Added Kadane's Algorithm with start and end index tracking

Author: Karan2805-glitch

dynamic_programming/kadanes_algorithm_with_indices.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+#include <bits/stdc++.h>
+using namespace std;
+
+/*
+Kadane's Algorithm (with index tracking)
+Time Complexity: O(n)
+*/
+
+pair<int, pair<int, int>> kadane_with_indices(const vector<int>& arr) {
+    int max_sum = INT_MIN;
+    int current_sum = 0;
+    int start = 0, temp_start = 0, end = 0;
+
+    for (int i = 0; i < arr.size(); i++) {
+        current_sum += arr[i];
+
+        if (current_sum > max_sum) {
+            max_sum = current_sum;
+            start = temp_start;
+            end = i;
+        }
+
+        if (current_sum < 0) {
+            current_sum = 0;
+            temp_start = i + 1;
+        }
+    }
+    return {max_sum, {start, end}};
+}
+
+int main() {
+    vector<int> arr = {-2, -3, 4, -1, -2, 1, 5, -3};
+
+    auto result = kadane_with_indices(arr);
+    cout << "Maximum Subarray Sum: " << result.first << "\n";
+    cout << "Start Index: " << result.second.first << "\n";
+    cout << "End Index: " << result.second.second << "\n";
+
+    return 0;
+}