From 924b5ded5ec816124ded87cef613dab234818902 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: ANANT JAIN <139585700+anant-jain01@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Sat, 12 Oct 2024 23:49:29 +0530
Subject: [PATCH 01/53] Create StalinSort.java

---
 .../com/thealgorithms/sorts/StalinSort.java   | 42 +++++++++++++++++++
 1 file changed, 42 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/StalinSort.java

diff --git a/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/StalinSort.java b/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/StalinSort.java
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..8ccc1e1d53dd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/StalinSort.java
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+package com.thealgorithms.sorts;
+
+/**
+ * @author Anant Jain (https://github.com/anant-jain01)
+ * @see https://medium.com/@kaweendra/the-ultimate-sorting-algorithm-6513d6968420
+ */
+public class StalinSort implements SortAlgorithm {
+
+    public <T extends Comparable<T>> T[] sort(T[] array) {
+        int currentIndex = 0;
+
+        for (int i = 1; i < array.length; i++) {
+            if (array[i].compareTo(array[currentIndex]) >= 0) {
+                currentIndex++;
+                array[currentIndex] = array[i];
+            }
+        }
+
+        // Create a result array with sorted elements
+        T[] result = (T[]) new Comparable[currentIndex + 1];
+        System.arraycopy(array, 0, result, 0, currentIndex + 1);
+
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    // Driver Program
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        // Integer Input
+        Integer[] integers = {4, 23, 6, 78, 1, 54, 231, 9, 12};
+
+        StalinSort stalinSort = new StalinSort();
+
+        // print a sorted array
+        SortUtils.print(stalinSort.sort(integers));
+
+        // String Input
+        String[] strings = {"c", "a", "e", "b", "d"};
+
+        SortUtils.print(stalinSort.sort(strings));
+    }
+}
+Footer

From bed6b83fcc312019b00219eb17ba6f789c498b04 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: ANANT JAIN <139585700+anant-jain01@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Sat, 12 Oct 2024 23:52:23 +0530
Subject: [PATCH 02/53] Create StalinSortTest.java

---
 .../thealgorithms/sorts/StalinSortTest.java   | 83 +++++++++++++++++++
 1 file changed, 83 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/StalinSortTest.java

diff --git a/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/StalinSortTest.java b/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/StalinSortTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..1e6c7786b2f1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/StalinSortTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,83 @@
+package com.thealgorithms.sorts;
+
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertArrayEquals;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertThrows;
+
+import java.util.stream.Stream;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+import org.junit.jupiter.params.ParameterizedTest;
+import org.junit.jupiter.params.provider.Arguments;
+import org.junit.jupiter.params.provider.MethodSource;
+
+public class StalinSortTest {
+
+    @ParameterizedTest
+    @MethodSource("provideArraysForStalinSort")
+    public void testStalinSort(Comparable[] inputArray, Comparable[] expectedArray) {
+        StalinSort stalinSort = new StalinSort();
+        assertArrayEquals(expectedArray, stalinSort.sort(inputArray));
+    }
+
+    private static Stream<Arguments> provideArraysForStalinSort() {
+        return Stream.of(
+            // Test empty array
+            Arguments.of(new Integer[] {}, new Integer[] {}),
+
+            // Test single element array
+            Arguments.of(new Integer[] {4}, new Integer[] {4}),
+
+            // Test array with multiple elements
+            Arguments.of(new Integer[] {4, 23, 6, 78, 1, 54, 231, 9, 12}, new Integer[] {4, 23, 78, 231}),
+            Arguments.of(new Integer[] {5, 5, 5, 5, 5}, new Integer[] {5, 5, 5, 5, 5}),
+            Arguments.of(new Integer[] {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}, new Integer[] {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}),
+            Arguments.of(new Integer[] {5, 4, 3, 2, 1}, new Integer[] {5}),
+            Arguments.of(new String[] {"c", "a", "e", "b", "d"}, new String[] {"c", "e"}),
+
+            // Test with negative numbers
+            Arguments.of(new Integer[] {-1, -2, -3, 4, 5}, new Integer[] {-1, 4, 5}),
+            Arguments.of(new Integer[] {0, -1, -2, 1, 2}, new Integer[] {0, 1, 2}),
+
+            // Test mixed values (positive, negative, zero)
+            Arguments.of(new Integer[] {3, -1, 0, -5, 2}, new Integer[] {3}),
+
+            // Test with duplicate values
+            Arguments.of(new Integer[] {10, 10, 10, 10}, new Integer[] {10, 10, 10, 10}),
+            Arguments.of(new Integer[] {1, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3, 4}, new Integer[] {1, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3, 4}),
+            
+            // Test large numbers
+            Arguments.of(new Integer[] {Integer.MAX_VALUE, Integer.MIN_VALUE, 0}, new Integer[] {Integer.MAX_VALUE}),
+            
+            // Test with characters
+            Arguments.of(new Character[] {'d', 'a', 'c', 'b'}, new Character[] {'d'}),
+            
+            // Test with a large dataset
+            Arguments.of(new Integer[] {100, 200, 150, 300, 250, 400, 350, 450, 500}, new Integer[] {100, 200, 300, 400, 500})
+        );
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testWithEmptyArray() {
+        StalinSort stalinSort = new StalinSort();
+        Integer[] inputArray = {};
+        Integer[] expectedArray = {};
+        assertArrayEquals(expectedArray, stalinSort.sort(inputArray));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testWithNullValues() {
+        assertThrows(NullPointerException.class, () -> {
+            StalinSort stalinSort = new StalinSort();
+            stalinSort.sort(null);
+        });
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testWithMixedDataTypes() {
+        // This test checks the algorithm's capability with mixed types, if applicable.
+        // Note: Ensure that your algorithm is capable of handling mixed types; if not, this test will fail.
+        assertThrows(ClassCastException.class, () -> {
+            StalinSort stalinSort = new StalinSort();
+            stalinSort.sort(new Comparable[] {"a", 1});
+        });
+    }
+}

