feat: Add Parent and Child classes to demonstrate constructor chaining in inheritance

WHAT the code does:
Defines Parent with a no-argument constructor printing "Parent Constructor".
Defines Child extending Parent with a no-argument constructor printing "Child Constructor".
Defines ContructorInInheritnce with main():
- Instantiates a Child object.
- Output shows constructor call order.

WHY this matters:
Demonstrates constructor chaining in Java inheritance:
- When a subclass object is created, its superclass constructor is called first.
- Ensures proper initialization of the inheritance hierarchy.
Reinforces that if no explicit super(...) call is provided, Java inserts one automatically.

HOW it works:
Child c = new Child():
- Calls Parent() constructor first → prints "Parent Constructor".
- Then calls Child() constructor → prints "Child Constructor".
Demonstrates implicit invocation of superclass constructors.

Tips and gotchas:
If Parent did not have a no-argument constructor, Child would need to explicitly call super(...) with parameters.
Constructors are not inherited but are chained in the object creation process.
The class name ContructorInInheritnce contains a typo; should be ConstructorInInheritance.
Best practice is to initialize fields in constructors rather than only printing messages.

Use-cases:
Educational demo of constructor behavior in inheritance hierarchies.
Foundation for learning how initialization works in multi-level inheritance.
Practical stepping stone toward using super(...) in parameterized constructors.

Short key: class-parent-child constructor-chaining inheritance.

Signed-off-by: https://github.com/Someshdiwan <[email protected]>

Author: Someshdiwan

Section12Inheritance/src/ContructorInInheritnce.java

@@ -1,21 +1,17 @@
-class Parent
-{
-    public Parent()
-    {
+class Parent {
+    public Parent() {
         System.out.println("Parent Constructor");
     }
 }
-class Child extends Parent
-{
-    public Child(){
+
+class Child extends Parent {
+    public Child() {
         System.out.println("Child Constructor");
     }
 }
 
-
 public class ContructorInInheritnce {
-    public static void main(String[] args)
-    {
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
         Child c = new Child();
     }
-}
+}