docs(Batch): explain what a .bat file is with examples

What
- Documented `.bat` (batch) files as Windows scripts for automating tasks in Command Prompt.
- Key features:
  - Plain text files with `.bat` extension.
  - Run sequential commands in CMD automatically.
  - Automate opening programs, running jobs, or managing files.
  - Executable by double-click or from command line.
- Included examples:
  1. Hello World:
     ```
     @echo off
     echo Hello, World!
     pause
     ```
  2. Opening Notepad:
     ```
     @echo off
     start notepad.exe
     ```
  3. Opening IntelliJ IDEA with project file:
     ```
     @echo off
     start "" "C:\Program Files\JetBrains\IntelliJ IDEA Community Edition 2023.3\bin\idea64.exe" "D:\Projects\JavaTutorials\src\Main.java"
     ```

Why
- Provides clear introduction for beginners and developers to automate tasks in Windows.
- Highlights both simple scripting (echo, pause) and real-world usage (launching applications with arguments).
- Explains relation of `.bat` to Windows automation workflows.

How
- Explained role of:
  - `@echo off` → hides commands from being echoed in terminal.
  - `echo` → prints text to console.
  - `pause` → waits for key press before closing window.
  - `start` → opens a new process or window.
- Detailed step-by-step guide to create and run `.bat`:
  1. Write script in text editor.
  2. Save with `.bat` extension.
  3. Double-click file or run in CMD.

Logic
- Inputs: commands listed line by line in `.bat` file.
- Outputs: execution of those commands by Windows CMD.
- Flow:
  - CMD interpreter reads commands from file and executes them in order.
- Edge cases:
  - Quoting required for paths with spaces.
  - Without `""` after `start`, file paths with spaces can fail.
- Complexity / performance: trivial; limited by underlying commands.
- Concurrency / thread-safety: multiple `.bat` files can run independently in different CMD sessions.

Real-life applications
- Launching development tools (IntelliJ, Eclipse, VS Code).
- Running scripts or build jobs in sequence.
- Automating file operations (copy, move, delete).
- Scheduling system tasks via Windows Task Scheduler.
- Useful in deployment and testing pipelines.

Notes
- `.bat` files are older but still widely supported on all modern Windows versions.
- `.cmd` files are nearly identical but introduced with Windows NT; both work with CMD.
- For advanced automation, PowerShell scripts (`.ps1`) provide richer features, but `.bat` remains simple and effective.

Signed-off-by: https://github.com/Someshdiwan <[email protected]>

Author: Someshdiwan

Tips And Tricks/What is a .bat File.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+What is a .bat File?
+
+A .bat (Batch) file is a script file used in Windows to automate tasks.
+It contains a series of commands that are executed sequentially when the file is run.
+
+Key Features of a .bat File
+- It is a text file with the .bat extension.
+- Executes Command Prompt (CMD) commands automatically.
+- Used to automate tasks like opening programs, running scripts, or managing files.
+- Can be run by double-clicking or via the command line.
+
+---
+
+Example 1: A Simple .bat File
+This .bat file prints "Hello, World!" and waits for user input before closing.
+
+@echo off
+echo Hello, World!
+pause
+
+Explanation:
+- @echo off → Hides the commands from being displayed in the console.
+- echo Hello, World! → Prints "Hello, World!" in the command prompt.
+- pause → Waits for user input before closing the window.
+
+---
+
+Example 2: Opening Notepad via .bat
+This script will open Notepad when executed:
+
+@echo off
+start notepad.exe
+
+---
+
+Example 3: Open IntelliJ IDEA via .bat
+If you want to open IntelliJ IDEA and a specific Java file, use:
+
+@echo off
+start "" "C:\Program Files\JetBrains\IntelliJ IDEA Community Edition 2023.3\bin\idea64.exe" "D:\Projects\JavaTutorials\src\Main.java"
+
+How It Works:
+- start "" → Opens a new window (the empty "" prevents command prompt issues).
+- The first path is IntelliJ's .exe file (updated to 2023.3 version in Program Files).
+- The second path is a sample Java file (Main.java) inside a generic project folder on D: drive.
+
+---
+
+📂 How to Create & Run a .bat File
+1. Open Notepad (or any text editor).
+2. Write your batch script (e.g., echo Hello, World!).
+3. Save the file with a .bat extension (e.g., hello.bat).
+4. Double-click the .bat file to execute it.
+
+---
+
+💡 What Can You Do with a .bat File?
+- Automate opening software (IntelliJ, Notepad, Chrome, etc.)
+- Execute multiple commands at once
+- Run scripts and batch jobs
+- Automate file management (copy, move, delete files)
+- Schedule tasks in Windows Task Scheduler
+
+---
+
+Final Summary
+
+| Feature        | Description                         |
+|----------------|-------------------------------------|
+| File Extension | .bat                                |
+| Runs On        | Windows (CMD)                       |
+| Purpose        | Automate tasks & run commands       |
+| Execution      | Double-click or run in CMD          |
+| Example        | Open Notepad: start notepad.exe     |