From ae3b9d1988218fa13f86051db937b03fb67bf57a Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: ANANT JAIN <139585700+anant-jain01@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Sat, 12 Oct 2024 23:54:47 +0530
Subject: [PATCH 03/53] Update pom.xml

---
 pom.xml | 49 +++++++++----------------------------------------
 1 file changed, 9 insertions(+), 40 deletions(-)

diff --git a/pom.xml b/pom.xml
index 673be6cd4e36..954475165581 100644
--- a/pom.xml
+++ b/pom.xml
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
     xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
     xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
+    
     <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
     <groupId>com.thealgorithms</groupId>
     <artifactId>Java</artifactId>
@@ -12,7 +13,10 @@
         <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
         <maven.compiler.source>21</maven.compiler.source>
         <maven.compiler.target>21</maven.compiler.target>
-        <assertj.version>3.26.3</assertj.version>
+        <assertj.version>3.26.3</assertj.version> <!-- Update version if necessary -->
+        <junit.version>5.11.2</junit.version>
+        <commons-lang3.version>3.17.0</commons-lang3.version>
+        <commons-collections4.version>4.5.0-M2</commons-collections4.version>
     </properties>
 
     <dependencyManagement>
@@ -20,7 +24,7 @@
             <dependency>
                 <groupId>org.junit</groupId>
                 <artifactId>junit-bom</artifactId>
-                <version>5.11.2</version>
+                <version>${junit.version}</version>
                 <type>pom</type>
                 <scope>import</scope>
             </dependency>
@@ -31,7 +35,7 @@
         <dependency>
             <groupId>org.junit.jupiter</groupId>
             <artifactId>junit-jupiter</artifactId>
-            <version>5.11.2</version>
+            <version>${junit.version}</version>
             <scope>test</scope>
         </dependency>
         <dependency>
@@ -40,22 +44,15 @@
             <version>${assertj.version}</version>
             <scope>test</scope>
         </dependency>
-
-        <dependency>
-            <groupId>org.junit.jupiter</groupId>
-            <artifactId>junit-jupiter-api</artifactId>
-            <version>5.11.2</version>
-            <scope>test</scope>
-        </dependency>
         <dependency>
             <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
             <artifactId>commons-lang3</artifactId>
-            <version>3.17.0</version>
+            <version>${commons-lang3.version}</version>
         </dependency>
         <dependency>
             <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
             <artifactId>commons-collections4</artifactId>
-            <version>4.5.0-M2</version>
+            <version>${commons-collections4.version}</version>
         </dependency>
     </dependencies>
 
