",
            "Fuel",
            "Organic chemistry"
        ]},
    7: { "symbol": "N",
        "name": "Nitrogen",
        "atomic_number": 7,
        "mass": 14.007,
        "group": 15,
        "period": 2,
        "category": "Nonmetal",
        "config": "[He] 2s2 2p3",
        "melting_point_K": 63.15,
        "boiling_point_K": 77.36,
        "density_g_per_cm3": 0.001251,
        "electronegativity_pauling": 3.04,
        "oxidation_states": [-3, +5],
        "phase_at_STP": "Gas",
        "discovery": "Daniel Rutherford (1772)",
        "color": "Colorless",
        "appearance": "Invisible gas",
        "isotopes": ["N-14", "N-15"],
        "uses": [
            "Fertilizers",
            "Cryogenics",
            "Explosives",
            "Food packaging"
        ]},
    8: {"symbol": "O",
        "name": "Oxygen",
        "atomic_number": 8,
        "mass": 15.999,
        "group": 16,
        "period": 2,
        "category": "Nonmetal",
        "config": "[He] 2s2 2p4",
        "melting_point_K": 54.36,
        "boiling_point_K": 90.20,
        "density_g_per_cm3": 0.001429,
        "electronegativity_pauling": 3.44,
        "oxidation_states": [-2],
        "phase_at_STP": "Gas",
        "discovery": "Priestley & Scheele (1774)",
        "color": "Colorless",
        "appearance": "Invisible gas",
        "isotopes": ["O-16", "O-17", "O-18"],
        "uses": [
            "Breathing",
            "Steelmaking",
            "Water treatment"
        ]},
    9: { "symbol": "F",
        "name": "Fluorine",
        "atomic_number": 9,
        "mass": 18.998,
        "group": 17,
        "period": 2,
        "category": "Halogen",
        "config": "1s2 2s2 2p5",
        "melting_point_K": 53.48,
        "boiling_point_K": 85.03,
        "density_g_per_cm3": 0.001696,
        "electronegativity_pauling": 3.98,
        "oxidation_states": [-1],
        "phase_at_STP": "Gas",
        "discovery": "Henri Moissan (1886)",
        "color": "Pale yellow",
        "appearance": "Gas",
        "isotopes": ["F-19"],
        "uses": [
            "Teflon",
            "Water fluoridation",
            "Nuclear fuel processing"
        ]},
    10:{"symbol": "Ne",
        "name": "Neon",
        "atomic_number": 10,
        "mass": 20.180,
        "group": 18,
        "period": 2,
        "category": "Noble Gas",
        "config": "1s2 2s2 2p6",
        "melting_point_K": 24.56,
        "boiling_point_K": 27.07,
        "density_g_per_cm3": 0.0008999,
        "electronegativity_pauling": "None",
        "oxidation_states": [],
        "phase_at_STP": "Gas",
        "discovery": "Ramsay & Travers (1898)",
        "color": "Colorless",
        "appearance": "Invisible gas",
        "isotopes": ["Ne-20", "Ne-21", "Ne-22"],
        "uses": [
            "Neon signs",
            "Lasers",
            "High-voltage indicators"
        ]},
    11:{"symbol": "Na",
        "name": "Sodium",   
        "atomic_number": 11,
        "mass": 22.990,
        "group": 1,
        "period": 3,
        "category": "Alkali Metal",
        "config": "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s1",
        "melting_point_K": 370.87,
        "boiling_point_K": 1156,
        "density_g_per_cm3": 0.971,
        "electronegativity_pauling": 0.93,
        "oxidation_states": [+1],
        "phase_at_STP": "Solid",
        "discovery": "Humphry Davy (1807)",
        "color": "Silvery white",
        "appearance": "Soft metal",
        "isotopes": ["Na-23"],
        "uses": [
            "Table salt",
            "Street lighting",
            "Coolant in nuclear reactors"
        ]},
    12:{"symbol": "Mg",
        "name": "Magnesium",
        "atomic_number": 12,
        "mass": 24.305,
        "group": 2,
        "period": 3,
        "category": "Alkaline Earth Metal",
        "config": "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2",
        "melting_point_K": 923,
        "boiling_point_K": 1363,
        "density_g_per_cm3": 1.738,
        "electronegativity_pauling": 1.31,
        "oxidation_states": [+2],
        "phase_at_STP": "Solid",
        "discovery": "Joseph Black (1755)",
        "color": "Silvery white",
        "appearance": "Lightweight metal",
        "isotopes": ["Mg-24", "Mg-25", "Mg-26"],
        "uses": [   
            "Alloys",
            "Aerospace",
            "Fireworks",
            "Medicine"
        ]},
    13:{"symbol": "Al",
        "name": "Aluminum", 
        "atomic_number": 13,
        "mass": 26.982,
        "group": 13,
        "period": 3,
        "category": "Post-transition Metal",
        "config": "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p1",
        "melting_point_K": 933.47,
        "boiling_point_K": 2792,
        "density_g_per_cm3": 2.70,
        "electronegativity_pauling": 1.61,
        "oxidation_states": [+3],
        "phase_at_STP": "Solid",
        "discovery": "Hans Christian Ørsted (1825)",
        "color": "Silvery white",
        "appearance": "Lightweight metal",
        "isotopes": ["Al-27"],
        "uses": [
            "Packaging",
            "Aerospace",
            "Construction",
            "Transportation"
        ]},
    14:{"symbol": "Si",
        "name": "Silicon",
        "atomic_number": 14,
        "mass": 28.085,
        "group": 14,
        "period": 3,
        "category": "Metalloid",
        "config": "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p2",
        "melting_point_K": 1687,
        "boiling_point_K": 3538,
        "density_g_per_cm3": 2.33,
        "electronegativity_pauling": 1.90,
        "oxidation_states": [-4, +4],
        "phase_at_STP": "Solid",
        "discovery": "Jöns Jacob Berzelius (1824)",
        "color": "Gray",
        "appearance": "Crystalline solid",
        "isotopes": ["Si-28", "Si-29", "Si-30"],
        "uses": [
            "Semiconductors",
            "Solar cells",
            "Glass production",
            "Ceramics"
        ]},
    15:{"symbol": "P",
        "name": "Phosphorus",   
        "atomic_number": 15,
        "mass": 30.974,
        "group": 15,
        "period": 3,
        "category": "Nonmetal",
        "config": "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p3",
        "melting_point_K": 317.30,
        "boiling_point_K": 553.65,
        "density_g_per_cm3": 1.823,
        "electronegativity_pauling": 2.19,
        "oxidation_states": [-3, +5],
        "phase_at_STP": "Solid",
        "discovery": "Hennig Brand (1669)",
        "color": "White, red, black",
        "appearance": "Varies by allotrope",
        "isotopes": ["P-31"],
        "uses": [
            "Fertilizers",
            "Matches",
            "Detergents",
            "Pesticides"
        ]},
    16:{"symbol": "S",
        "name": "Sulfur",
        "atomic_number": 16,
        "mass": 32.06,
        "group": 16,
        "period": 3,
        "category": "Nonmetal",
        "config": "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p4",
        "melting_point_K": 388.36,
        "boiling_point_K": 717.75,
        "density_g_per_cm3": 2.07,
        "electronegativity_pauling": 2.58,
        "oxidation_states": [-2, +6],
        "phase_at_STP": "Solid",
        "discovery": "Ancient",
        "color": "Yellow",
        "appearance": "Crystalline solid",
        "isotopes": ["S-32", "S-33", "S-34", "S-36"],
        "uses": [
            "Sulfuric acid production",
            "Fertilizers",
            "Vulcanization of rubber",
            "Pharmaceuticals"
        ]},
    17:{"symbol": "Cl",
        "name": "Chlorine",
        "atomic_number": 17,
        "mass": 35.45,
        "group": 17,
        "period": 3,
        "category": "Halogen",
        "config": "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p5",
        "melting_point_K": 171.6,
        "boiling_point_K": 239.11,
        "density_g_per_cm3": 0.003214,
        "electronegativity_pauling": 3.16,
        "oxidation_states": [-1, +7],
        "phase_at_STP": "Gas",
        "discovery": "Carl Wilhelm Scheele (1774)",
        "color": "Greenish-yellow",
        "appearance": "Gas",
        "isotopes": ["Cl-35", "Cl-37"],
        "uses": [
            "Water disinfection",
            "Bleach production",
            "PVC manufacturing",
            "Solvents"
        ]},
    18:{"symbol": "Ar", 
        "name": "Argon",
        "atomic_number": 18,
        "mass": 39.948,
        "group": 18,
        "period": 3,
        "category": "Noble Gas",
        "config": "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6",
        "melting_point_K": 83.81,
        "boiling_point_K": 87.30,
        "density_g_per_cm3": 0.0017837,
        "electronegativity_pauling": "None",
        "oxidation_states": [],
        "phase_at_STP": "Gas",
        "discovery": "Lord Rayleigh & Sir William Ramsay (1894)",
        "color": "Colorless",
        "appearance": "Invisible gas",
        "isotopes": ["Ar-36", "Ar-38", "Ar-40"],
        "uses": [
            "Welding",
            "Lighting",
            "Preserving historical documents"
        ]}, 
    19:{"symbol": "K",
        "name": "Potassium",
        "atomic_number": 19,
        "mass": 39.098,
        "group": 1,
        "period": 4,
        "category": "Alkali Metal",
        "config": "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s1",
        "melting_point_K": 336.53,      
        "boiling_point_K": 1032,
        "density_g_per_cm3": 0.862,
        "electronegativity_pauling": 0.82,
        "oxidation_states": [+1],
        "phase_at_STP": "Solid",
        "discovery": "Humphry Davy (1807)",
        "color": "Silvery gray",
        "appearance": "Soft metal",
        "isotopes": ["K-39", "K-40", "K-41"],
        "uses": [
            "Fertilizers",
            "Soap production",
            "Food processing"
        ]},
    20:{"symbol": "Ca",
        "name": "Calcium",
        "atomic_number": 20,
        "mass": 40.078,
        "group": 2,
        "period": 4,
        "category": "Alkaline Earth Metal",
        "config": "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2",
        "melting_point_K": 1115,
        "boiling_point_K": 1757,
        "density_g_per_cm3": 1.55,
        "electronegativity_pauling": 1.00,
        "oxidation_states": [+2],
        "phase_at_STP": "Solid",
        "discovery": "Humphry Davy (1808)",
        "color": "Silvery gray",
        "appearance": "Soft metal",
        "isotopes": ["Ca-40", "Ca-42", "Ca-43", "Ca-44", "Ca-46", "Ca-48"],
        "uses": [
            "Construction (cement, concrete)",
            "Dietary supplement",
            "Steelmaking",
            "Water treatment"
        ]},
    21:{"symbol": "Sc",
        "name": "Scandium",
        "atomic_number": 21,
        "mass": 44.956,
        "group": 3,
        "period": 4,
        "category": "Transition Metal",
        "config": "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d1 4s2",
        "melting_point_K": 1814,
        "boiling_point_K": 3109,
        "density_g_per_cm3": 2.985,
        "electronegativity_pauling": 1.36,
        "oxidation_states": [+3],
        "phase_at_STP": "Solid",
        "discovery": "Lars Fredrik Nilson (1879)",
        "color": "Silvery white",
        "appearance": "Soft metal",
        "isotopes": ["Sc-45"],
        "uses": [
            "Aerospace components",
            "Sports equipment",
            "Alloys"
        ]},
    22:{"symbol": "Ti",
        "name": "Titanium",
        "atomic_number": 22,
        "mass": 47.867,
        "group": 4,
        "period": 4,
        "category": "Transition Metal",
        "config": "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d2 4s2",
        "melting_point_K": 1941,
        "boiling_point_K": 3560,
        "density_g_per_cm3": 4.506,
        "electronegativity_pauling": 1.54,
        "oxidation_states": [+4],
        "phase_at_STP": "Solid",
        "discovery": "William Gregor (1791)",
        "color": "Silvery gray",
        "appearance": "Strong, lightweight metal",
        "isotopes": ["Ti-46", "Ti-47", "Ti-48", "Ti-49", "Ti-50"],
        "uses": [
            "Aerospace",
            "Medical implants",
            "Sports equipment",
            "Pigments"
        ]},
    23:{"symbol": "V",
        "name": "Vanadium", 
        "atomic_number": 23,
        "mass": 50.941,
        "group": 5,
        "period": 4,
        "category": "Transition Metal",
        "config": "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d3 4s2",
        "melting_point_K": 2183,
        "boiling_point_K": 3680,
        "density_g_per_cm3": 6.11,
        "electronegativity_pauling": 1.63,
        "oxidation_states": [+2, +3, +4, +5],
        "phase_at_STP": "Solid",
        "discovery": "Andrés Manuel del Río (1801)",
        "color": "Silvery gray",
        "appearance": "Hard, ductile metal",
        "isotopes": ["V-50", "V-51"],
        "uses": [
            "Steel alloys",
            "Aerospace components",
            "Chemical catalysts"
        ]},
    24:{"symbol": "Cr", 
        "name": "Chromium",
        "atomic_number": 24,
        "mass": 51.996,
        "group": 6,
        "period": 4,
        "category": "Transition Metal",
        "config": "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d5 4s1",
        "melting_point_K": 2180,
        "boiling_point_K": 2944,
        "density_g_per_cm3": 7.19,
        "electronegativity_pauling": 1.66,
        "oxidation_states": [+2, +3, +6],
        "phase_at_STP": "Solid",
        "discovery": "Louis Nicolas Vauquelin (1797)",
        "color": "Silvery metallic",
        "appearance": "Hard, lustrous metal",
        "isotopes": ["Cr-50", "Cr-52", "Cr-53", "Cr-54"],
        "uses": [
            "Stainless steel",
            "Plating",
            "Pigments",
            "Refractory materials"
        ]}, 
    25:{"symbol": "Mn",
        "name": "Manganese",
        "atomic_number": 25,
        "mass": 54.938,
        "group": 7,
        "period": 4,
        "category": "Transition Metal",
        "config": "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d5 4s2",
        "melting_point_K": 1519,
        "boiling_point_K": 2334,
        "density_g_per_cm3": 7.21,
        "electronegativity_pauling": 1.55,
        "oxidation_states": [+2, +3, +4, +6, +7],
        "phase_at_STP": "Solid",
        "discovery": "Johann Gottlieb Gahn (1774)",
        "color": "Silvery metallic",
        "appearance": "Hard, brittle metal",
        "isotopes": ["Mn-55"],
        "uses": [
            "Steel production",
            "Batteries",
            "Pigments",
            "Fertilizers"
        ]},
    26:{"symbol": "Fe",
        "name": "Iron",
        "atomic_number": 26,
        "mass": 55.845,
        "group": 8,
        "period": 4,
        "category": "Transition Metal",
        "config": "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d6 4s2",
        "melting_point_K": 1811,
        "boiling_point_K": 3134,
        "density_g_per_cm3": 7.874,
        "electronegativity_pauling": 1.83,
        "oxidation_states": [+2, +3],
        "phase_at_STP": "Solid",
        "discovery": "Ancient",
        "color": "Silvery gray",
        "appearance": "Ductile metal",
        "isotopes": ["Fe-54", "Fe-56", "Fe-57", "Fe-58"],
        "uses": [
            "Construction (steel)",
            "Machinery",
            "Transportation",
            "Tools"
        ]},
    27:{"symbol": "Co",
        "name": "Cobalt",   
        "atomic_number": 27,
        "mass": 58.933,
        "group": 9,
        "period": 4,
        "category": "Transition Metal",
        "config": "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d7 4s2",
        "melting_point_K": 1768,
        "boiling_point_K": 3200,
        "density_g_per_cm3": 8.90,
        "electronegativity_pauling": 1.88,
        "oxidation_states": [+2, +3],
        "phase_at_STP": "Solid",
        "discovery": "Georg Brandt (1735)",
        "color": "Silvery blue",
        "appearance": "Hard, lustrous metal",
        "isotopes": ["Co-59"],
        "uses": [
            "Alloys",   
            "Batteries",
            "Catalysts",
            "Medical implants"
        ]},
    28:{"symbol": "Ni",
        "name": "Nickel",
        "atomic_number": 28,
        "mass": 58.693,
        "group": 10,
        "period": 4,
        "category": "Transition Metal",
        "config": "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d8 4s2",
        "melting_point_K": 1728,
        "boiling_point_K": 3186,
        "density_g_per_cm3": 8.908,
        "electronegativity_pauling": 1.91,
        "oxidation_states": [+2, +3],
        "phase_at_STP": "Solid",
        "discovery": "Axel Fredrik Cronstedt (1751)",
        "color": "Silvery white",
        "appearance": "Hard, ductile metal",
        "isotopes": ["Ni-58", "Ni-60", "Ni-61", "Ni-62", "Ni-64"],
        "uses": [
            "Stainless steel",
            "Batteries",
            "Coins",
            "Catalysts"
        ]}, 
    29:{"symbol": "Cu",
        "name": "Copper",
        "atomic_number": 29,
        "mass": 63.546,
        "group": 11,
        "period": 4,
        "category": "Transition Metal",
        "config": "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s1",
        "melting_point_K": 1357.77, 
        "boiling_point_K": 2835,
        "density_g_per_cm3": 8.96,
        "electronegativity_pauling": 1.90,
        "oxidation_states": [+1, +2],
        "phase_at_STP": "Solid",
        "discovery": "Ancient",
        "color": "Reddish brown",
        "appearance": "Ductile metal",
        "isotopes": ["Cu-63", "Cu-65"],
        "uses": [
            "Electrical wiring",
            "Plumbing",
            "Coins",
            "Alloys (bronze, brass)"
        ]},
    30:{"symbol": "Zn",
        "name": "Zinc",
        "atomic_number": 30,
        "mass": 65.38,
        "group": 12,
        "period": 4,
        "category": "Transition Metal",
        "config": "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2",
        "melting_point_K": 692.68,
        "boiling_point_K": 1180,
        "density_g_per_cm3": 7.14,
        "electronegativity_pauling": 1.65,
        "oxidation_states": [+2],
        "phase_at_STP": "Solid",
        "discovery": "Andreas Marggraf (1746)",
        "color": "Bluish-silver",
        "appearance": "Brittle metal",
        "isotopes": ["Zn-64", "Zn-66", "Zn-67", "Zn-68", "Zn-70"],
        "uses": [
            "Galvanization",
            "Alloys (brass)",
            "Batteries",
            "Die-casting"
        ]},
    31:{"symbol": "Ga",
        "name": "Gallium",  
        "atomic_number": 31,
        "mass": 69.723,
        "group": 13,
        "period": 4,
        "category": "Post-transition Metal",
        "config": "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p1",
        "melting_point_K": 302.91,
        "boiling_point_K": 2477,
        "density_g_per_cm3": 5.91,
        "electronegativity_pauling": 1.81,
        "oxidation_states": [+3],
        "phase_at_STP": "Solid",
        "discovery": "Paul-Émile Lecoq de Boisbaudran (1875)",
        "color": "Silvery blue",
        "appearance": "Soft metal",
        "isotopes": ["Ga-69", "Ga-71"],
        "uses": [
            "Semiconductors",
            "LEDs",
            "Solar cells",
            "Thermometers"
        ]},
    32:{"symbol": "Ge",
        "name": "Germanium",
        "atomic_number": 32,
        "mass": 72.630,
        "group": 14,
        "period": 4,
        "category": "Metalloid",
        "config": "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p2",
        "melting_point_K": 1211.40,
        "boiling_point_K": 3106,
        "density_g_per_cm3": 5.323,
        "electronegativity_pauling": 2.01,
        "oxidation_states": [+4],
        "phase_at_STP": "Solid",
        "discovery": "Clemens Winkler (1886)",
        "color": "Grayish-white",
        "appearance": "Brittle metalloid",
        "isotopes": ["Ge-70", "Ge-72", "Ge-73", "Ge-74", "Ge-76"],
        "uses": [
            "Semiconductors",
            "Fiber optics",
            "Infrared optics",
            "Solar cells"
        ]},
    33:{"symbol": "As",
        "name": "Arsenic",
        "atomic_number": 33,
        "mass": 74.922,
        "group": 15,
        "period": 4,
        "category": "Metalloid",
        "config": "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p3",
        "melting_point_K": 1090,
        "boiling_point_K": 887,
        "density_g_per_cm3": 5.72,
        "electronegativity_pauling": 2.18,
        "oxidation_states": [-3, +3, +5],
        "phase_at_STP": "Solid",
        "discovery": "Albertus Magnus (1250)",
        "color": "Gray, yellow, black",
        "appearance": "Brittle metalloid",
        "isotopes": ["As-75"],
        "uses": [
            "Semiconductors",
            "Wood preservatives",
            "Alloys",
            "Pesticides"
        ]},
    34:{"symbol": "Se",
        "name": "Selenium",
        "atomic_number": 34,
        "mass": 78.971,
        "group": 16,
        "period": 4,
        "category": "Nonmetal",
        "config": "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p4",
        "melting_point_K": 494,
        "boiling_point_K": 958,
        "density_g_per_cm3": 4.81,
        "electronegativity_pauling": 2.55,
        "oxidation_states": [-2, +4, +6],
        "phase_at_STP": "Solid",
        "discovery": "Jöns Jacob Berzelius (1817)",
        "color": "Gray, red, black",
        "appearance": "Varies by allotrope",
        "isotopes": ["Se-74", "Se-76", "Se-77", "Se-78", "Se-80", "Se-82"],
        "uses": [
            "Photovoltaics",
            "Glass production",
            "Pigments",
            "Electronics"
        ]},
    35:{"symbol": "Br",
        "name": "Bromine",
        "atomic_number": 35,
        "mass": 79.904,
        "group": 17,
        "period": 4,
        "category": "Halogen",
        "config": "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p5",
        "melting_point_K": 265.8,
        "boiling_point_K": 332.0,
        "density_g_per_cm3": 3.1028,
        "electronegativity_pauling": 2.96,
        "oxidation_states": [-1, +1, +3, +5, +7],
        "phase_at_STP": "Liquid",
        "discovery": "Antoine Jérôme Balard (1826)",
        "color": "Reddish-brown",
        "appearance": "Volatile liquid",
        "isotopes": ["Br-79", "Br-81"],
        "uses": [
            "Flame retardants",
            "Water treatment",
            "Photography",
            "Pesticides"
        ]},
    36:{"symbol": "Kr",
        "name": "Krypton",
        "atomic_number": 36,
        "mass": 83.798,
        "group": 18,
        "period": 4,
        "category": "Noble Gas",
        "config": "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6",
        "melting_point_K": 115.79,
        "boiling_point_K": 119.93,
        "density_g_per_cm3": 0.003733,
        "electronegativity_pauling": "None",
        "oxidation_states": [],
        "phase_at_STP": "Gas",  
        "discovery": "Sir William Ramsay & Morris W. Travers (1898)",
        "color": "Colorless",
        "appearance": "Invisible gas",
        "isotopes": ["Kr-78", "Kr-80", "Kr-82", "Kr-83", "Kr-84", "Kr-86"],
        "uses": [
            "Lighting",
            "Lasers",
            "Insulation"
        ]},
    37:{"symbol": "Rb",
        "name": "Rubidium",
        "atomic_number": 37,
        "mass": 85.467,
        "group": 1,
        "period": 5,
        "category": "Alkali Metal",
        "config": "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 5s1",
        "melting_point_K": 312.46,
        "boiling_point_K": 961,
        "density_g_per_cm3": 1.532,
        "electronegativity_pauling": 0.82,
        "oxidation_states": [+1],
        "phase_at_STP": "Solid",
        "discovery": "Robert Bunsen & Gustav Kirchhoff (1861)",
        "color": "Silvery white",
        "appearance": "Soft metal",
        "isotopes": ["Rb-85", "Rb-87"],
        "uses": [
            "Atomic clocks",
            "Research",
            "Specialty glasses"
        ]}, 
    38:{"symbol": "Sr",
        "name": "Strontium",
        "atomic_number": 38,
        "mass": 87.62,
        "group": 2,
        "period": 5,
        "category": "Alkaline Earth Metal",
        "config": "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 5s2",
        "melting_point_K": 1050,
        "boiling_point_K": 1655,
        "density_g_per_cm3": 2.64,
        "electronegativity_pauling": 0.95,
        "oxidation_states": [+2],
        "phase_at_STP": "Solid",
        "discovery": "Adair Crawford (1790)",
        "color": "Silvery yellow",
        "appearance": "Soft metal",
        "isotopes": ["Sr-84", "Sr-86", "Sr-87", "Sr-88"],
        "uses": [
            "Fireworks",
            "Flares",
            "Ceramics",
            "Medical applications"
        ]},
    39:{"symbol": "Y",
        "name": "Yttrium",
        "atomic_number": 39,
        "mass": 88.906,
        "group": 3,
        "period": 5,
        "category": "Transition Metal",
        "config": "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d1 5s2",
        "melting_point_K": 1799,
        "boiling_point_K": 3203,
        "density_g_per_cm3": 4.47,
        "electronegativity_pauling": 1.22,
        "oxidation_states": [+3],
        "phase_at_STP": "Solid",
        "discovery": "Johan Gadolin (1794)",
        "color": "Silvery metallic",
        "appearance": "Soft metal",
        "isotopes": ["Y-89"],
        "uses": [
            "Electronics",
            "LEDs",
            "Phosphors",
            "Alloys"
        ]},
    40:{"symbol": "Zr",
        "name": "Zirconium",
        "atomic_number": 40,
        "mass": 91.224,
        "group": 4,
        "period": 5,
        "category": "Transition Metal",
        "config": "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d2 5s2",
        "melting_point_K": 2128,
        "boiling_point_K": 4682,
        "density_g_per_cm3": 6.52,
        "electronegativity_pauling": 1.33,
        "oxidation_states": [+4],
        "phase_at_STP": "Solid",
        "discovery": "Martin Heinrich Klaproth (1789)",
        "color": "Silvery gray",
        "appearance": "Strong, ductile metal",
        "isotopes": ["Zr-90", "Zr-91", "Zr-92", "Zr-94", "Zr-96"],
        "uses": [
            "Nuclear reactors",
            "Aerospace",
            "Chemical processing equipment",
            "Jewelry"
        ]},
    41:{"symbol": "Nb",
        "name": "Niobium",
        "atomic_number": 41,
        "mass": 92.906,
        "group": 5,
        "period": 5,
        "category": "Transition Metal",
        "config": "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d4 5s1",
        "melting_point_K": 2750,
        "boiling_point_K": 5017,
        "density_g_per_cm3": 8.57,
        "electronegativity_pauling": 1.6,
        "oxidation_states": [+3, +5],
        "phase_at_STP": "Solid",
        "discovery": "Charles Hatchett (1801)",
        "color": "Grayish metallic",
        "appearance": "Ductile metal",
        "isotopes": ["Nb-93"],
        "uses": [
            "Superalloys",
            "Steel production",
            "Electronics",
            "Medical devices"
        ]},
    42:{"symbol": "Mo",
        "name": "Molybdenum",
        "atomic_number": 42,
        "mass": 95.95,
        "group": 6,
        "period": 5,
        "category": "Transition Metal",
        "config": "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d5 5s1",
        "melting_point_K": 2896,
        "boiling_point_K": 4912,
        "density_g_per_cm3": 10.28,
        "electronegativity_pauling": 2.16,
        "oxidation_states": [+2, +3, +4, +5, +6],
        "phase_at_STP": "Solid",
        "discovery": "Carl Wilhelm Scheele (1778)",
        "color": "Silvery gray",
        "appearance": "Hard, ductile metal",
        "isotopes": ["Mo-92", "Mo-94", "Mo-95", "Mo-96", "Mo-97", "Mo-98", "Mo-100"],
        "uses": [
            "Alloys",
            "Catalysts",
            "Electronics",
            "Lubricants"
        ]},
    43:{"symbol": "Tc",
        "name": "Technetium",   
        "atomic_number": 43,
        "mass": 98,
        "group": 7,
        "period": 5,
        "category": "Transition Metal",
        "config": "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d5 5s2",
        "melting_point_K": 2430,
        "boiling_point_K": 4538,
        "density_g_per_cm3": 11.5,
        "electronegativity_pauling": 1.9,
        "oxidation_states": [+4, +6, +7],
        "phase_at_STP": "Solid",
        "discovery": "Carlo Perrier & Emilio Segrè (1937)",
        "color": "Silvery gray",
        "appearance": "Brittle metal",
        "isotopes": ["Tc-97", "Tc-98", "Tc-99", "Tc-100"],
        "uses": [
            "Medical imaging",
            "Industrial radiography"
        ]},
    44:{"symbol": "Ru",
        "name": "Ruthenium",
        "atomic_number": 44,
        "mass": 101.07,
        "group": 8,
        "period": 5,

