Add palindrome number checker

Author: amank-23

math/palindrome_number.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+/**
+* @file
+ * @brief Check if a number is a [palindrome number](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palindrome)
+ *
+ * @details
+ * A palindrome number is a number that reads the same forward and backward.
+ * Examples: 121, 1331, 5445.
+ *
+ * This implementation reverses the digits of the number and compares it
+ * with the original value.
+ *
+ * @author [Aman Keshav Prasad](https://github.com/amank-23)
+ */
+
+#include <cassert>   /// for assert
+#include <iostream>  /// for IO operations
+
+/**
+ * @namespace math
+ * @brief Mathematical algorithms
+ */
+namespace math {
+
+/**
+ * @brief Function to check if a given number is a palindrome.
+ * @param num number to check
+ * @return true if num is pallindrome, false otherwise
+ */
+bool is_palindrome(int num) {
+    if (num < 0) {
+        return false;  // negative numbers are not palindrome
+    }
+
+    int original = num;
+    int reversed = 0;
+
+    while (num > 0) {
+        int digit = num % 10;
+        reversed = reversed * 10 + digit;
+        num /= 10;
+    }
+
+    return original == reversed;
+}
+
+}  // namespace math
+
+/**
+ * @brief Self-test implementations
+ */
+static void tests() {
+    assert(math::is_palindrome(121) == true);
+    assert(math::is_palindrome(5445) == true);
+    assert(math::is_palindrome(10) == false);
+    assert(math::is_palindrome(123) == false);
+    assert(math::is_palindrome(-121) == false);
+    assert(math::is_palindrome(0) == true);
+
+    std::cout << "All tests have successfully passed!\n";
+}
+
+/**
+ * @brief Main function
+ */
+int main() {
+    tests();
+    return 0;
+}