[FEATURE] Change a TYPO3 Site's Default Language and Clearing the Frontend Cache in the TYPO3 Backend (#30)

Author: ninaaline

Documentation/10GettingStarted/20BasicConfiguration/10BackendBasics/ClearingFrontendCacheInTypo3Backend.md

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+# Clearing the Frontend Cache in the TYPO3 Backend
+
+<!--#TYPO3v13 #Beginner #Backend #Cache #FrontendCache @ninaaline -->
+
+After making changes to your TYPO3 website's content, templates, or configuration, the site's frontend may not immediately reflect these updates.
+This is typically due to the frontend cache, which stores a static version of your pages to ensure fast delivery to visitors.
+To force the website to display your latest changes, you must manually clear this cache.
+
+## Learning objective
+
+In this step-by-step guide, you will learn how to clear the TYPO3 frontend cache using the Flush Frontend Caches function available in the administrative toolbar.
+
+## Prerequisites
+
+### Tools and technology
+
+* A computer with a local TYPO3 installation
+* Access to the TYPO3 backend (admin account or user with cache clearing permissions)
+* A web browser
+
+### Knowledge and skills
+
+* You know how to [Log in in to the TYPO3 backend](LogInToTheTypo3Backend.md)
+* You can [Locate and use the TYPO3 backend's administrative toolbar](LocateAndUseTheTypo3BackendsAdministrativeToolbar.md) in the TYPO3 backend.
+
+## Clearing the Frontend Cache
+
+1. Log in to your TYPO3 backend as explained in [Log in in to the TYPO3 backend](LogInToTheTypo3Backend.md).
+2. In the backend, locate the administrative toolbar at the top of the screen. This bar contains various administrative icons, including the cache icon.
+
+   ![TYPO3 administrative toolbar with five icons including the lightning for clearing caches](Images/ClearingFrontendCacheInTypo3Backend/Toolbar.png)
+3. Click on the lightning icon (the clear cache icon) in the administrative toolbar. This action will open a dropdown menu with two cache-related options.
+4. From the dropdown menu, select the option labeled "Flush frontend caches"
+
+   ![Flush frontend cache Button with a green lightning icon](Images/ClearingFrontendCacheInTypo3Backend/FlushFrontendCache.png)
+
+> [!NOTE]
+> You might also see "Flush All Caches". Only use this option if "Flush Frontend Caches" doesn't solve your issue, as clearing all caches can take longer and may temporarily slow down the backend.
+
+5. After clicking the option, the lightning icon will display a brief loading spinner animation to indicate the cache is being cleared. The spinner will disappear quickly (usually within a few seconds) once the process is complete.
+6. Verify your changes by opening your website's frontend in a new browser tab and reloading the page. It's highly recommended to perform a **hard refresh** (pressing Ctrl + F5 or Cmd + Shift + R) to bypass your browser's local cache as well. The website should now display your latest updates.
+
+## Summary
+
+You successfully cleared the TYPO3 frontend cache by using the Flush Frontend Caches option in the administrative toolbar.
+
+You confirmed the action's success by observing the loading indicator or notification, depending on your TYPO3 version.
+
+## Resources
+
+* [Caching in TYPO3](https://docs.typo3.org/permalink/t3coreapi:caching)

Documentation/10GettingStarted/20BasicConfiguration/10BackendBasics/Images/ClearingFrontendCacheInTypo3Backend/FlushFrontendCache.png