        "category": "Transition Metal",
        "config": "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d7 5s1",
        "melting_point_K": 2607,
        "boiling_point_K": 4423,
        "density_g_per_cm3": 12.45,
        "electronegativity_pauling": 2.2,
        "oxidation_states": [+2, +3, +4, +6, +8],
        "phase_at_STP": "Solid",
        "discovery": "Karl Ernst Claus (1844)",
        "color": "Silvery white",
        "appearance": "Hard, brittle metal",
        "isotopes": ["Ru-96", "Ru-98", "Ru-99", "Ru-100", "Ru-101", "Ru-102", "Ru-104"],
        "uses": [
            "Electronics",
            "Catalysts",
            "Alloys",
            "Electrical contacts"
        ]},
    45:{"symbol": "Rh",
        "name": "Rhodium",
        "atomic_number": 45,
        "mass": 102.905,
        "group": 9,
        "period": 5,
        "category": "Transition Metal",
        "config": "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d8 5s1",
        "melting_point_K": 2237,
        "boiling_point_K": 3968,
        "density_g_per_cm3": 12.41,
        "electronegativity_pauling": 2.28,
        "oxidation_states": [+1, +2, +3, +4, +6],
        "phase_at_STP": "Solid",
        "discovery": "William Hyde Wollaston (1803)",
        "color": "Silvery white",
        "appearance": "Hard, corrosion-resistant metal",
        "isotopes": ["Rh-103"],
        "uses": [
            "Catalytic converters",
            "Jewelry",
            "Electronics",
            "Chemical industry"
        ]},
    46:{"symbol": "Pd",
        "name": "Palladium",
        "atomic_number": 46,
        "mass": 106.42,
        "group": 10,
        "period": 5,
        "category": "Transition Metal",
        "config": "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10",
        "melting_point_K": 1828.05,
        "boiling_point_K": 3236,
        "density_g_per_cm3": 12.02,
        "electronegativity_pauling": 2.20,
        "oxidation_states": [+2, +4],
        "phase_at_STP": "Solid",
        "discovery": "William Hyde Wollaston (1803)",
        "color": "Silvery white",
        "appearance": "Soft, ductile metal",
        "isotopes": ["Pd-102", "Pd-104", "Pd-105", "Pd-106", "Pd-108", "Pd-110"],
        "uses": [
            "Catalytic converters",
            "Electronics",
            "Jewelry",
            "Hydrogen storage"
        ]},
    47:{"symbol": "Ag",
        "name": "Silver",
        "atomic_number": 47,
        "mass": 107.868,
        "group": 11,
        "period": 5,
        "category": "Transition Metal",
        "config": "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 5s1",
        "melting_point_K": 1234.93,
        "boiling_point_K": 2435,
        "density_g_per_cm3": 10.49,
        "electronegativity_pauling": 1.93,
        "oxidation_states": [+1, +2],
        "phase_at_STP": "Solid",
        "discovery": "Ancient",
        "color": "Silvery white",
        "appearance": "Ductile metal",
        "isotopes": ["Ag-107", "Ag-109"],
        "uses": [
            "Jewelry",
            "Electronics",
            "Photography",
            "Coins"
        ]},
    48:{"symbol": "Cd",
        "name": "Cadmium",
        "atomic_number": 48,
        "mass": 112.414,
        "group": 12,
        "period": 5,
        "category": "Transition Metal",
        "config": "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 5s2",
        "melting_point_K": 594.22,
        "boiling_point_K": 1040,
        "density_g_per_cm3": 8.65,
        "electronegativity_pauling": 1.69,
        "oxidation_states": [+2],
        "phase_at_STP": "Solid",
        "discovery": "Friedrich Stromeyer (1817)",
        "color": "Bluish-silver",
        "appearance": "Soft, malleable metal",
        "isotopes": ["Cd-106", "Cd-108", "Cd-110", "Cd-111", "Cd-112", "Cd-113", "Cd-114", "Cd-116"],
        "uses": [
            "Batteries",
            "Coatings",
            "Pigments",
            "Nuclear reactors"
        ]},
    49:{"symbol": "In",
        "name": "Indium",
        "atomic_number": 49,
        "mass": 114.818,
        "group": 13,
        "period": 5,
        "category": "Post-transition Metal",
        "config": "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 5s2 5p1",
        "melting_point_K": 429.75,
        "boiling_point_K": 2345,
        "density_g_per_cm3": 7.31,
        "electronegativity_pauling": 1.78,
        "oxidation_states": [+3, +1],
        "phase_at_STP": "Solid",
        "discovery": "Ferdinand Reich & Theodor Richter (1863)",    
        "color": "Silvery white",
        "appearance": "Soft, malleable metal",
        "isotopes": ["In-113", "In-115"],
        "uses": [
            "Semiconductors",
            "Solders",
            "Coatings",
            "Touchscreens"
        ]},
    50:{"symbol": "Sn",
        "name": "Tin",
        "atomic_number": 50,
        "mass": 118.710,
        "group": 14,
        "period": 5,
        "category": "Post-transition Metal",
        "config": "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 5s2 5p2",
        "melting_point_K": 505.08,
        "boiling_point_K": 2875,
        "density_g_per_cm3": 7.31,
        "electronegativity_pauling": 1.96,
        "oxidation_states": [+2, +4],
        "phase_at_STP": "Solid",
        "discovery": "Ancient",
        "color": "Silvery white",
        "appearance": "Soft, malleable metal",
        "isotopes": ["Sn-112", "Sn-114", "Sn-115", "Sn-116", "Sn-117", "Sn-118", "Sn-119", "Sn-120", "Sn-122", "Sn-124"],
        "uses": [
            "Soldering",
            "Coatings",
            "Alloys (bronze)",
            "Packaging"
        ]},
    51:{"symbol": "Sb",
        "name": "Antimony",
        "atomic_number": 51,    
        "mass": 121.760,
        "group": 15,
        "period": 5,
        "category": "Metalloid",
        "config": "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 5s2 5p3",
        "melting_point_K": 903.78,
        "boiling_point_K": 1860,    
        "density_g_per_cm3": 6.697, 
        "electronegativity_pauling": 2.05,      
        "oxidation_states": [-3, +3, +5],       
        "phase_at_STP": "Solid",
        "discovery": "Ancient",         
        "color": "Silvery gray",    
        "appearance": "Brittle metalloid",  
        "isotopes": ["Sb-121", "Sb-123"],   
        "uses": [
            "Flame retardants",
            "Alloys",
            "Semiconductors",
            "Batteries"
        ]}, 
    52:{"symbol": "Te",
        "name": "Tellurium",
        "atomic_number": 52,
        "mass": 127.60,
        "group": 16,
        "period": 5,
        "category": "Metalloid",
        "config": "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 5s2 5p4",
        "melting_point_K": 722.66,
        "boiling_point_K": 1261,
        "density_g_per_cm3": 6.24,
        "electronegativity_pauling": 2.1,
        "oxidation_states": [-2, +2, +4, +6],
        "phase_at_STP": "Solid",
        "discovery": "Franz-Joseph Müller von Reichenstein (1782)",
        "color": "Silvery white with a metallic luster",
        "appearance": "Brittle metalloid",
        "isotopes": ["Te-120", "Te-122", "Te-123", "Te-124", "Te-125", "Te-126", "Te-128", "Te-130"],
        "uses": [
            "Semiconductors",
            "Alloys",
            "Thermoelectric devices",
            "Solar panels"
        ]}, 
    53:{"symbol": "I",
        "name": "Iodine",   
        "atomic_number": 53,
        "mass": 126.904,
        "group": 17,
        "period": 5,
        "category": "Halogen",
        "config": "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 5s2 5p5",
        "melting_point_K": 386.85,
        "boiling_point_K": 457.4,
        "density_g_per_cm3": 4.933,
        "electronegativity_pauling": 2.66,
        "oxidation_states": [-1, +1, +3, +5, +7],
        "phase_at_STP": "Solid",
        "discovery": "Bernard Courtois (1811)",
        "color": "Violet-black",
        "appearance": "Shiny, crystalline solid",
        "isotopes": ["I-127"],
        "uses": [
            "Disinfectants",
            "Medical imaging",
            "Photography",
            "Nutritional supplements"
        ]},
    54:{"symbol": "Xe",
        "name": "Xenon",
        "atomic_number": 54,
        "mass": 131.293,
        "group": 18,
        "period": 5,
        "category": "Noble Gas",
        "config": "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 5s2 5p6",
        "melting_point_K": 161.4,
        "boiling_point_K": 165.03,
        "density_g_per_cm3": 0.005894,
        "electronegativity_pauling": "None",
        "oxidation_states": [],
        "phase_at_STP": "Gas",
        "discovery": "Sir William Ramsay & Morris W. Travers (1898)",
        "color": "Colorless",
        "appearance": "Invisible gas",
        "isotopes": ["Xe-124", "Xe-126", "Xe-128", "Xe-129", "Xe-130", "Xe-131", "Xe-132", "Xe-134", "Xe-136"],
        "uses": [   
            "Lighting",
            "Lasers",
            "Medical imaging",
            "Anesthesia"
        ]},
    55:{"symbol": "Cs",
        "name": "Cesium",
        "atomic_number": 55,
        "mass": 132.905,
        "group": 1,
        "period": 6,
        "category": "Alkali Metal",
        "config": "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 5s2 5p6 6s1",
        "melting_point_K": 301.59,
        "boiling_point_K": 944,
        "density_g_per_cm3": 1.93,
        "electronegativity_pauling": 0.79,
        "oxidation_states": [+1],
        "phase_at_STP": "Solid",
        "discovery": "Robert Bunsen & Gustav Kirchhoff (1860)",
        "color": "Silvery gold",
        "appearance": "Soft, ductile metal",
        "isotopes": ["Cs-133"],
        "uses": [
            "Atomic clocks",
            "Photoelectric cells",
            "Oil drilling",
            "Research"
        ]},
    56:{"symbol": "Ba",
        "name": "Barium",
        "atomic_number": 56,
        "mass": 137.327,
        "group": 2,
        "period": 6,
        "category": "Alkaline Earth Metal",
        "config": "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 5s2 5p6 6s2",
        "melting_point_K": 1000,
        "boiling_point_K": 2170,
        "density_g_per_cm3": 3.62,
        "electronegativity_pauling": 0.89,
        "oxidation_states": [+2],
        "phase_at_STP": "Solid",
        "discovery": "Carl Wilhelm Scheele (1772)",
        "color": "Silvery white",
        "appearance": "Soft, ductile metal",
        "isotopes": ["Ba-130", "Ba-132", "Ba-134", "Ba-135", "Ba-136", "Ba-137", "Ba-138"],
        "uses": [
            "Fireworks",
            "Medical imaging",
            "Alloys",
            "Electronics"
        ]},
    57:{"symbol": "La",
        "name": "Lanthanum",
        "atomic_number": 57,
        "mass": 138.905,
        "group": "Lanthanide",
        "period": 6,
        "category": "Lanthanide",
        "config": "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 5s2 5p6 5d1 6s2",
        "melting_point_K": 1193,
        "boiling_point_K": 3737,
        "density_g_per_cm3": 6.15,
        "electronegativity_pauling": 1.10,
        "oxidation_states": [+3],
        "phase_at_STP": "Solid",
        "discovery": "Carl Gustaf Mosander (1839)",
        "color": "Silvery white",
        "appearance": "Soft, ductile metal",
        "isotopes": ["La-138", "La-139"],
        "uses": [
            "Catalysts",
            "Optics",
            "Alloys",
            "Hydrogen storage"
        ]}, 
    58:{"symbol": "Ce",
        "name": "Cerium",
        "atomic_number": 58,
        "mass": 140.116,
        "group": "Lanthanide",
        "period": 6,
        "category": "Lanthanide",
        "config": "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 5s2 5p6 4f1 5d1 6s2",
        "melting_point_K": 1068,
        "boiling_point_K": 3716,
        "density_g_per_cm3": 6.77,
        "electronegativity_pauling": 1.12,
        "oxidation_states": [+3, +4],
        "phase_at_STP": "Solid",
        "discovery": "Jöns Jacob Berzelius & Wilhelm Hisinger (1839)",
        "color": "Silvery white",
        "appearance": "Soft, ductile metal",
        "isotopes": ["Ce-136", "Ce-138", "Ce-140", "Ce-142"],
        "uses": [
            "Catalysts",
            "Glass polishing",
            "Alloys",
            "Lighting"
        ]}, 
    59:{"symbol": "Pr",
        "name": "Praseodymium",
        "atomic_number": 59,
        "mass": 140.907,
        "group": "Lanthanide",
        "period": 6,
        "category": "Lanthanide",
        "config": "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 5s2 5p6 4f3 6s2",
        "melting_point_K": 1204,
        "boiling_point_K": 3793,
        "density_g_per_cm3": 6.77,
        "electronegativity_pauling": 1.13,
        "oxidation_states": [+3, +4],
        "phase_at_STP": "Solid",
        "discovery": "Carl Auer von Welsbach (1885)",
        "color": "Silvery yellow",
        "appearance": "Soft, ductile metal",
        "isotopes": ["Pr-141"], 
        "uses": [
            "Magnets",
            "Alloys",
            "Lighting",
            "Glass coloring"
        ]},
    60:{"symbol": "Nd",
        "name": "Neodymium",
        "atomic_number": 60,
        "mass": 144.242,
        "group": "Lanthanide",
        "period": 6,
        "category": "Lanthanide",
        "config": "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 5s2 5p6 4f4 6s2",
        "melting_point_K": 1297,
        "boiling_point_K": 3347,
        "density_g_per_cm3": 7.01,
        "electronegativity_pauling": 1.14,
        "oxidation_states": [+3, +2],
        "phase_at_STP": "Solid",
        "discovery": "Carl Auer von Welsbach (1885)",
        "color": "Silvery white",
        "appearance": "Soft, ductile metal",
        "isotopes": ["Nd-142", "Nd-143", "Nd-144", "Nd-145", "Nd-146", "Nd-148", "Nd-150"],
        "uses": [
            "Magnets",
            "Lasers",
            "Glass coloring",
            "Alloys"
        ]},
    61:{"symbol": "Pm",
        "name": "Promethium",
        "atomic_number": 61,
        "mass": 145,
        "group": "Lanthanide",
        "period": 6,
        "category": "Lanthanide",
        "config": "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 5s2 5p6 4f5 6s2",
        "melting_point_K": 1315,
        "boiling_point_K": 3273,
        "density_g_per_cm3": 7.26,
        "electronegativity_pauling": 1.13,
        "oxidation_states": [+3],
        "phase_at_STP": "Solid",
        "discovery": "Jacob A. Marinsky, Lawrence E. Glendenin & Charles D. Coryell (1945)",
        "color": "Silvery metallic",
        "appearance": "Soft, ductile metal",
        "isotopes": ["Pm-145", "Pm-147", "Pm-148", "Pm-149", "Pm-151"],
        "uses": [
            "Nuclear batteries",
            "Research"
        ]},
    62:{"symbol": "Sm",
        "name": "Samarium", 
        "atomic_number": 62,
        "mass": 150.36,
        "group": "Lanthanide",
        "period": 6,
        "category": "Lanthanide",
        "config": "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 5s2 5p6 4f6 6s2",
        "melting_point_K": 1345,
        "boiling_point_K": 2067,
        "density_g_per_cm3": 7.52,
        "electronegativity_pauling": 1.17,
        "oxidation_states": [+2, +3],
        "phase_at_STP": "Solid",
        "discovery": "Lecoq de Boisbaudran (1879)",
        "color": "Silvery white",
        "appearance": "Soft, ductile metal",
        "isotopes": ["Sm-144", "Sm-147", "Sm-148", "Sm-149", "Sm-150", "Sm-152", "Sm-154"],
        "uses": [
            "Magnets",
            "Nuclear reactors",
            "Lasers",
            "Cancer treatment"
        ]},
    63:{"symbol": "Eu",
        "name": "Europium",
        "atomic_number": 63,
        "mass": 151.964,
        "group": "Lanthanide",
        "period": 6,
        "category": "Lanthanide",
        "config": "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 5s2 5p6 4f7 6s2",
        "melting_point_K": 1095,
        "boiling_point_K": 1802,
        "density_g_per_cm3": 5.24,
        "electronegativity_pauling": 1.2,
        "oxidation_states": [+2, +3],
        "phase_at_STP": "Solid",
        "discovery": "Eugène-Anatole Demarçay (1896)",
        "color": "Silvery white",
        "appearance": "Soft, ductile metal",
        "isotopes": ["Eu-151", "Eu-153"],
        "uses": [
            "Phosphors",
            "Nuclear reactors",
            "Lasers",
            "Anti-counterfeiting"
        ]},
    64:{"symbol": "Gd",
        "name": "Gadolinium",
        "atomic_number": 64,
        "mass": 157.25,
        "group": "Lanthanide",
        "period": 6,
        "category": "Lanthanide",
        "config": "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 5s2 5p6 4f7 5d1 6s2",
        "melting_point_K": 1585,
        "boiling_point_K": 3273,
        "density_g_per_cm3": 7.9,
        "electronegativity_pauling": 1.2,
        "oxidation_states": [+3],
        "phase_at_STP": "Solid",
        "discovery": "Jean Charles Galissard de Marignac (1880)",
        "color": "Silvery white",
        "appearance": "Soft, ductile metal",
        "isotopes": ["Gd-152", "Gd-154", "Gd-155", "Gd-156", "Gd-157", "Gd-158", "Gd-160"],
        "uses": [
            "MRI contrast agents",
            "Magnets",
            "Nuclear reactors",
            "Neutron capture"
        ]},
    65:{"symbol": "Tb",
        "name": "Terbium",
        "atomic_number": 65,
        "mass": 158.925,
        "group": "Lanthanide",
        "period": 6,
        "category": "Lanthanide",
        "config": "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 5s2 5p6 4f9 6s2",
        "melting_point_K": 1629,
        "boiling_point_K": 3503,
        "density_g_per_cm3": 8.23,
        "electronegativity_pauling": 1.2,
        "oxidation_states": [+3, +4],
        "phase_at_STP": "Solid",
        "discovery": "Carl Gustaf Mosander (1843)",
        "color": "Silvery white",
        "appearance": "Soft, ductile metal",
        "isotopes": ["Tb-159"],
        "uses": [
            "Phosphors",
            "Magnets",
            "Lasers",
            "Alloys"
        ]},
    66:{"symbol": "Dy",
        "name": "Dysprosium",
        "atomic_number": 66,
        "mass": 162.500,
        "group": "Lanthanide",
        "period": 6,
        "category": "Lanthanide",
        "config": "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 5s2 5p6 4f10 6s2",
        "melting_point_K": 1680,
        "boiling_point_K": 2840,
        "density_g_per_cm3": 8.55,
        "electronegativity_pauling": 1.22,
        "oxidation_states": [+3],
        "phase_at_STP": "Solid",
        "discovery": "Paul Émile Lecoq de Boisbaudran (1886)",
        "color": "Silvery white",
        "appearance": "Soft, ductile metal",
        "isotopes": ["Dy-156", "Dy-158", "Dy-160", "Dy-161", "Dy-162", "Dy-163", "Dy-164"],
        "uses": [
            "Magnets",
            "Nuclear reactors",
            "Lasers",
            "Data storage"
        ]},
    67:{"symbol": "Ho",
        "name": "Holmium",
        "atomic_number": 67,
        "mass": 164.930,
        "group": "Lanthanide",
        "period": 6,
        "category": "Lanthanide",
        "config": "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 5s2 5p6 4f11 6s2",
        "melting_point_K": 1734,        
        "boiling_point_K": 2873,
        "density_g_per_cm3": 8.79,
        "electronegativity_pauling": 1.23,
        "oxidation_states": [+3],
        "phase_at_STP": "Solid",
        "discovery": "Marc Delafontaine & Jacques-Louis Soret (1878)",
        "color": "Silvery white",
        "appearance": "Soft, ductile metal",
        "isotopes": ["Ho-165"],
        "uses": [
            "Magnets",
            "Lasers",
            "Nuclear reactors",
            "Data storage"
        ]},
    68:{"symbol": "Er",
        "name": "Erbium",
        "atomic_number": 68,
        "mass": 167.259,
        "group": "Lanthanide",
        "period": 6,
        "category": "Lanthanide",
        "config": "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 5s2 5p6 4f12 6s2",
        "melting_point_K": 1802,
        "boiling_point_K": 3141,
        "density_g_per_cm3": 9.07,
        "electronegativity_pauling": 1.24,
        "oxidation_states": [+3],
        "phase_at_STP": "Solid",
        "discovery": "Carl Gustaf Mosander (1843)",
        "color": "Silvery white",
        "appearance": "Soft, ductile metal",
        "isotopes": ["Er-162", "Er-164", "Er-166", "Er-167", "Er-168", "Er-170"],
        "uses": [
            "Lasers",
            "Optical fibers",
            "Nuclear reactors",
            "Magnets"
        ]},
    69:{"symbol": "Tm",
        "name": "Thulium",
        "atomic_number": 69,
        "mass": 168.934,
        "group": "Lanthanide",
        "period": 6,
        "category": "Lanthanide",
        "config": "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 5s2 5p6 4f13 6s2",
        "melting_point_K": 1818,
        "boiling_point_K": 2223,
        "density_g_per_cm3": 9.32,
        "electronegativity_pauling": 1.25,
        "oxidation_states": [+3],
        "phase_at_STP": "Solid",
        "discovery": "Per Teodor Cleve (1879)",
        "color": "Silvery white",
        "appearance": "Soft, ductile metal",
        "isotopes": ["Tm-169"],
        "uses": [
            "Lasers",
            "X-ray sources",
            "Nuclear reactors",
            "Research"
        ]},
    70:{"symbol": "Yb",
        "name": "Ytterbium",
        "atomic_number": 70,
        "mass": 173.045,
        "group": "Lanthanide",
        "period": 6,
        "category": "Lanthanide",
        "config": "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 5s2 5p6 4f14 6s2",
        "melting_point_K": 1097,
        "boiling_point_K": 1469,
        "density_g_per_cm3": 6.9,
        "electronegativity_pauling": 1.1,
        "oxidation_states": [+2, +3],
        "phase_at_STP": "Solid",
        "discovery": "Jean Charles Galissard de Marignac (1878)",
        "color": "Silvery white",
        "appearance": "Soft, ductile metal",
        "isotopes": ["Yb-168", "Yb-170", "Yb-171", "Yb-172", "Yb-173", "Yb-174", "Yb-176"],
        "uses": [
            "Lasers",
            "Nuclear reactors",
            "Alloys",
            "Research"
        ]},
    71:{"symbol": "Lu",
        "name": "Lutetium",
        "atomic_number": 71,
        "mass": 174.966,
        "group": "Lanthanide",
        "period": 6,
        "category": "Lanthanide",
        "config": "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 5s2 5p6 4f14 5d1 6s2",
        "melting_point_K": 1925,
        "boiling_point_K": 3675,
        "density_g_per_cm3": 9.84,
        "electronegativity_pauling": 1.27,
        "oxidation_states": [+3],
        "phase_at_STP": "Solid",
        "discovery": "Georges Urbain (1907)",
        "color": "Silvery white",
        "appearance": "Hard, dense metal",
        "isotopes": ["Lu-175", "Lu-176"],
        "uses": [
            "Catalysts",
            "Medical imaging",
            "Alloys",
            "Research"
        ]},
    72:{"symbol": "Hf",
        "name": "Hafnium",
        "atomic_number": 72,
        "mass": 178.49,
        "group": 4,
        "period": 6,
        "category": "Transition Metal",
        "config": "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 5s2 5p6 4f14 5d2 6s2",
        "melting_point_K": 2506,
        "boiling_point_K": 4876,
        "density_g_per_cm3": 13.31,
        "electronegativity_pauling": 1.3,
        "oxidation_states": [+4],
        "phase_at_STP": "Solid",
        "discovery": "Dirk Coster & George de Hevesy (1923)",
        "color": "Silvery gray",
        "appearance": "Ductile metal",
        "isotopes": ["Hf-174", "Hf-176", "Hf-177", "Hf-178", "Hf-179", "Hf-180"],
        "uses": [
            "Nuclear reactors",
            "Alloys",
            "Electronics",
            "High-temperature applications"
        ]},
    73:{"symbol": "Ta",
        "name": "Tantalum",
        "atomic_number": 73,
        "mass": 180.947,
        "group": 5,
        "period": 6,
        "category": "Transition Metal",
        "config": "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 5s2 5p6 4f14 5d3 6s2",
        "melting_point_K": 3290,
        "boiling_point_K": 5731,
        "density_g_per_cm3": 16.69,
        "electronegativity_pauling": 1.5,
        "oxidation_states": [+5],
        "phase_at_STP": "Solid",
        "discovery": "Anders Ekeberg (1802)",
        "color": "Silvery gray",
        "appearance": "Ductile metal",
        "isotopes": ["Ta-180", "Ta-181"],
        "uses": [
            "Electronics",
            "Surgical implants",
            "Alloys",
            "Capacitors"
        ]},
    74:{"symbol": "W",
        "name": "Tungsten",
        "atomic_number": 74,
        "mass": 183.84,
        "group": 6,
        "period": 6,
        "category": "Transition Metal",
        "config": "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 5s2 5p6 4f14 5d4 6s2",
        "melting_point_K": 3695,
        "boiling_point_K": 5828,
        "density_g_per_cm3": 19.25,
        "electronegativity_pauling": 2.36,
        "oxidation_states": [+6, +5, +4, +3, +2],
        "phase_at_STP": "Solid",