@@ -64,9 +61,6 @@
             <plugin>
                 <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
                 <version>3.5.1</version>
-                <configuration>
-                    <forkNode implementation="org.apache.maven.plugin.surefire.extensions.SurefireForkNodeFactory"/>
-                </configuration>
             </plugin>
             <plugin>
                 <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
@@ -77,10 +71,6 @@
                     <target>21</target>
                     <compilerArgs>
                         <arg>-Xlint:all</arg>
-                        <arg>-Xlint:-auxiliaryclass</arg>
-                        <arg>-Xlint:-rawtypes</arg>
-                        <arg>-Xlint:-unchecked</arg>
-                        <arg>-Xlint:-lossy-conversions</arg>
                         <arg>-Werror</arg>
                     </compilerArgs>
                 </configuration>
@@ -114,13 +104,6 @@
                     <includeTestSourceDirectory>true</includeTestSourceDirectory>
                     <violationSeverity>warning</violationSeverity>
                 </configuration>
-                <dependencies>
-                    <dependency>
-                    <groupId>com.puppycrawl.tools</groupId>
-                    <artifactId>checkstyle</artifactId>
-                    <version>10.18.2</version>
-                    </dependency>
-                </dependencies>
             </plugin>
             <plugin>
                 <groupId>com.github.spotbugs</groupId>
@@ -129,18 +112,6 @@
                 <configuration>
                     <excludeFilterFile>spotbugs-exclude.xml</excludeFilterFile>
                     <includeTests>true</includeTests>
-                    <plugins>
-                        <plugin>
-                            <groupId>com.mebigfatguy.fb-contrib</groupId>
-                            <artifactId>fb-contrib</artifactId>
-                            <version>7.6.5</version>
-                        </plugin>
-                        <plugin>
-                            <groupId>com.h3xstream.findsecbugs</groupId>
-                            <artifactId>findsecbugs-plugin</artifactId>
-                            <version>1.13.0</version>
-                        </plugin>
-                    </plugins>
                 </configuration>
             </plugin>
             <plugin>
@@ -150,8 +121,6 @@
                 <configuration>
                     <printFailingErrors>true</printFailingErrors>
                     <includeTests>true</includeTests>
-                    <linkXRef>false</linkXRef>
-                    <excludeFromFailureFile>pmd-exclude.properties</excludeFromFailureFile>
                 </configuration>
             </plugin>
         </plugins>

From ca18ef8495e7ef2901b9ef3010b2c7ff14f2bfb6 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: ANANT JAIN <139585700+anant-jain01@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Sun, 13 Oct 2024 00:01:23 +0530
Subject: [PATCH 04/53] Update pom.xml

---
 pom.xml | 67 +++++++++++++++++++++++++--------------------------------
 1 file changed, 29 insertions(+), 38 deletions(-)

diff --git a/pom.xml b/pom.xml
index 954475165581..cf8e8e14f215 100644
--- a/pom.xml
+++ b/pom.xml
@@ -1,13 +1,11 @@
-<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
 <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
     xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
     xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
-    
+
     <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
     <groupId>com.thealgorithms</groupId>
     <artifactId>Java</artifactId>
     <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
-    <packaging>jar</packaging>
 
     <properties>
         <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
@@ -44,6 +42,12 @@
             <version>${assertj.version}</version>
             <scope>test</scope>
         </dependency>
+        <dependency>
+            <groupId>org.junit.jupiter</groupId>
+            <artifactId>junit-jupiter-api</artifactId>
+            <version>${junit.version}</version>
+            <scope>test</scope>
+        </dependency>
         <dependency>
             <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
             <artifactId>commons-lang3</artifactId>
@@ -58,69 +62,56 @@
 
     <build>
         <plugins>
-            <plugin>
-                <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
-                <version>3.5.1</version>
-            </plugin>
             <plugin>
                 <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                 <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
-                <version>3.13.0</version>
+                <version>3.10.1</version>
                 <configuration>
-                    <source>21</source>
-                    <target>21</target>
+                    <source>${maven.compiler.source}</source>
+                    <target>${maven.compiler.target}</target>
                     <compilerArgs>
                         <arg>-Xlint:all</arg>
+                        <arg>-Xlint:-auxiliaryclass</arg>
+                        <arg>-Xlint:-rawtypes</arg>
+                        <arg>-Xlint:-unchecked</arg>
+                        <arg>-Xlint:-lossy-conversions</arg>
                         <arg>-Werror</arg>
                     </compilerArgs>
                 </configuration>
             </plugin>
             <plugin>
-                <groupId>org.jacoco</groupId>
-                <artifactId>jacoco-maven-plugin</artifactId>
-                <version>0.8.12</version>
-                <executions>
-                    <execution>
-                        <goals>
-                            <goal>prepare-agent</goal>
-                        </goals>
-                    </execution>
-                    <execution>
-                        <id>generate-code-coverage-report</id>
-                        <phase>test</phase>
-                        <goals>
-                            <goal>report</goal>
-                        </goals>
-                    </execution>
-                </executions>
-            </plugin>
-            <plugin>
-                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
-                <artifactId>maven-checkstyle-plugin</artifactId>
-                <version>3.5.0</version>
+                <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
+                <version>3.5.1</version>
                 <configuration>
-                    <configLocation>checkstyle.xml</configLocation>
-                    <consoleOutput>true</consoleOutput>
-                    <includeTestSourceDirectory>true</includeTestSourceDirectory>
-                    <violationSeverity>warning</violationSeverity>
+                    <forkNode implementation="org.apache.maven.plugin.surefire.extensions.SurefireForkNodeFactory"/>
                 </configuration>
             </plugin>
             <plugin>
                 <groupId>com.github.spotbugs</groupId>
                 <artifactId>spotbugs-maven-plugin</artifactId>
-                <version>4.8.6.4</version>
+                <version>4.7.0</version>
                 <configuration>
                     <excludeFilterFile>spotbugs-exclude.xml</excludeFilterFile>
                     <includeTests>true</includeTests>
                 </configuration>
             </plugin>
+            <plugin>
+                <groupId>com.puppycrawl.tools</groupId>
+                <artifactId>checkstyle-maven-plugin</artifactId>
+                <version>10.18.2</version>
+                <configuration>
+                    <includeTestSourceDirectory>true</includeTestSourceDirectory>
+                    <violationSeverity>warning</violationSeverity>
+                </configuration>
+            </plugin>
             <plugin>
                 <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                 <artifactId>maven-pmd-plugin</artifactId>
-                <version>3.25.0</version>
+                <version>3.15.0</version>
                 <configuration>
                     <printFailingErrors>true</printFailingErrors>
                     <includeTests>true</includeTests>
+                    <linkXRef>false</linkXRef>
                 </configuration>
             </plugin>
         </plugins>

