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arch.rst

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@@ -348,37 +348,37 @@ the EPC:
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- AUSF (Authentication Server Function): Essentially an authentication
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server. Includes part of the functionality in the EPC’s HSS.
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The second group also runs in the Control Plane (CP) but does not have a
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counterpart in the EPC:
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The second group also runs in the Control Plane (CP) but does not have
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a direct counterpart in the EPC:
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- SDSF (Structured Data Storage Network Function): A “helper” service
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used to store structured data. Might be implemented by an “SQL
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used to store structured data. Could be implemented by an “SQL
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Database” in a microservices-based system.
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- UDSF (Unstructured Data Storage Network Function): A “helper” service
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used to store unstructured data. Might be implemented by a “Key/Value
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used to store unstructured data. Could be implemented by a “Key/Value
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Store” in a microservices-based system.
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- NEF (Network Exposure Function): A means to expose select
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capabilities to third-party services, including translation between
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internal and external representations for data. Might be implemented
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internal and external representations for data. Could be implemented
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by an “API Server” in a microservices-based system.
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- NFR (NF Repository Function): A means to discover available services.
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Might be implemented by a “Discovery Service” in a
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Could be implemented by a “Discovery Service” in a
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microservices-based system.
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- NSSF (Network Slicing Selector Function): A means to select a Network
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Slice to serve a given UE. Network slices are essentially a way to
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differentiate service given to different users. It is a key feature
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of 5G that we discuss in depth later in this tutorial.
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of 5G that we discuss in depth later in a later chapter.
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The third group includes the one component that runs in the User Plane
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(UP):
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- UPF (User Plane Function): Forwards traffic between RAN and the
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Internet, corresponding to the S/PGW combination in EPC. In addition
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to packet forwarding, responsible for policy enforcement, lawful
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to packet forwarding, it responsible for policy enforcement, lawful
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intercept, traffic usage reporting, and QoS policing.
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Of these, the first and third groups are best viewed as a
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Of particular note, introducing distinct storage services means that all
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the other services can be stateless, and hence, more readily scalable.
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Also note that :ref:`Figure 3.10 <fig-5g-core>` adopts an idea that’s
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common in microservice-based systems, namely, to show a message bus
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common in microservice-based systems, namely, to show a *message bus*
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interconnecting all the components rather than including a full set of
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pairwise connections. This also suggests a well-understood
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implementation strategy.
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discussion gets to implementation details, the more specific we have to
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be about whether we are using 4G components or 5G components. As a
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general rule, we use 4G components—particularly with respect to the
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Mobile Core, since that’s the available open source software—and trust
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Mobile Core, since that’s what's available in open source today—and trust
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the reader can make the appropriate substitution without loss of
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generality. Like the broader industry, the open source community is in
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the process of incrementally evolving its 4G code base into its

intro.rst

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@@ -22,27 +22,28 @@ from their smartphones, but also swarms of autonomous devices working
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together on their behalf. All of this requires a fundamentally
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different architecture.
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The requirements for this architecture are ambitious. They can be
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summarized along three dimensions:
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- *Massive Internet-of-Things*, potentially including devices with
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ultra-low energy (10+ years of battery life), ultra-low complexity
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(10s of bits-per-second), and ultra-high density (1 million nodes
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per squared-km).
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- *Mission-Critical Control*, potentially including ultra-high availability
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(greater than :math:`10^{-5}` per ms), ultra-low latency
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(as low as 1 ms), and extreme mobility (up to 100 km/h).
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- *Enhaned Mobile Broadband*, potentially including extreme capacity
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(10 Tbps per squared-km) and extreme data rates
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The requirements for this architecture are ambitious, and can be
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summarized as having three primary objectives:
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- To support *Massive Internet-of-Things*, potentially including
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devices with ultra-low energy (10+ years of battery life), ultra-low
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complexity (10s of bits-per-second), and ultra-high density (1
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million nodes per square kilometer).
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- To support *Mission-Critical Control*, potentially including
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ultra-high availability (greater than :math:`10^{-5}` per ms),
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ultra-low latency (as low as 1 ms), and extreme mobility (up to 100
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km/h).
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- To support *Enhaned Mobile Broadband*, potentially including extreme
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capacity (10 Tbps per square kilometer) and extreme data rates
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(multi-Gbps peak, 100+ Mbps sustained).
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These goals will certainly not be met overnight, but that's in keeping
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These targets will certainly not be met overnight, but that's in keeping
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with each generation of the mobile network being a decade-long
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endeavor.
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This book describes the 5G cellular network, which because it is on an
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The 5G mobile network, because it is on an
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evolutionary path and not a point solution, includes standardized
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specifications, a range of implementation choices, and a long list of
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aspirational goals. Because this leaves so much room for interpretation,
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While the specific frequency band is not directly relevant to
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understanding 5G from an architectural perspective, it does impact the
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physical-layer components, which in turn has indirect ramifications on
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the overall 5G system. We will identify and explain these ramifications
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the overall 5G system. We identify and explain these ramifications
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in later chapters.
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1.2 Access Networks

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