        "discovery": "Carl Wilhelm Scheele (1781)",
        "color": "Silvery gray",
        "appearance": "Hard, dense metal",
        "isotopes": ["W-180", "W-182", "W-183", "W-184", "W-186"],
        "uses": [
            "Light bulb filaments",
            "Cutting tools",
            "Alloys",
            "Electronics"
        ]},
    75:{"symbol": "Re",
        "name": "Rhenium",
        "atomic_number": 75,
        "mass": 186.207,
        "group": 7,
        "period": 6,
        "category": "Transition Metal",
        "config": "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 5s2 5p6 4f14 5d5 6s2",
        "melting_point_K": 3459,
        "boiling_point_K": 5869,
        "density_g_per_cm3": 21.02,
        "electronegativity_pauling": 1.9,
        "oxidation_states": [+7, +6, +4, +2],
        "phase_at_STP": "Solid",
        "discovery": "Walter Noddack, Ida Tacke & Otto Berg (1925)",
        "color": "Silvery gray",
        "appearance": "Ductile metal",
        "isotopes": ["Re-185", "Re-187"],           
        "uses": [
            "Superalloys",
            "Catalysts",
            "Filaments",
            "Electrical contacts"
        ]},
    76:{"symbol": "Os",
        "name": "Osmium",
        "atomic_number": 76,
        "mass": 190.23,
        "group": 8,
        "period": 6,
        "category": "Transition Metal",
        "config": "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 5s2 5p6 4f14 5d6 6s2",
        "melting_point_K": 3306,
        "boiling_point_K": 5285,
        "density_g_per_cm3": 22.59,
        "electronegativity_pauling": 2.2,
        "oxidation_states": [+8, +6, +4, +3],
        "phase_at_STP": "Solid",
        "discovery": "Smithson Tennant (1803)",
        "color": "Bluish silver",
        "appearance": "Hard, brittle metal",
        "isotopes": ["Os-184", "Os-186", "Os-187", "Os-188", "Os-189", "Os-190", "Os-192"],
        "uses": [
            "Alloys",
            "Electrical contacts",
            "Catalysts",
            "Pen tips"
        ]},
    77:{"symbol": "Ir",
        "name": "Iridium",  
        "atomic_number": 77,
        "mass": 192.217,
        "group": 9,
        "period": 6,
        "category": "Transition Metal",
        "config": "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 5s2 5p6 4f14 5d7 6s2",
        "melting_point_K": 2719,
        "boiling_point_K": 4403,
        "density_g_per_cm3": 22.56,
        "electronegativity_pauling": 2.20,