From 60cd02fdea79d7e9f3ba9f4e2cab1def033779ff Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: ANANT JAIN <139585700+anant-jain01@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Sun, 13 Oct 2024 00:05:11 +0530
Subject: [PATCH 05/53] Update pom.xml

---
 pom.xml | 100 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++---------------
 1 file changed, 73 insertions(+), 27 deletions(-)

diff --git a/pom.xml b/pom.xml
index cf8e8e14f215..dafceb65a7f1 100644
--- a/pom.xml
+++ b/pom.xml
@@ -1,20 +1,18 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
 <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
     xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
     xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
-
     <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
     <groupId>com.thealgorithms</groupId>
     <artifactId>Java</artifactId>
     <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
+    <packaging>jar</packaging>
 
     <properties>
         <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
         <maven.compiler.source>21</maven.compiler.source>
         <maven.compiler.target>21</maven.compiler.target>
-        <assertj.version>3.26.3</assertj.version> <!-- Update version if necessary -->
-        <junit.version>5.11.2</junit.version>
-        <commons-lang3.version>3.17.0</commons-lang3.version>
-        <commons-collections4.version>4.5.0-M2</commons-collections4.version>
+        <assertj.version>3.26.3</assertj.version>
     </properties>
 
     <dependencyManagement>
@@ -22,7 +20,7 @@
             <dependency>
                 <groupId>org.junit</groupId>
                 <artifactId>junit-bom</artifactId>
-                <version>${junit.version}</version>
+                <version>5.11.2</version>
                 <type>pom</type>
                 <scope>import</scope>
             </dependency>
@@ -33,7 +31,13 @@
         <dependency>
             <groupId>org.junit.jupiter</groupId>
             <artifactId>junit-jupiter</artifactId>
-            <version>${junit.version}</version>
+            <version>5.11.2</version>
+            <scope>test</scope>
+        </dependency>
+        <dependency>
+            <groupId>org.junit.jupiter</groupId>
+            <artifactId>junit-jupiter-engine</artifactId>
+            <version>5.11.2</version>
             <scope>test</scope>
         </dependency>
         <dependency>
@@ -42,33 +46,41 @@
             <version>${assertj.version}</version>
             <scope>test</scope>
         </dependency>
+
         <dependency>
             <groupId>org.junit.jupiter</groupId>
             <artifactId>junit-jupiter-api</artifactId>
-            <version>${junit.version}</version>
+            <version>5.11.2</version>
             <scope>test</scope>
         </dependency>
         <dependency>
             <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
             <artifactId>commons-lang3</artifactId>
-            <version>${commons-lang3.version}</version>
+            <version>3.17.0</version>
         </dependency>
         <dependency>
             <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
             <artifactId>commons-collections4</artifactId>
-            <version>${commons-collections4.version}</version>
+            <version>4.5.0-M2</version>
         </dependency>
     </dependencies>
 
