update: show new written posts

Author: Starslayerx

content/posts/2025-12-15_python-distilled-01.md

@@ -395,7 +395,7 @@ python3 -m venv myproject
 
 这样将创建一个项目目录叫 myproject，在该目录中将会创建下面的目录结构
 
-```Python
+```text
 myproject
 ├── bin/                # Linux/Mac: 可执行文件目录
 │   ├── python          # Python解释器

content/posts/2025-12-16_python-distilled-02.md

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 +++
-date = '2025-12-15T8:00:00+08:00'
+date = '2025-12-16T8:00:00+08:00'
 draft = false
 title = 'Python Tricks Part 2: Operators, Expressions and Data Manipulation'
 tags = ['Python']

content/posts/2025-12-17_python-distilled-03.md

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 +++
-date = '2025-12-15T8:00:00+08:00'
-draft = true
+date = '2025-12-17T8:00:00+08:00'
+draft = false
 title = 'Python Tricks Part 3: Program Structure and Control Flow'
 tags = ['Python']
 +++

content/posts/2025-12-18_python-distilled-04.md

@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
++++
+date = '2025-12-18T8:00:00+08:00'
+draft = true
+title = 'Python Tricks Part 4: Objects, Types and Protocols'
+tags = ['Python']
++++
+
+## Essential Concepts
+
+每个存储在程序中的数据都是一个对象，每个对象都有一个 identity, type and value （身份、类型和值）。
+例如 `a = 42` 会创建一个整数为 42 的类型，该对象的 identity 是内存中的一个数字，代表其在内存中的位置，`a` 是这个类的标签，指向这个特定的内存位置，标签本身并非对象的一部分。
+
+object 对象的类型，也被称为 class 类，该类定义了对象的内部数据表示，和支持的方法。
+当特定类型的对象创建后，该对象被称为该类的 instance “实例”。
+当实例创建后，其 identity 就不会改变。
+如果一个对象的值可以被修改，则该对象是可变的 mutable。
+如果一个对象的值不可以被修改，则该对象是不可变的 unmutable。
+一个持有对其他对象引用的对象，被称为容器。
+
+对象通过其属性来表征，属性是于对象关联的值，通过点 `.` 运算符来访问。
+属性可以是一个简单的值，例如一个数字，也可以是一个被调用以执行某些操作的函数。
+
+这类函数被称为方法，例如下面这个例子
+
+```Python
+a = 34  # Create an integer
+n = a.number   # Get the numberator (an attribute)
+
+b = [1, 2, 3]  # Create a list
+b.append(4)    # Add a new element using the append method
+```
+
+## Object Identity and Type
+
+内置函数 `id()` 返回对象的 identity，该 identity 是一个整数，通常对应 object 的内存地址。
+`is` 操作符会对比两个对象的 identity，`type()` 返回对象的类型。
+
+下面是一个比较两个类的例子：
+
+```Python
+def compare(a, b):
+    if a is b:
+        print('same object')
+    if a == b:
+        print('same value')
+    if type(a) == type(b):
+        print('same type')
+```
+
+对象的类型本身也是一个对象，称为对象的类。
+这个对象是唯一确定的，对于给定类型的所有实例来说始终相同。
+类通常有名称，这些名称可以用于创建实例（如 list, int, dict），执行类型检查以及进行类型提示。
+
+例如：
+
+```Python
+items = list()
+
+def add_item(items: list, item):
+    if isinstance(items, list):
+        items.append(item)
+
+def remove_item(items: list, item) -> list:
+    return [i for i in items if i != item]
+```
+
+一个 subtype 子类通过 inheritance 定义，其携带有原始类的所有特性，增加或重定义方法。
+`isinstance(instance, type)` 函数是检查值与类型是否匹配的首选方法，因为它能够识别子类型，该函数还可以同时检查多种可能的类型。
+
+```Python
+class mylist(list):
+    pass
+
+if isinstance(items, (list, tuple)):
+    maxval = max(items)
+```