        "oxidation_states": [+6, +4, +3, +2],
        "phase_at_STP": "Solid",
        "discovery": "Smithson Tennant (1803)",
        "color": "Silvery white",
        "appearance": "Hard, brittle metal",
        "isotopes": ["Ir-191", "Ir-193"],
        "uses": [
            "Catalysts",
            "Electrical contacts",
            "Alloys",
            "Medical devices"
        ]},
    78:{"symbol": "Pt",
        "name": "Platinum",
        "atomic_number": 78,
        "mass": 195.084,
        "group": 10,
        "period": 6,
        "category": "Transition Metal",
        "config": "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 5s2 5p6 4f14 5d9 6s1",
        "melting_point_K": 2041.4,
        "boiling_point_K": 4098,
        "density_g_per_cm3": 21.45,
        "electronegativity_pauling": 2.28,
        "oxidation_states": [+4, +2, +3, +1, 0],
        "phase_at_STP": "Solid",
        "discovery": "Antonio de Ulloa (1735)",
        "color": "Silvery white",
        "appearance": "Ductile metal",
        "isotopes": ["Pt-190", "Pt-192", "Pt-194", "Pt-195", "Pt-196", "Pt-198"],
        "uses": [
            "Catalysts",
            "Jewelry",
            "Electronics",
            "Medical devices"
        ]},
    79:{"symbol": "Au",
        "name": "Gold",
        "atomic_number": 79,
        "mass": 196.966,
        "group": 11,
        "period": 6,
        "category": "Transition Metal",
        "config": "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 5s2 5p6 4f14 5d10 6s1",
        "melting_point_K": 1337.33,
        "boiling_point_K": 3129,
        "density_g_per_cm3": 19.32,
        "electronegativity_pauling": 2.54,
        "oxidation_states": [+3, +1, 0],
        "phase_at_STP": "Solid",
        "discovery": "Known since ancient times",
        "color": "Metallic yellow",
        "appearance": "Ductile metal",
        "isotopes": ["Au-197"],
        "uses": [
            "Jewelry",
            "Electronics",
            "Dentistry",
            "Finance"
        ]},
    80:{"symbol": "Hg",
        "name": "Mercury",
        "atomic_number": 80,
        "mass": 200.592,
        "group": 12,
        "period": 6,
        "category": "Transition Metal",
        "config": "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 5s2 5p6 4f14 5d10 6s2",
        "melting_point_K": 234.32,
        "boiling_point_K": 629.88,
        "density_g_per_cm3": 13.534,
        "electronegativity_pauling": 2.00,
        "oxidation_states": [+2, +1, 0],
        "phase_at_STP": "Liquid",
        "discovery": "Known since ancient times",
        "color": "Silvery",
        "appearance": "Liquid metal",
        "isotopes": ["Hg-196", "Hg-198", "Hg-199", "Hg-200", "Hg-201", "Hg-202", "Hg-204"],
        "uses": [
            "Thermometers",
            "Barometers",
            "Dental amalgams",
            "Fluorescent lighting"
        ]},
    81:{"symbol": "Tl",
        "name": "Thallium",
        "atomic_number": 81,
        "mass": 204.38,
        "group": 13,
        "period": 6,
        "category": "Post-Transition Metal",
        "config": "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 5s2 5p6 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p1",
        "melting_point_K": 577,
        "boiling_point_K": 1746,
        "density_g_per_cm3": 11.85,
        "electronegativity_pauling": 1.62,
        "oxidation_states": [+3, +1],
        "phase_at_STP": "Solid",
        "discovery": "William Crookes (1861)",
        "color": "Silvery white",
        "appearance": "Soft, malleable metal",
        "isotopes": ["Tl-203", "Tl-205"],
        "uses": [
            "Electronics",
            "Alloys",
            "Medical imaging",
            "Research"
        ]}, 
    82:{"symbol": "Pb",
        "name": "Lead",
        "atomic_number": 82,
        "mass": 207.2,
        "group": 14,
        "period": 6,
        "category": "Post-Transition Metal",
        "config": "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 5s2 5p6 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p2",
        "melting_point_K": 600.61,
        "boiling_point_K": 2022,
        "density_g_per_cm3": 11.34,
        "electronegativity_pauling": 2.33,
        "oxidation_states": [+4, +2],
        "phase_at_STP": "Solid",
        "discovery": "Known since ancient times",
        "color": "Bluish white",
        "appearance": "Soft, malleable metal",
        "isotopes": ["Pb-204", "Pb-206", "Pb-207", "Pb-208"],
        "uses": [
            "Batteries",
            "Radiation shielding",
            "Ammunition",
            "Alloys"
        ]},