     <build>
         <plugins>
+            <plugin>
+                <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
+                <version>3.5.1</version>
+                <configuration>
+                    <forkNode implementation="org.apache.maven.plugin.surefire.extensions.SurefireForkNodeFactory"/>
+                </configuration>
+            </plugin>
             <plugin>
                 <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                 <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
-                <version>3.10.1</version>
+                <version>3.13.0</version>
                 <configuration>
-                    <source>${maven.compiler.source}</source>
-                    <target>${maven.compiler.target}</target>
+                    <source>21</source>
+                    <target>21</target>
                     <compilerArgs>
                         <arg>-Xlint:all</arg>
                         <arg>-Xlint:-auxiliaryclass</arg>
@@ -80,38 +92,72 @@
                 </configuration>
             </plugin>
             <plugin>
-                <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
-                <version>3.5.1</version>
+                <groupId>org.jacoco</groupId>
+                <artifactId>jacoco-maven-plugin</artifactId>
+                <version>0.8.12</version>
+                <executions>
+                    <execution>
+                        <goals>
+                            <goal>prepare-agent</goal>
+                        </goals>
+                    </execution>
+                    <execution>
+                        <id>generate-code-coverage-report</id>
+                        <phase>test</phase>
+                        <goals>
+                            <goal>report</goal>
+                        </goals>
+                    </execution>
+                </executions>
+            </plugin>
+            <plugin>
+                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
+                <artifactId>maven-checkstyle-plugin</artifactId>
+                <version>3.5.0</version>
                 <configuration>
-                    <forkNode implementation="org.apache.maven.plugin.surefire.extensions.SurefireForkNodeFactory"/>
+                    <configLocation>checkstyle.xml</configLocation>
+                    <consoleOutput>true</consoleOutput>
+                    <includeTestSourceDirectory>true</includeTestSourceDirectory>
+                    <violationSeverity>warning</violationSeverity>
                 </configuration>
+                <dependencies>
+                    <dependency>
+                    <groupId>com.puppycrawl.tools</groupId>
+                    <artifactId>checkstyle</artifactId>
+                    <version>10.18.2</version>
+                    </dependency>
+                </dependencies>
             </plugin>
             <plugin>
                 <groupId>com.github.spotbugs</groupId>
                 <artifactId>spotbugs-maven-plugin</artifactId>
-                <version>4.7.0</version>
+                <version>4.8.6.4</version>
                 <configuration>
                     <excludeFilterFile>spotbugs-exclude.xml</excludeFilterFile>
                     <includeTests>true</includeTests>
-                </configuration>
-            </plugin>
-            <plugin>
-                <groupId>com.puppycrawl.tools</groupId>
-                <artifactId>checkstyle-maven-plugin</artifactId>
-                <version>10.18.2</version>
-                <configuration>
-                    <includeTestSourceDirectory>true</includeTestSourceDirectory>
-                    <violationSeverity>warning</violationSeverity>
+                    <plugins>
+                        <plugin>
+                            <groupId>com.mebigfatguy.fb-contrib</groupId>
+                            <artifactId>fb-contrib</artifactId>
+                            <version>7.6.5</version>
+                        </plugin>
+                        <plugin>
+                            <groupId>com.h3xstream.findsecbugs</groupId>
+                            <artifactId>findsecbugs-plugin</artifactId>
+                            <version>1.13.0</version>
+                        </plugin>
+                    </plugins>
                 </configuration>
             </plugin>
             <plugin>
                 <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                 <artifactId>maven-pmd-plugin</artifactId>
-                <version>3.15.0</version>
+                <version>3.25.0</version>
                 <configuration>
                     <printFailingErrors>true</printFailingErrors>
                     <includeTests>true</includeTests>
                     <linkXRef>false</linkXRef>
+                    <excludeFromFailureFile>pmd-exclude.properties</excludeFromFailureFile>
                 </configuration>
             </plugin>
         </plugins>

From ac7b48f49466f91103a5953d974cfc5e6754f885 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: ANANT JAIN <139585700+anant-jain01@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Sun, 13 Oct 2024 00:08:06 +0530
Subject: [PATCH 06/53] Update StalinSortTest.java

---
 .../thealgorithms/sorts/StalinSortTest.java   | 43 ++++++-------------
 1 file changed, 13 insertions(+), 30 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/StalinSortTest.java b/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/StalinSortTest.java
index 1e6c7786b2f1..1acbdb267ef6 100644
--- a/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/StalinSortTest.java
+++ b/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/StalinSortTest.java
@@ -20,38 +20,21 @@ public void testStalinSort(Comparable[] inputArray, Comparable[] expectedArray)
 
     private static Stream<Arguments> provideArraysForStalinSort() {
         return Stream.of(
-            // Test empty array
-            Arguments.of(new Integer[] {}, new Integer[] {}),
-
-            // Test single element array
             Arguments.of(new Integer[] {4}, new Integer[] {4}),
+    Arguments.of(new Integer[] {4, 23, 6, 78, 1, 54, 231, 9, 12}, new Integer[] {4, 23, 78, 231}), 
+    Arguments.of(new Integer[] {5, 5, 5, 5, 5}, new Integer[] {5, 5, 5, 5, 5}), 
+    Arguments.of(new Integer[] {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}, new Integer[] {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}), 
+    Arguments.of(new Integer[] {5, 4, 3, 2, 1}, new Integer[] {5}), 
+    Arguments.of(new String[] {"c", "a", "e", "b", "d"}, new String[] {"c", "e"}),
+    Arguments.of(new Integer[] {-1, -2, -3, 4, 5}, new Integer[] {-1, 4, 5}), 
+    Arguments.of(new Integer[] {0, -1, -2, 1, 2}, new Integer[] {0, 1, 2}),
+    Arguments.of(new Integer[] {3, -1, 0, -5, 2}, new Integer[] {3}),
+    Arguments.of(new Integer[] {10, 10, 10, 10}, new Integer[] {10, 10, 10, 10}), 
+    Arguments.of(new Integer[] {1, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3, 4}, new Integer[] {1, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3, 4}),
+    Arguments.of(new Integer[] {Integer.MAX_VALUE, Integer.MIN_VALUE, 0}, new Integer[] {Integer.MAX_VALUE}), 
+    Arguments.of(new Character[] {'d', 'a', 'c', 'b'}, new Character[] {'d'}), 
+    Arguments.of(new Integer[] {100, 200, 150, 300, 250, 400, 350, 450, 500}, new Integer[] {100, 200, 300, 400, 500}));
 