public/archives/index.html

@@ -51,15 +51,18 @@
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-posts</p></div></div><div class="ml-12 space-y-3"><article class="group bg-card border-border hover:bg-accent/50 rounded-lg border p-4 transition-all duration-300"><div class="flex items-center justify-between gap-4"><div class="min-w-0 flex-1"><h4 class="text-foreground group-hover:text-primary mb-3 font-medium transition-colors duration-200"><a href=/posts/python-tricks-part-1-basis/ class=block>Python Tricks Part 1: Basis</a></h4><div class="text-muted-foreground flex items-center gap-4 text-xs"><div class="flex items-center gap-1"><svg class="h-3 w-3" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M8 7V3m8 4V3m-9 8h10M5 21h14a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2H5A2 2 0 003 7v12a2 2 0 002 2z"/></svg>
-<time datetime=2025-12-15>12-15</time></div><div class="flex items-center gap-1"><svg class="h-3 w-3" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M12 8v4l3 3m6-3A9 9 0 113 12a9 9 0 0118 0z"/></svg>
-<span>6
+<span>88 posts total</span></div><div class="flex items-center gap-1"><svg class="h-4 w-4" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M8 7V3m8 4V3m-9 8h10M5 21h14a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2H5A2 2 0 003 7v12a2 2 0 002 2z"/></svg>
+<span>Timeline view</span></div></div></header><div class=relative><div class="bg-border absolute top-0 bottom-0 left-4 w-0.5"></div><div class=mb-12><div class="relative mb-8 flex items-center"><div class="bg-primary absolute left-0 z-10 flex h-8 w-8 items-center justify-center rounded-full"><svg class="h-4 w-4 text-primary-foreground" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M8 7V3m8 4V3m-9 8h10M5 21h14a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2H5A2 2 0 003 7v12a2 2 0 002 2z"/></svg></div><div class=ml-12><h2 class="text-foreground text-2xl font-bold">2025</h2><p class="text-muted-foreground text-sm">86
+posts</p></div></div><div class="relative mb-8"><div class="relative mb-4 flex items-center"><div class="bg-accent border-background absolute left-2 z-10 h-4 w-4 rounded-full border-2"></div><div class=ml-12><h3 class="text-foreground text-lg font-semibold">December 2025</h3><p class="text-muted-foreground text-xs">6
+posts</p></div></div><div class="ml-12 space-y-3"><article class="group bg-card border-border hover:bg-accent/50 rounded-lg border p-4 transition-all duration-300"><div class="flex items-center justify-between gap-4"><div class="min-w-0 flex-1"><h4 class="text-foreground group-hover:text-primary mb-3 font-medium transition-colors duration-200"><a href=/posts/python-tricks-part-3-program-structure-and-control-flow/ class=block>Python Tricks Part 3: Program Structure and Control Flow</a></h4><div class="text-muted-foreground flex items-center gap-4 text-xs"><div class="flex items-center gap-1"><svg class="h-3 w-3" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M8 7V3m8 4V3m-9 8h10M5 21h14a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2H5A2 2 0 003 7v12a2 2 0 002 2z"/></svg>
+<time datetime=2025-12-17>12-17</time></div><div class="flex items-center gap-1"><svg class="h-3 w-3" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M12 8v4l3 3m6-3A9 9 0 113 12a9 9 0 0118 0z"/></svg>
+<span>10
 min</span></div></div></div></div></article><article class="group bg-card border-border hover:bg-accent/50 rounded-lg border p-4 transition-all duration-300"><div class="flex items-center justify-between gap-4"><div class="min-w-0 flex-1"><h4 class="text-foreground group-hover:text-primary mb-3 font-medium transition-colors duration-200"><a href=/posts/python-tricks-part-2-operators-expressions-and-data-manipulation/ class=block>Python Tricks Part 2: Operators, Expressions and Data Manipulation</a></h4><div class="text-muted-foreground flex items-center gap-4 text-xs"><div class="flex items-center gap-1"><svg class="h-3 w-3" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M8 7V3m8 4V3m-9 8h10M5 21h14a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2H5A2 2 0 003 7v12a2 2 0 002 2z"/></svg>
-<time datetime=2025-12-15>12-15</time></div><div class="flex items-center gap-1"><svg class="h-3 w-3" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M12 8v4l3 3m6-3A9 9 0 113 12a9 9 0 0118 0z"/></svg>
+<time datetime=2025-12-16>12-16</time></div><div class="flex items-center gap-1"><svg class="h-3 w-3" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M12 8v4l3 3m6-3A9 9 0 113 12a9 9 0 0118 0z"/></svg>
 <span>3
+min</span></div></div></div></div></article><article class="group bg-card border-border hover:bg-accent/50 rounded-lg border p-4 transition-all duration-300"><div class="flex items-center justify-between gap-4"><div class="min-w-0 flex-1"><h4 class="text-foreground group-hover:text-primary mb-3 font-medium transition-colors duration-200"><a href=/posts/python-tricks-part-1-basis/ class=block>Python Tricks Part 1: Basis</a></h4><div class="text-muted-foreground flex items-center gap-4 text-xs"><div class="flex items-center gap-1"><svg class="h-3 w-3" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M8 7V3m8 4V3m-9 8h10M5 21h14a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2H5A2 2 0 003 7v12a2 2 0 002 2z"/></svg>
+<time datetime=2025-12-15>12-15</time></div><div class="flex items-center gap-1"><svg class="h-3 w-3" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M12 8v4l3 3m6-3A9 9 0 113 12a9 9 0 0118 0z"/></svg>
+<span>6
 min</span></div></div></div></div></article><article class="group bg-card border-border hover:bg-accent/50 rounded-lg border p-4 transition-all duration-300"><div class="flex items-center justify-between gap-4"><div class="min-w-0 flex-1"><h4 class="text-foreground group-hover:text-primary mb-3 font-medium transition-colors duration-200"><a href=/posts/git-cherry-pick/ class=block>Git cherry-pick</a></h4><div class="text-muted-foreground flex items-center gap-4 text-xs"><div class="flex items-center gap-1"><svg class="h-3 w-3" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M8 7V3m8 4V3m-9 8h10M5 21h14a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2H5A2 2 0 003 7v12a2 2 0 002 2z"/></svg>
 <time datetime=2025-12-08>12-08</time></div><div class="flex items-center gap-1"><svg class="h-3 w-3" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M12 8v4l3 3m6-3A9 9 0 113 12a9 9 0 0118 0z"/></svg>
 <span>2