    83:{"symbol": "Bi",
        "name": "Bismuth",      
        "atomic_number": 83,
        "mass": 208.980,
        "group": 15,
        "period": 6,
        "category": "Post-Transition Metal",
        "config": "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 5s2 5p6 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p3",
        "melting_point_K": 544.7,
        "boiling_point_K": 1837,
        "density_g_per_cm3": 9.78,
        "electronegativity_pauling": 2.02,
        "oxidation_states": [+3, +5],
        "phase_at_STP": "Solid",
        "discovery": "Claude François Geoffroy (1753)",
        "color": "Silvery white with a pinkish hue",
        "appearance": "Brittle metal",
        "isotopes": ["Bi-209"],
        "uses": [
            "Pharmaceuticals",
            "Alloys",
            "Cosmetics",
            "Fire detection systems"
        ]},
    84:{"symbol": "Po",
        "name": "Polonium",
        "atomic_number": 84,
        "mass": 209,
        "group": 16,
        "period": 6,
        "category": "Post-Transition Metal",
        "config": "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 5s2 5p6 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p4",
        "melting_point_K": 527,
        "boiling_point_K": 1235,
        "density_g_per_cm3": 9.32,
        "electronegativity_pauling": 2.0,
        "oxidation_states": [+4, +2],
        "phase_at_STP": "Solid",
        "discovery": "Marie Curie (1898)",
        "color": "Silvery metallic",
        "appearance": "Radioactive metal",
        "isotopes": ["Po-210", "Po-211", "Po-212", "Po-213", "Po-214"],
        "uses": [
            "Antistatic devices",
            "Heat sources in space probes",
            "Research"
        ]},
    85:{"symbol": "At",
        "name": "Astatine",
        "atomic_number": 85,
        "mass": 210,
        "group": 17,
        "period": 6,
        "category": "Halogen",
        "config": "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 5s2 5p6 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p5",
        "melting_point_K": 575,
        "boiling_point_K": 610,
        "density_g_per_cm3": 7.0,
        "electronegativity_pauling": 2.2,
        "oxidation_states": [-1, +1, +3, +5, +7],
        "phase_at_STP": "Solid",
        "discovery": "Dale R. Corson, Kenneth Ross MacKenzie & Emilio Segrè (1940)",
        "color": "Unknown (predicted to be metallic)",
        "appearance": "Radioactive halogen",
        "isotopes": ["At-210", "At-211", "At-212", "At-213", "At-214", "At-215", "At-216"],
        "uses": [
            "Medical applications",
            "Research"
        ]},
    86:{"symbol": "Rn",
        "name": "Radon",
        "atomic_number": 86,
        "mass": 222,
        "group": 18,
        "period": 6,
        "category": "Noble Gas",
        "config": "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 5s2 5p6 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p6",
        "melting_point_K": 202,
        "boiling_point_K": 211.5,
        "density_g_per_cm3": 9.73,
        "electronegativity_pauling": None,
        "oxidation_states": [0, +2, +4, +6],
        "phase_at_STP": "Gas",
        "discovery": "Friedrich Ernst Dorn (1900)",
        "color": "Colorless",
        "appearance": "Radioactive noble gas",
        "isotopes": ["Rn-222", "Rn-219", "Rn-220", "Rn-221", "Rn-223"],
        "uses": [
            "Medical imaging",
            "Research"
        ]},
    87:{"symbol": "Fr",
        "name": "Francium",
        "atomic_number": 87,
        "mass": 223,
        "group": 1,
        "period": 7,
        "category": "Alkali Metal",
        "config": "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 5s2 5p6 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p6 7s1",
        "melting_point_K": 300,
        "boiling_point_K": 950,
        "density_g_per_cm3": 1.87,
        "electronegativity_pauling": 0.7,
        "oxidation_states": [+1],
        "phase_at_STP": "Solid",
        "discovery": "Marguerite Perey (1939)",
        "color": "Unknown (predicted to be metallic)",
        "appearance": "Highly radioactive metal",
        "isotopes": ["Fr-223", "Fr-221", "Fr-222", "Fr-224", "Fr-225"],
        "uses": [
            "Research"
        ]},
    88:{"symbol": "Ra",
        "name": "Radium",
        "atomic_number": 88,
        "mass": 226,
        "group": 2,
        "period": 7,
        "category": "Alkaline Earth Metal",
        "config": "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 5s2 5p6 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p6 7s2",
        "melting_point_K": 973,
        "boiling_point_K": 2010,
        "density_g_per_cm3": 5.5,
        "electronegativity_pauling": 0.9,
        "oxidation_states": [+2],
        "phase_at_STP": "Solid",
        "discovery": "Pierre Curie & Marie Curie (1898)",
        "color": "Silvery white",
        "appearance": "Highly radioactive metal",
        "isotopes": ["Ra-226", "Ra-223", "Ra-224", "Ra-225", "Ra-228"],
        "uses": [
            "Radiotherapy",
            "Research"
        ]},
    89:{"symbol": "Ac",
        "name": "Actinium",
        "atomic_number": 89,
        "mass": 227,
        "group": "Actinide",
        "period": 7,
        "category": "Actinide",
        "config": "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 5s2 5p6 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p6 7s2 6d1",
        "melting_point_K": 1323,
        "boiling_point_K": 3471,
        "density_g_per_cm3": 10.07,
        "electronegativity_pauling": 1.1,
        "oxidation_states": [+3],
        "phase_at_STP": "Solid",
        "discovery": "Friedrich Oskar Giesel (1902)",
        "color": "Silvery white",
        "appearance": "Soft, radioactive metal",
        "isotopes": ["Ac-227", "Ac-225", "Ac-226", "Ac-228"],   
        "uses": [
            "Radiotherapy",
            "Neutron sources",
            "Research"
        ]},
    90:{"symbol": "Th",
        "name": "Thorium",
        "atomic_number": 90,
        "mass": 232.038,
        "group": "Actinide",
        "period": 7,
        "category": "Actinide",
        "config": "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 5s2 5p6 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p6 7s2 6d2",
        "melting_point_K": 2023,
        "boiling_point_K": 5061,
        "density_g_per_cm3": 11.72,
        "electronegativity_pauling": 1.3,
        "oxidation_states": [+4, +3],
        "phase_at_STP": "Solid",
        "discovery": "Jöns Jakob Berzelius (1829)",
        "color": "Silvery white",
        "appearance": "Soft, radioactive metal",
        "isotopes": ["Th-232", "Th-230", "Th-229", "Th-228"],
        "uses": [
            "Nuclear fuel",
            "Alloys",
            "Research"
        ]},
    91:{"symbol": "Pa",
        "name": "Protactinium",
        "atomic_number": 91,
        "mass": 231.035,
        "group": "Actinide",
        "period": 7,
        "category": "Actinide",
        "config": "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 5s2 5p6 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p6 7s2 5f2 6d1",
        "melting_point_K": 1841,
        "boiling_point_K": 4300,
        "density_g_per_cm3": 15.37,
        "electronegativity_pauling": 1.5,
        "oxidation_states": [+5, +4],
        "phase_at_STP": "Solid",
        "discovery": "Otto Hahn & Lise Meitner (1917)",
        "color": "Silvery metallic",
        "appearance": "Dense, radioactive metal",
        "isotopes": ["Pa-231", "Pa-230", "Pa-232"], 
        "uses": [
            "Nuclear research",
            "Neutron detection",
            "Research"
        ]},
    92:{"symbol": "U",
        "name": "Uranium",
        "atomic_number": 92,
        "mass": 238.028,
        "group": "Actinide",
        "period": 7,
        "category": "Actinide",
        "config": "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 5s2 5p6 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p6 7s2 5f3 6d1",
        "melting_point_K": 1405.3,
        "boiling_point_K": 4404,
        "density_g_per_cm3": 19.1,
        "electronegativity_pauling": 1.38,
        "oxidation_states": [+6, +5, +4, +3],
        "phase_at_STP": "Solid",
        "discovery": "Martin Heinrich Klaproth (1789)",
        "color": "Silvery gray",
        "appearance": "Dense, radioactive metal",
        "isotopes": ["U-238", "U-235", "U-234"],
        "uses": [
            "Nuclear fuel",
            "Military applications",
            "Research"
        ]},
    93:{"symbol": "Np",
        "name": "Neptunium",
        "atomic_number": 93,
        "mass": 237,
        "group": "Actinide",
        "period": 7,
        "category": "Actinide",
        "config": "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 5s2 5p6 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p6 7s2 5f4 6d1",
        "melting_point_K": 912,
        "boiling_point_K": 4273,
        "density_g_per_cm3": 20.45,
        "electronegativity_pauling": 1.36,
        "oxidation_states": [+7, +6, +5, +4, +3],
        "phase_at_STP": "Solid",
        "discovery": "Edwin McMillan & Philip H. Abelson (1940)",
        "color": "Silvery metallic",
        "appearance": "Dense, radioactive metal",
        "isotopes": ["Np-237", "Np-236", "Np-238"],
        "uses": [
            "Nuclear reactors",
            "Research"
        ]},
    94:{"symbol": "Pu",
        "name": "Plutonium",
        "atomic_number": 94,
        "mass": 244,
        "group": "Actinide",
        "period": 7,
        "category": "Actinide",
        "config": "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 5s2 5p6 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p6 7s2 5f6 6d0",
        "melting_point_K": 913.5,
        "boiling_point_K": 3501,
        "density_g_per_cm3": 19.84,
        "electronegativity_pauling": 1.28,
        "oxidation_states": [+6, +5, +4, +3, +2],
        "phase_at_STP": "Solid",