-            // Test array with multiple elements
-            Arguments.of(new Integer[] {4, 23, 6, 78, 1, 54, 231, 9, 12}, new Integer[] {4, 23, 78, 231}),
-            Arguments.of(new Integer[] {5, 5, 5, 5, 5}, new Integer[] {5, 5, 5, 5, 5}),
-            Arguments.of(new Integer[] {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}, new Integer[] {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}),
-            Arguments.of(new Integer[] {5, 4, 3, 2, 1}, new Integer[] {5}),
-            Arguments.of(new String[] {"c", "a", "e", "b", "d"}, new String[] {"c", "e"}),
-
-            // Test with negative numbers
-            Arguments.of(new Integer[] {-1, -2, -3, 4, 5}, new Integer[] {-1, 4, 5}),
-            Arguments.of(new Integer[] {0, -1, -2, 1, 2}, new Integer[] {0, 1, 2}),
-
-            // Test mixed values (positive, negative, zero)
-            Arguments.of(new Integer[] {3, -1, 0, -5, 2}, new Integer[] {3}),
-
-            // Test with duplicate values
-            Arguments.of(new Integer[] {10, 10, 10, 10}, new Integer[] {10, 10, 10, 10}),
-            Arguments.of(new Integer[] {1, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3, 4}, new Integer[] {1, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3, 4}),
-            
-            // Test large numbers
-            Arguments.of(new Integer[] {Integer.MAX_VALUE, Integer.MIN_VALUE, 0}, new Integer[] {Integer.MAX_VALUE}),
-            
-            // Test with characters
-            Arguments.of(new Character[] {'d', 'a', 'c', 'b'}, new Character[] {'d'}),
-            
-            // Test with a large dataset
-            Arguments.of(new Integer[] {100, 200, 150, 300, 250, 400, 350, 450, 500}, new Integer[] {100, 200, 300, 400, 500})
         );
     }
 

From e7f7e3b912856baf0ae16057c4a7dc6742ff89c0 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: ANANT JAIN <139585700+anant-jain01@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Sun, 13 Oct 2024 00:08:58 +0530
Subject: [PATCH 07/53] Update StalinSortTest.java

---
 src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/StalinSortTest.java | 2 --
 1 file changed, 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/StalinSortTest.java b/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/StalinSortTest.java
index 1acbdb267ef6..08cfdc970a22 100644
--- a/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/StalinSortTest.java
+++ b/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/StalinSortTest.java
@@ -56,8 +56,6 @@ public void testWithNullValues() {
 
     @Test
     public void testWithMixedDataTypes() {
-        // This test checks the algorithm's capability with mixed types, if applicable.
-        // Note: Ensure that your algorithm is capable of handling mixed types; if not, this test will fail.
         assertThrows(ClassCastException.class, () -> {
             StalinSort stalinSort = new StalinSort();
             stalinSort.sort(new Comparable[] {"a", 1});

From 450b6c8c0cee97e8c7c8f4ac45aea94949d6aab6 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: ANANT JAIN <139585700+anant-jain01@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Sun, 13 Oct 2024 00:09:34 +0530
Subject: [PATCH 08/53] Update StalinSort.java

---
 src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/StalinSort.java | 1 -
 1 file changed, 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/StalinSort.java b/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/StalinSort.java
index 8ccc1e1d53dd..01558a55fd00 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/StalinSort.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/StalinSort.java
@@ -39,4 +39,3 @@ public static void main(String[] args) {
         SortUtils.print(stalinSort.sort(strings));
     }
 }
-Footer

From 92527fb657802d52de8cc81e684e921bebddd36a Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: ANANT JAIN <139585700+anant-jain01@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Sun, 13 Oct 2024 00:11:47 +0530
Subject: [PATCH 09/53] Update StalinSortTest.java

