feat: Demonstrate object attributes with multiple instances of Attributes class

WHAT the code does:
- Defines class Attributes with two private instance variables:
  - int number
  - String word
- In main():
  - Creates two separate objects (object1 and object2).
  - Assigns different values to each object’s fields.
  - Prints selected attributes from each object to show independence.

WHY this matters:
- Shows how **objects in Java maintain their own copies of instance variables**.
- Reinforces the difference between:
  - Class-level (static) variables: shared across all instances.
  - Instance variables: unique per object.
- Demonstrates encapsulation in theory (though fields are directly accessed here).
- Clarifies how multiple objects of the same class can hold different states.

HOW it works:
1. object1 is created:
   - object1.number = 9
   - object1.word = "Grade"
2. object2 is created:
   - object2.number = 2022
   - object2.word = "Java"
3. Printing:
   - object1 prints its number (9).
   - object2 prints its word ("Java").
   - Shows object independence: changing object2 does not affect object1.

Tips and gotchas:
- Fields are declared private but accessed directly in main() because it’s inside the same class.
  - Outside this class, direct access is not possible — you’d need getters and setters.
- Prefer using constructors or setter methods to initialize attributes for better encapsulation.
- Overriding toString() could simplify printing object state (e.g., `System.out.println(object1);`).
- Avoid hardcoding values directly into fields; encapsulation is a better practice.

Use-cases / analogies:
- Think of a class as a blueprint (like a form), and objects as filled-in forms.
  - object1’s form: number=9, word="Grade".
  - object2’s form: number=2022, word="Java".
- Real-world analogy: two smartphones of the same model, but one has different wallpaper and storage space used — same class, different state.

Short key: java-oop object-attributes instance-variables encapsulation object-independence.

Signed-off-by: https://github.com/Someshdiwan <[email protected]>

Author: Someshdiwan

Section16StaticFinal/src/Attributes.java

@@ -1,23 +1,22 @@
-public class Attributes
-{
+public class Attributes {
     private int number; //every 'Attributes' object has a number
     private String word; //every 'Attributes' object has a word
 
-    public static void main(String[] args)
-    {
-        //creating an object
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        //creating an object.
         Attributes object1 = new Attributes();
-        //assigning values to its attributes
+
+        //assigning values to its attributes.
         object1.number = 9;
         object1.word = "Grade";
 
-        //creating a different object with different attributes
+        //creating a different object with different attributes.
         Attributes object2 = new Attributes();
         object2.number = 2022;
         object2.word = "Java";
 
-        //accessing values of attributes of objects
+        //accessing values of attributes of objects.
         System.out.println("object1 has a number " + object1.number);
         System.out.println("object2 has a word " + object2.word);
     }
-}
+}