        "discovery": "Glenn T. Seaborg, Edwin McMillan, Joseph W. Kennedy & Arthur C. Wahl (1940)",
        "color": "Silvery metallic",
        "appearance": "Dense, radioactive metal",
        "isotopes": ["Pu-239", "Pu-240", "Pu-241", "Pu-242"],
        "uses": [
            "Nuclear fuel",
            "Nuclear weapons",
            "Research"
        ]},
    95:{"symbol": "Am",
        "name": "Americium",
        "atomic_number": 95,
        "mass": 243,
        "group": "Actinide",
        "period": 7,
        "category": "Actinide",
        "config": "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 5s2 5p6 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p6 7s2 5f7 6d0",
        "melting_point_K": 1449,
        "boiling_point_K": 2880,
        "density_g_per_cm3": 13.69,
        "electronegativity_pauling": 1.3,
        "oxidation_states": [+6, +5, +4, +3, +2],
        "phase_at_STP": "Solid",
        "discovery": "Glenn T. Seaborg, Ralph A. James & Albert Ghiorso (1944)",
        "color": "Silvery metallic",
        "appearance": "Dense, radioactive metal",
        "isotopes": ["Am-241", "Am-243"],
        "uses": [
            "Smoke detectors",
            "Neutron sources",
            "Research"
        ]},
    96:{"symbol": "Cm",
        "name": "Curium",
        "atomic_number": 96,
        "mass": 247,
        "group": "Actinide",
        "period": 7,
        "category": "Actinide",
        "config": "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 5s2 5p6 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p6 7s2 5f7 6d1",
        "melting_point_K": 1613,
        "boiling_point_K": 3383,
        "density_g_per_cm3": 13.51,
        "electronegativity_pauling": 1.3,
        "oxidation_states": [+6, +5, +4, +3],
        "phase_at_STP": "Solid",
        "discovery": "Glenn T. Seaborg, Ralph A. James & Albert Ghiorso (1944)",
        "color": "Silvery metallic",
        "appearance": "Dense, radioactive metal",
        "isotopes": ["Cm-244", "Cm-245", "Cm-246", "Cm-247", "Cm-248"],
        "uses": [
            "Research",
            "Radioisotope thermoelectric generators"
        ]},
    97:{"symbol": "Bk",
        "name": "Berkelium",
        "atomic_number": 97,
        "mass": 247,
        "group": "Actinide",
        "period": 7,
        "category": "Actinide",
        "config": "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 5s2 5p6 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p6 7s2 5f9 6d0",
        "melting_point_K": 1259,
        "boiling_point_K": 2900,
        "density_g_per_cm3": 14.78,
        "electronegativity_pauling": 1.3,
        "oxidation_states": [+4, +3],
        "phase_at_STP": "Solid",
        "discovery": "Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (1949)",
        "color": "Silvery metallic",
        "appearance": "Dense, radioactive metal",
        "isotopes": ["Bk-247", "Bk-248", "Bk-249"],
        "uses": [
            "Research"
        ]},
    98:{"symbol": "Cf",
        "name": "Californium",