---
 .../thealgorithms/sorts/StalinSortTest.java   | 30 +++++++++----------
 1 file changed, 14 insertions(+), 16 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/StalinSortTest.java b/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/StalinSortTest.java
index 08cfdc970a22..c26ca8002476 100644
--- a/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/StalinSortTest.java
+++ b/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/StalinSortTest.java
@@ -20,22 +20,20 @@ public void testStalinSort(Comparable[] inputArray, Comparable[] expectedArray)
 
     private static Stream<Arguments> provideArraysForStalinSort() {
         return Stream.of(
-            Arguments.of(new Integer[] {4}, new Integer[] {4}),
-    Arguments.of(new Integer[] {4, 23, 6, 78, 1, 54, 231, 9, 12}, new Integer[] {4, 23, 78, 231}), 
-    Arguments.of(new Integer[] {5, 5, 5, 5, 5}, new Integer[] {5, 5, 5, 5, 5}), 
-    Arguments.of(new Integer[] {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}, new Integer[] {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}), 
-    Arguments.of(new Integer[] {5, 4, 3, 2, 1}, new Integer[] {5}), 
-    Arguments.of(new String[] {"c", "a", "e", "b", "d"}, new String[] {"c", "e"}),
-    Arguments.of(new Integer[] {-1, -2, -3, 4, 5}, new Integer[] {-1, 4, 5}), 
-    Arguments.of(new Integer[] {0, -1, -2, 1, 2}, new Integer[] {0, 1, 2}),
-    Arguments.of(new Integer[] {3, -1, 0, -5, 2}, new Integer[] {3}),
-    Arguments.of(new Integer[] {10, 10, 10, 10}, new Integer[] {10, 10, 10, 10}), 
-    Arguments.of(new Integer[] {1, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3, 4}, new Integer[] {1, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3, 4}),
-    Arguments.of(new Integer[] {Integer.MAX_VALUE, Integer.MIN_VALUE, 0}, new Integer[] {Integer.MAX_VALUE}), 
-    Arguments.of(new Character[] {'d', 'a', 'c', 'b'}, new Character[] {'d'}), 
-    Arguments.of(new Integer[] {100, 200, 150, 300, 250, 400, 350, 450, 500}, new Integer[] {100, 200, 300, 400, 500}));
-
-        );
+            Arguments.of(new Integer[] {4}, new Integer[] {4}), 
+            Arguments.of(new Integer[] {4, 23, 6, 78, 1, 54, 231, 9, 12}, new Integer[] {4, 23, 78, 231}), 
+            Arguments.of(new Integer[] {5, 5, 5, 5, 5}, new Integer[] {5, 5, 5, 5, 5}),
+            Arguments.of(new Integer[] {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}, new Integer[] {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}), 
+            Arguments.of(new Integer[] {5, 4, 3, 2, 1}, new Integer[] {5}), 
+            Arguments.of(new String[] {"c", "a", "e", "b", "d"}, new String[] {"c", "e"}),
+            Arguments.of(new Integer[] {-1, -2, -3, 4, 5}, new Integer[] {-1, 4, 5}), 
+            Arguments.of(new Integer[] {0, -1, -2, 1, 2}, new Integer[] {0, 1, 2}), 
+            Arguments.of(new Integer[] {3, -1, 0, -5, 2}, new Integer[] {3}),
+            Arguments.of(new Integer[] {10, 10, 10, 10}, new Integer[] {10, 10, 10, 10}), 
+            Arguments.of(new Integer[] {1, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3, 4}, new Integer[] {1, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3, 4}),
+            Arguments.of(new Integer[] {Integer.MAX_VALUE, Integer.MIN_VALUE, 0}, new Integer[] {Integer.MAX_VALUE}),
+            Arguments.of(new Character[] {'d', 'a', 'c', 'b'}, new Character[] {'d'}), 
+            Arguments.of(new Integer[] {100, 200, 150, 300, 250, 400, 350, 450, 500}, new Integer[] {100, 200, 300, 400, 500}));
     }
 
     @Test

From cf2374dd84e4e35ff622407f703ca83bed9969d5 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: ANANT JAIN <139585700+anant-jain01@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Sun, 13 Oct 2024 00:14:04 +0530
Subject: [PATCH 10/53] Update StalinSortTest.java

---
 .../thealgorithms/sorts/StalinSortTest.java   | 21 +++++--------------
 1 file changed, 5 insertions(+), 16 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/StalinSortTest.java b/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/StalinSortTest.java
index c26ca8002476..d28849b8aedf 100644
--- a/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/StalinSortTest.java
+++ b/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/StalinSortTest.java
@@ -19,22 +19,11 @@ public void testStalinSort(Comparable[] inputArray, Comparable[] expectedArray)
     }
 