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+# Change A TYPO3 Site's Default Language
+
+<!--#TYPO3v13 #Beginner #Configuration @ninaaline -->
+
+A TYPO3 site's language configuration controls the primary language for your website content. Changing the default language ensures that your site displays content in the language that matches your target audience. This guide shows you how to modify the default site language in TYPO3 13.4.
+
+## Learning objective
+
+In this step-by-step guide you will learn how to change your TYPO3 site's default content language from English to another language using the Site Management module.
+
+## Prerequisites
+
+### Tools and technology
+
+* A computer with a local TYPO3 13.4 installation
+* Access to the TYPO3 backend (admin account)
+* A web browser
+
+### Knowledge and skills
+
+* You know how to [Log in in to the TYPO3 backend](LogInToTheTypo3Backend.md)
+* You have a basic understanding of [ISO language codes](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_ISO_639_language_codes) (e.g., "en" for English, "de" for German)
+
+## Understanding the default language
+
+TYPO3's default language is the primary language configured for your website content. This setting:
+
+* Defines the language for your default content in the page tree
+* Sets the fallback language when translations are not available
+* Determines the language displayed to frontend visitors by default
+
+The default language is always represented by language ID "0" in TYPO3's system.
+
+> [!NOTE]
+> This guide covers the *site content language* (what visitors see). The *backend interface language* (admin menu labels and buttons) is a separate setting that each backend user configures in their personal user settings.
+
+## Change the default language
+
+1. In the backend, navigate to **Site Management** > **Sites** from the left-hand menu.
+
+   ![TYPO3 sidebar menu displays the Site Management Section with the site module underneath it.](Images/ChangeATypo3SitesDefaultLanguage/SiteModule.png)
+2. Click on your site configuration (typically named "main" or your domain name) and open on the **Languages** tab.![Site Configuration Menu displays four tabs: General, Languages (highlighted), Error Handling and Static Routes](Images/ChangeATypo3SitesDefaultLanguage/LanguageTab.png)
+3. Find the default language entry (listed first with language ID "0" and usually in English).
+4. Click the on the default language entry.
+5. The language configuration form is opening:
+
+   ![The Language Configurations Form displaying the Configuration for English with multiple options like Title, Locale, Entry Point and Navigation Title](Images/ChangeATypo3SitesDefaultLanguage/LanguageConfigurations.png)
+
+   **Update these fields:**
+
+   * **Title**: Enter your new default language name (e.g., "German")
+   * **Locale**: Enter the locale code by using the dropdown menu (e.g., "de_DE.UTF-8" for German, "fr_FR.UTF-8" for French)
+   * **Language Tag**: Enter the IETF language tag (e.g., "de-DE" for German, "fr-FR" for French)
+   * **Base URL**: Keep this as "/" (as your default page entry)
+   * **Navigation Title:** Type in the Language Title for your Navigation (e.g. "German")
+   * **Flag item:** Search for the right flag icon for your language
+6. For German your changes should look like this now:
+
+   ![The Language Configurations Form displaying the changed Configuration for German now with multiple options like Title, Locale, Entry Point and Navigation Title](Images/ChangeATypo3SitesDefaultLanguage/ChangedLanguageConfiguration.png)
+
+   Click **Save** to apply your changes.
+7. Go to the **Page** Module and click on a page in the pagetree.![TYPO3 sidebar menu displays three options: Page (highlighted), View, List, and Forms, each with corresponding icons.](Images/ChangeATypo3SitesDefaultLanguage/Pagetree.png)
+
+
+8. You can see a little flag-icon on your content. Verify that the new flag is shown.
+   ![A Regular Text Element with a little flag icon next to it. ](Images/ChangeATypo3SitesDefaultLanguage/LanguageFlag.png)
+9. Open your website's frontend in a new browser tab and verify that the language settings have been applied correctly.
+
+## Summary
+
+You successfully changed your TYPO3 site's default content language by editing the language configuration in the Site Management module. Your website now uses the new language for all default content.
+
+> [!IMPORTANT]
+> Changing the default language updates the language identifier and configuration, but does not automatically translate your existing content. You need to manually translate or update content to match the new default language.
+
+## Next steps
+
+Now that you've changed the default language, you might like to:
+
+* [Configure additional content languages](../../../20BuildingWebsites/20MultilingualWebsites/10ConfigureContentLanguages/Index.md) to create a multilingual website
+* [Translate existing content](../../../20BuildingWebsites/20MultilingualWebsites/20TranslateContent/Index.md) into your new default language
+* [Manage language fallbacks](../../../20BuildingWebsites/20MultilingualWebsites/30ManageLanguageFallbacks/Index.md) for handling missing translations
+
+## Resources
+
+* [TYPO3 Site Handling Documentation](https://docs.typo3.org/permalink/t3coreapi:sitehandling)
+* [Language Configuration Reference](https://docs.typo3.org/permalink/t3coreapi:sitehandling-addinglanguages)
+* [List of ISO 639 language codes](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_ISO_639_language_codes)