        "atomic_number": 98,
        "mass": 251,
        "group": "Actinide",
        "period": 7,
        "category": "Actinide",
        "config": "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 5s2 5p6 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p6 7s2 5f10 6d0",
        "melting_point_K": 1173,
        "boiling_point_K": 1743,
        "density_g_per_cm3": 15.1,
        "electronegativity_pauling": 1.3,
        "oxidation_states": [+3, +4],
        "phase_at_STP": "Solid",
        "discovery": "Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (1950)",
        "color": "Silvery metallic",
        "appearance": "Dense, radioactive metal",
        "isotopes": ["Cf-249", "Cf-250", "Cf-251", "Cf-252"],
        "uses": [
            "Neutron sources",
            "Research"
        ]},
    99:{"symbol": "Es",
        "name": "Einsteinium",  

        "atomic_number": 99,
        "mass": 252,
        "group": "Actinide",
        "period": 7,
        "category": "Actinide",
        "config": "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 5s2 5p6 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p6 7s2 5f11 6d0",
        "melting_point_K": 1133,
        "boiling_point_K": 1269,
        "density_g_per_cm3": 8.84,
        "electronegativity_pauling": 1.3,
        "oxidation_states": [+3],
        "phase_at_STP": "Solid",
        "discovery": "Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (1952)",
        "color": "Silvery metallic",    
        "appearance": "Dense, radioactive metal",
        "isotopes": ["Es-252", "Es-253", "Es-254", "Es-255"],
        "uses": [
            "Research"
        ]},
    100:{"symbol": "Fm",
        "name": "Fermium",
        "atomic_number": 100,
        "mass": 257,
        "group": "Actinide",
        "period": 7,
        "category": "Actinide",
        "config": "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 5s2 5p6 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p6 7s2 5f12 6d0",
        "melting_point_K": 1800,
        "boiling_point_K": None,
        "density_g_per_cm3": 9.7,
        "electronegativity_pauling": 1.3,
        "oxidation_states": [+3],
        "phase_at_STP": "Solid",
        "discovery": "Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (1952)",
        "color": "Silvery metallic",
        "appearance": "Dense, radioactive metal",
        "isotopes": ["Fm-255", "Fm-256", "Fm-257", "Fm-258"],
        "uses": [
            "Research"
        ]},
    101:{"symbol": "Md",
        "name": "Mendelevium",
        "atomic_number": 101,
        "mass": 258,
        "group": "Actinide",
        "period": 7,
        "category": "Actinide",
        "config": "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 5s2 5p6 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p6 7s2 5f13 6d0",
        "melting_point_K": 1100,
        "boiling_point_K": None,
        "density_g_per_cm3": 9.9,
        "electronegativity_pauling": 1.3,
        "oxidation_states": [+3],
        "phase_at_STP": "Solid",
        "discovery": "Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (1955)",
        "color": "Silvery metallic",
        "appearance": "Dense, radioactive metal",
        "isotopes": ["Md-256", "Md-257", "Md-258", "Md-259"],
        "uses": [
            "Research"
        ]}, 
    102:{"symbol": "No",
        "name": "Nobelium",
        "atomic_number": 102,
        "mass": 259,
        "group": "Actinide",
        "period": 7,
        "category": "Actinide",
        "config": "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 5s2 5p6 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p6 7s2 5f14 6d0",
        "melting_point_K": 1100,
        "boiling_point_K": None,
        "density_g_per_cm3": 9.9,
        "electronegativity_pauling": 1.3,
        "oxidation_states": [+2, +3],
        "phase_at_STP": "Solid",
        "discovery": "Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory & Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (1958)",
        "color": "Silvery metallic",
        "appearance": "Dense, radioactive metal",
        "isotopes": ["No-259", "No-260", "No-261"],
        "uses": [
            "Research"
        ]},
    103:{"symbol": "Lr",
        "name": "Lawrencium",
        "atomic_number": 103,
        "mass": 262,
        "group": "Actinide",
        "period": 7,
        "category": "Actinide",
        "config": "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 5s2 5p6 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p6 7s2 5f14 7p1",
        "melting_point_K": 1900,
        "boiling_point_K": None,
        "density_g_per_cm3": 15.6,
        "electronegativity_pauling": 1.3,
        "oxidation_states": [+3],
        "phase_at_STP": "Solid",
        "discovery": "Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory & Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (1961)",
        "color": "Unknown (predicted to be metallic)",
        "appearance": "Dense, radioactive metal",
        "isotopes": ["Lr-262", "Lr-263", "Lr-264"],
        "uses": [
            "Research"
        ]},
    104:{"symbol": "Rf",
        "name": "Rutherfordium",
        "atomic_number": 104,
        "mass": 267,
        "group": "Transition Metal",
        "period": 7,
        "category": "Transition Metal",
        "config": "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 5s2 5p6 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p6 7s2 5f14 6d2",
        "melting_point_K": 2400,
        "boiling_point_K": None,
        "density_g_per_cm3": 23.2,
        "electronegativity_pauling": 1.3,
        "oxidation_states": [+4],
        "phase_at_STP": "Solid",
        "discovery": "Joint Institute for Nuclear Research & Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (1964)",
        "color": "Unknown (predicted to be metallic)",
        "appearance": "Dense, radioactive metal",
        "isotopes": ["Rf-267", "Rf-268", "Rf-269", "Rf-270"],
        "uses": [
            "Research"
        ]},
    105:{"symbol": "Db",
        "name": "Dubnium",  
        "atomic_number": 105,
        "mass": 268,
        "group": "Transition Metal",
        "period": 7,
        "category": "Transition Metal",

        "config": "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 5s2 5p6 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p6 7s2 5f14 6d3",
        "melting_point_K": 2500,
        "boiling_point_K": None,
        "density_g_per_cm3": 29.3,


        "electronegativity_pauling": 1.3,
        "oxidation_states": [+5],
        "phase_at_STP": "Solid",
        "discovery": "Joint Institute for Nuclear Research & Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (1967)",

        "color": "Unknown (predicted to be metallic)",
        "appearance": "Dense, radioactive metal",
        "isotopes": ["Db-268", "Db-270", "Db-271", "Db-272"],
        "uses": [
            "Research"
        ]}, 
    106:{"symbol": "Sg",
        "name": "Seaborgium",
        "atomic_number": 106,
        "mass": 271,
        "group": "Transition Metal",
        "period": 7,
        "category": "Transition Metal",
        "config": "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 5s2 5p6 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p6 7s2 5f14 6d4",
        "melting_point_K": 3000,
        "boiling_point_K": None,
        "density_g_per_cm3": 35.0,
        "electronegativity_pauling": 1.3,
        "oxidation_states": [+6],
        "phase_at_STP": "Solid",
        "discovery": "Joint Institute for Nuclear Research & Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (1974)",
        "color": "Unknown (predicted to be metallic)",
        "appearance": "Dense, radioactive metal",
        "isotopes": ["Sg-271", "Sg-272", "Sg-273", "Sg-274"],
        "uses": [
            "Research"
        ]},
    107:{"symbol": "Bh",    
        "name": "Bohrium",
        "atomic_number": 107,
        "mass": 270,
        "group": "Transition Metal",
        "period": 7,
        "category": "Transition Metal",
        "config": "[Rn] 5f14 6d5 7s2",
        "melting_point_K": 2900,
        "boiling_point_K": None,
        "density_g_per_cm3": 37.1,
        "electronegativity_pauling": 1.3,
        "oxidation_states": [+7],
        "phase_at_STP": "Solid",
        "discovery": "Joint Institute for Nuclear Research & Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (1981)",
        "color": "Unknown (predicted to be metallic)",
        "appearance": "Dense, radioactive metal",
        "isotopes": ["Bh-270", "Bh-271", "Bh-272", "Bh-274"],
        "uses": [
            "Research"
        ]}, 
    108:{"symbol": "Hs",
        "name": "Hassium",
        "atomic_number": 108,
        "mass": 277,
        "group": "Transition Metal",
        "period": 7,
        "category": "Transition Metal",
        "config": "[Rn] 5f14 6d6 7s2",
        "melting_point_K": 3000,
        "boiling_point_K": None,
        "density_g_per_cm3": 40.7,
        "electronegativity_pauling": 1.3,
        "oxidation_states": [+8],
        "phase_at_STP": "Solid",
        "discovery": "Joint Institute for Nuclear Research & Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (1984)",
        "color": "Unknown (predicted to be metallic)",
        "appearance": "Dense, radioactive metal",
        "isotopes": ["Hs-275", "Hs-276", "Hs-277", "Hs-278"],
        "uses": [
            "Research"
        ]},
    109:{"symbol": "Mt",
        "name": "Meitnerium",
        "atomic_number": 109,
        "mass": 276,
        "group": "Transition Metal",
        "period": 7,
        "category": "Transition Metal",
        "config": "[Rn] 5f14 6d7 7s2",
        "melting_point_K": 3000,
        "boiling_point_K": None,
        "density_g_per_cm3": 37.4,
        "electronegativity_pauling": 1.3,
        "oxidation_states": [+9],
        "phase_at_STP": "Solid",
        "discovery": "Joint Institute for Nuclear Research & Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (1982)",
        "color": "Unknown (predicted to be metallic)",
        "appearance": "Dense, radioactive metal",
        "isotopes": ["Mt-276", "Mt-277", "Mt-278", "Mt-279"],
        "uses": [
            "Research"
        ]},
    110:{"symbol": "Ds",
        "name": "Darmstadtium",
        "atomic_number": 110,
        "mass": 281,
        "group": "Transition Metal",
        "period": 7,
        "category": "Transition Metal",
        "config": "[Rn] 5f14 6d8 7s2",
        "melting_point_K": 3000,    
        "boiling_point_K": None,
        "density_g_per_cm3": 34.8,
        "electronegativity_pauling": 1.3,
        "oxidation_states": [+10],
        "phase_at_STP": "Solid",
        "discovery": "GSI Helmholtz Centre for Heavy Ion Research (1994)",
        "color": "Unknown (predicted to be metallic)",  
        "appearance": "Dense, radioactive metal",
        "isotopes": ["Ds-281", "Ds-282", "Ds-283"],
        "uses": [   
            "Research"
        ]}, 
    111:{"symbol": "Rg",
        "name": "Roentgenium",  
        "atomic_number": 111,
        "mass": 282,
        "group": "Transition Metal",
        "period": 7,
        "category": "Transition Metal",
        "config": "[Rn] 5f14 6d9 7s2",
        "melting_point_K": 3000,
        "boiling_point_K": None,
        "density_g_per_cm3": 28.7,
        "electronegativity_pauling": 1.3,
        "oxidation_states": [+11],
        "phase_at_STP": "Solid",
        "discovery": "GSI Helmholtz Centre for Heavy Ion Research (1994)",
        "color": "Unknown (predicted to be metallic)",
        "appearance": "Dense, radioactive metal",
        "isotopes": ["Rg-282", "Rg-283", "Rg-284"],
        "uses": [   
            "Research"
        ]},
    112:{"symbol": "Cn",
        "name": "Copernicium",
        "atomic_number": 112,
        "mass": 285,
        "group": "Transition Metal",
        "period": 7,
        "category": "Transition Metal",
        "config": "[Rn] 5f14 6d10 7s2",
        "melting_point_K": 3000,
        "boiling_point_K": None,
        "density_g_per_cm3": 23.7,
        "electronegativity_pauling": 1.3,
        "oxidation_states": [+12],
        "phase_at_STP": "Solid",
        "discovery": "GSI Helmholtz Centre for Heavy Ion Research (1996)",
        "color": "Unknown (predicted to be metallic)",
        "appearance": "Dense, radioactive metal",
        "isotopes": ["Cn-285", "Cn-286", "Cn-287"],
        "uses": [       
            "Research"
        ]},
    113:{"symbol": "Nh",
        "name": "Nihonium",     
        "atomic_number": 113,
        "mass": 286,
        "group": "Post-Transition Metal",
        "period": 7,
        "category": "Post-Transition Metal",
        "config": "[Rn] 5f14 6d10 7s2 7p1",
        "melting_point_K": 700,
        "boiling_point_K": None,
        "density_g_per_cm3": 16,
        "electronegativity_pauling": 1.3,       
        "oxidation_states": [+1, +3, +5],
        "phase_at_STP": "Solid",
        "discovery": "RIKEN (2004)",
        "color": "Unknown (predicted to be metallic)",
        "appearance": "Dense, radioactive metal",
        "isotopes": ["Nh-286", "Nh-287", "Nh-288"],
        "uses": [
            "Research"
        ]},
    114:{"symbol": "Fl",
        "name": "Flerovium",    
        "atomic_number": 114,
        "mass": 289,
        "group": "Post-Transition Metal",   
        "period": 7,    
        "category": "Post-Transition Metal",
        "config": "[Rn] 5f14 6d10 7s2 7p2",
        "melting_point_K": 340,
        "boiling_point_K": None,
        "density_g_per_cm3": 14,
        "electronegativity_pauling": 1.3,
        "oxidation_states": [+2, +4],
        "phase_at_STP": "Solid",
        "discovery": "Joint Institute for Nuclear Research & Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (1998)",
        "color": "Unknown (predicted to be metallic)",
        "appearance": "Dense, radioactive metal",
        "isotopes": ["Fl-289", "Fl-290", "Fl-291"],
        "uses": [
            "Research"
        ]}, 
    115:{"symbol": "Mc",
        "name": "Moscovium",
        "atomic_number": 115,
        "mass": 288,
        "group": "Post-Transition Metal",
        "period": 7,
        "category": "Post-Transition Metal",
        "config": "[Rn] 5f14 6d10 7s2 7p3",
        "melting_point_K": 300,
        "boiling_point_K": None,
        "density_g_per_cm3": 13,
        "electronegativity_pauling": 1.3,
        "oxidation_states": [+1, +3, +5],
        "phase_at_STP": "Solid",
        "discovery": "Joint Institute for Nuclear Research & Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (2003)",
        "color": "Unknown (predicted to be metallic)",
        "appearance": "Dense, radioactive metal",
        "isotopes": ["Mc-288", "Mc-289", "Mc-290"],
        "uses": [
            "Research"
        ]},
    116:{"symbol": "Lv",
        "name": "Livermorium",
        "atomic_number": 116,
        "mass": 293,
        "group": "Post-Transition Metal",
        "period": 7,
        "category": "Post-Transition Metal",
        "config": "[Rn] 5f14 6d10 7s2 7p4",
        "melting_point_K": 300,
        "boiling_point_K": None,
        "density_g_per_cm3": 12,
        "electronegativity_pauling": 1.3,
        "oxidation_states": [+2, +4, +6],
        "phase_at_STP": "Solid",
        "discovery": "Joint Institute for Nuclear Research & Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (2000)",
        "color": "Unknown (predicted to be metallic)",
        "appearance": "Dense, radioactive metal",
        "isotopes": ["Lv-293", "Lv-294", "Lv-295"],
        "uses": [
            "Research"
        ]},
    117:{"symbol": "Ts",
        "name": "Tennessine",
        "atomic_number": 117,
        "mass": 294,
        "group": "Halogen",
        "period": 7,
        "category": "Halogen",
        "config": "[Rn] 5f14 6d10 7s2 7p5",
        "melting_point_K": 300,
        "boiling_point_K": None,
        "density_g_per_cm3": 7,
        "electronegativity_pauling": 1.3,
        "oxidation_states": [-1, +1, +3, +5, +7],
        "phase_at_STP": "Solid",
        "discovery": "Joint Institute for Nuclear Research & Oak Ridge National Laboratory (2010)",
        "color": "Unknown (predicted to be metallic)",
        "appearance": "Dense, radioactive metal",
        "isotopes": ["Ts-294", "Ts-295", "Ts-296"],
        "uses": [
            "Research"
        ]},
    118:{"symbol": "Og",
        "name": "Oganesson",
        "atomic_number": 118,
        "mass": 294,
        "group": "Noble Gas",
        "period": 7,
        "category": "Noble Gas",
        "config": "[Rn] 5f14 6d10 7s2 7p6",
        "melting_point_K": 300,
        "boiling_point_K": None,
        "density_g_per_cm3": 6.9,
        "electronegativity_pauling": 1.3,
        "oxidation_states": [0, +2, +4, +6, +8],
        "phase_at_STP": "Solid",
        "discovery": "Joint Institute for Nuclear Research & Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (2002)",
        "color": "Unknown (predicted to be metallic)",
        "appearance": "Dense, radioactive metal",
        "isotopes": ["Og-294", "Og-295", "Og-296"],
        "uses": [
            "Research"
        ]},
    119:{"symbol": "Uue",
        "name": "Ununennium",
        "atomic_number": 119,
        "mass": 315,
        "group": "Alkali Metal",
        "period": 8,
        "category": "Alkali Metal",
        "config": "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 5s2 5p6 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p6 7s2 5f14 6d10 7p6 8s1",
        "melting_point_K": None,    
        "boiling_point_K": None,
        "density_g_per_cm3": None,
        "electronegativity_pauling": None,
        "oxidation_states": [+1],
        "phase_at_STP": "Unknown",
        "discovery": "Predicted element",   
        "color": "Unknown",
        "appearance": "Unknown",
        "isotopes": [],
        "uses": [
            "Research (predicted)"
        ]},
    120:{"symbol": "Ubn",
        "name": "Unbinilium",
        "atomic_number": 120,
        "mass": 320,
        "group": "Alkaline Earth Metal",
        "period": 8,
        "category": "Alkaline Earth Metal",
        "config": "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 5s2 5p6 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p6 7s2 5f14 6d10 7p6 8s2",
        "melting_point_K": None,
        "boiling_point_K": None,
        "density_g_per_cm3": None,
        "electronegativity_pauling": None,
        "oxidation_states": [+2],
        "phase_at_STP": "Unknown",
        "discovery": "Predicted element",
        "color": "Unknown",
        "appearance": "Unknown",
        "isotopes": [],
        "uses": [
            "Research (predicted)"
        ]},
    121:{"symbol": "Ubu",
        "name": "Unbiunium",
        "atomic_number": 121,
        "mass": 325,
        "group": "Unknown",
        "period": 8,
        "category": "Unknown",
        "config": "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 5s2 5p6 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p6 7s2 5f14 6d10 7p6 8s2 8p1",
        "melting_point_K": None,
        "boiling_point_K": None,
        "density_g_per_cm3": None,
        "electronegativity_pauling": None,
        "oxidation_states": [],
        "phase_at_STP": "Unknown",
        "discovery": "Predicted element",
        "color": "Unknown",
        "appearance": "Unknown",
        "isotopes": [],
        "uses": [
            "Research (predicted)"
        ]},
    122:{"symbol": "Ubb",
        "name": "Unbibium",
        "atomic_number": 122,
        "mass": 330,
        "group": "Unknown",
        "period": 8,
        "category": "Unknown",
        "config": "1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 5s2 5p6 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p6 7s2 5f14 6d10 7p6 8s2 8p2",
        "melting_point_K": None,
        "boiling_point_K": None,
        "density_g_per_cm3": None,
        "electronegativity_pauling": None,
        "oxidation_states": [],
        "phase_at_STP": "Unknown",
        "discovery": "Predicted element",
        "color": "Unknown",
        "appearance": "Unknown",
        "isotopes": [],
        "uses": [
            "Research (predicted)"
        ]}
}




def search_element():
    query = entry.get().strip()

    # Normalize input for flexible searching
    query_symbol = query.capitalize()
    query_name = query.title()
    query_number = query

    found = None

    for num, data in elements.items():
        # Check symbol
        if query_symbol == data["symbol"]:
            found = (num, data)
            break
        
        # Check name
        if query_name == data["name"]:
            found = (num, data)
            break
        
        # Check atomic number
        if query_number.isdigit() and int(query_number) == num:
            found = (num, data)
            break

    if not found:
        messagebox.showinfo("Not Found", f"No element found for: {query}")
        return

    num, data = found

    # Helper function for None -> "Unknown"
    def safe(value):
        return "Unknown" if value in (None, "", [], {}) else value

    # Convert lists to readable strings
    isotopes = ", ".join(data["isotopes"]) if data["isotopes"] else "None"
    uses = ", ".join(data["uses"]) if data["uses"] else "None"
    oxidation_states = ", ".join(map(str, data["oxidation_states"])) if data["oxidation_states"] else "None"

    info_text.set(f"""
Name: {safe(data['name'])}
Symbol: {safe(data['symbol'])}
Atomic Number: {num}
Atomic Mass: {safe(data['mass'])}

Group: {safe(data['group'])}
Period: {safe(data['period'])}
Category: {safe(data['category'])}

Electron Configuration:
{safe(data['config'])}

Melting Point (K): {safe(data['melting_point_K'])}
Boiling Point (K): {safe(data['boiling_point_K'])}
Density (g/cm³): {safe(data['density_g_per_cm3'])}

Electronegativity (Pauling): {safe(data['electronegativity_pauling'])}
Oxidation States: {oxidation_states}

Phase at STP: {safe(data['phase_at_STP'])}
Discovery: {safe(data['discovery'])}

Color: {safe(data['color'])}
Appearance: {safe(data['appearance'])}

Isotopes: {isotopes}
Uses: {uses}
""")


# ---------------------------
# GUI Setup (Updated)
# ---------------------------
root = tk.Tk()
root.title("Periodic Table Explorer")
root.geometry("550x650")
root.config(bg="#e8f1ff")

# ---------------------------
# Title Section
# ---------------------------
title_frame = tk.Frame(root, bg="#1e3d59")
title_frame.pack(fill="x")

title = tk.Label(
    title_frame,
    text="🔬 PERIODIC TABLE EXPLORER",
    font=("Arial", 18, "bold"),
    bg="#1e3d59",
    fg="white",
    pady=10
)
title.pack()

# ---------------------------
# Search Description
# ---------------------------
desc = tk.Label(
    root,
    text="Search element by symbol (H, O, Fe) • name • or atomic number (1, 8, 26)",
    font=("Arial", 11),
    bg="#e8f1ff",
    fg="#1e3d59"
)
desc.pack(pady=10)

# ---------------------------
# Input Box
# ---------------------------
entry = tk.Entry(
    root,
    font=("Arial", 16),
    width=18,
    justify="center",
    bg="#ffffff",
    fg="#1e3d59",
    relief="solid",
    bd=2
)
entry.pack(pady=5)

# ---------------------------
# Search Button
# ---------------------------
btn = tk.Button(
    root,
    text="SEARCH ELEMENT",
    font=("Arial", 13, "bold"),
    bg="#3a506b",
    fg="white",
    pady=7,
    padx=20,
    relief="raised",
    command=search_element
)
btn.pack(pady=10)

# ---------------------------
# Results Section (Scrollable)
# ---------------------------
result_frame = tk.Frame(root, bg="#e8f1ff")
result_frame.pack(fill="both", expand=True, padx=15, pady=10)

canvas = tk.Canvas(result_frame, bg="#e8f1ff", highlightthickness=0)
scrollbar = tk.Scrollbar(result_frame, orient="vertical", command=canvas.yview)
scrollable_frame = tk.Frame(canvas, bg="#ffffff", bd=2, relief="solid")

scrollable_frame.bind(
    "<Configure>",
    lambda e: canvas.configure(scrollregion=canvas.bbox("all"))
)

canvas.create_window((0, 0), window=scrollable_frame, anchor="nw")
canvas.configure(yscrollcommand=scrollbar.set)

canvas.pack(side="left", fill="both", expand=True)
scrollbar.pack(side="right", fill="y")

# ---------------------------
# Result Text
# ---------------------------
info_text = tk.StringVar()
info_label = tk.Label(
    scrollable_frame,
    textvariable=info_text,
    justify="left",
    font=("Courier New", 12),
    bg="#ffffff",
    fg="#102a43",
    anchor="nw"
)
info_label.pack(pady=10, padx=10, anchor="w")

# ---------------------------
# Footer
# ---------------------------
footer = tk.Label(
    root,
    text="Created by Mantra Patil & Himali Patil | Class 11 Chemistry",
    font=("Arial", 9),
    bg="#e8f1ff",
    fg="#1e3d59"
)
footer.pack(side="bottom", pady=8)

root.mainloop()