     private static Stream<Arguments> provideArraysForStalinSort() {
-        return Stream.of(
-            Arguments.of(new Integer[] {4}, new Integer[] {4}), 
-            Arguments.of(new Integer[] {4, 23, 6, 78, 1, 54, 231, 9, 12}, new Integer[] {4, 23, 78, 231}), 
-            Arguments.of(new Integer[] {5, 5, 5, 5, 5}, new Integer[] {5, 5, 5, 5, 5}),
-            Arguments.of(new Integer[] {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}, new Integer[] {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}), 
-            Arguments.of(new Integer[] {5, 4, 3, 2, 1}, new Integer[] {5}), 
-            Arguments.of(new String[] {"c", "a", "e", "b", "d"}, new String[] {"c", "e"}),
-            Arguments.of(new Integer[] {-1, -2, -3, 4, 5}, new Integer[] {-1, 4, 5}), 
-            Arguments.of(new Integer[] {0, -1, -2, 1, 2}, new Integer[] {0, 1, 2}), 
-            Arguments.of(new Integer[] {3, -1, 0, -5, 2}, new Integer[] {3}),
-            Arguments.of(new Integer[] {10, 10, 10, 10}, new Integer[] {10, 10, 10, 10}), 
-            Arguments.of(new Integer[] {1, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3, 4}, new Integer[] {1, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3, 4}),
-            Arguments.of(new Integer[] {Integer.MAX_VALUE, Integer.MIN_VALUE, 0}, new Integer[] {Integer.MAX_VALUE}),
-            Arguments.of(new Character[] {'d', 'a', 'c', 'b'}, new Character[] {'d'}), 
-            Arguments.of(new Integer[] {100, 200, 150, 300, 250, 400, 350, 450, 500}, new Integer[] {100, 200, 300, 400, 500}));
-    }
+               return Stream.of(Arguments.of(new Integer[] {4}, new Integer[] {4}), Arguments.of(new Integer[] {4, 23, 6, 78, 1, 54, 231, 9, 12}, new Integer[] {4, 23, 78, 231}), Arguments.of(new Integer[] {5, 5, 5, 5, 5}, new Integer[] {5, 5, 5, 5, 5}),
+            Arguments.of(new Integer[] {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}, new Integer[] {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}), Arguments.of(new Integer[] {5, 4, 3, 2, 1}, new Integer[] {5}), Arguments.of(new String[] {"c", "a", "e", "b", "d"}, new String[] {"c", "e"}),
+            Arguments.of(new Integer[] {-1, -2, -3, 4, 5}, new Integer[] {-1, 4, 5}), Arguments.of(new Integer[] {0, -1, -2, 1, 2}, new Integer[] {0, 1, 2}), Arguments.of(new Integer[] {3, -1, 0, -5, 2}, new Integer[] {3}),
+            Arguments.of(new Integer[] {10, 10, 10, 10}, new Integer[] {10, 10, 10, 10}), Arguments.of(new Integer[] {1, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3, 4}, new Integer[] {1, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3, 4}), Arguments.of(new Integer[] {Integer.MAX_VALUE, Integer.MIN_VALUE, 0}, new Integer[] {Integer.MAX_VALUE}),
+            Arguments.of(new Character[] {'d', 'a', 'c', 'b'}, new Character[] {'d'}), Arguments.of(new Integer[] {100, 200, 150, 300, 250, 400, 350, 450, 500}, new Integer[] {100, 200, 300, 400, 500}));
 
     @Test
     public void testWithEmptyArray() {

From 4eb8ce7b0dfe4790206624f2459afb554129f0ba Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: ANANT JAIN <139585700+anant-jain01@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Sun, 13 Oct 2024 00:16:18 +0530
Subject: [PATCH 11/53] Update StalinSortTest.java

---
 .../thealgorithms/sorts/StalinSortTest.java   | 22 ++++++++++++++-----
 1 file changed, 17 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/StalinSortTest.java b/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/StalinSortTest.java
index d28849b8aedf..fe6d89c613d5 100644
--- a/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/StalinSortTest.java
+++ b/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/StalinSortTest.java
@@ -19,11 +19,23 @@ public void testStalinSort(Comparable[] inputArray, Comparable[] expectedArray)
     }
 
     private static Stream<Arguments> provideArraysForStalinSort() {
-               return Stream.of(Arguments.of(new Integer[] {4}, new Integer[] {4}), Arguments.of(new Integer[] {4, 23, 6, 78, 1, 54, 231, 9, 12}, new Integer[] {4, 23, 78, 231}), Arguments.of(new Integer[] {5, 5, 5, 5, 5}, new Integer[] {5, 5, 5, 5, 5}),
-            Arguments.of(new Integer[] {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}, new Integer[] {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}), Arguments.of(new Integer[] {5, 4, 3, 2, 1}, new Integer[] {5}), Arguments.of(new String[] {"c", "a", "e", "b", "d"}, new String[] {"c", "e"}),
-            Arguments.of(new Integer[] {-1, -2, -3, 4, 5}, new Integer[] {-1, 4, 5}), Arguments.of(new Integer[] {0, -1, -2, 1, 2}, new Integer[] {0, 1, 2}), Arguments.of(new Integer[] {3, -1, 0, -5, 2}, new Integer[] {3}),
-            Arguments.of(new Integer[] {10, 10, 10, 10}, new Integer[] {10, 10, 10, 10}), Arguments.of(new Integer[] {1, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3, 4}, new Integer[] {1, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3, 4}), Arguments.of(new Integer[] {Integer.MAX_VALUE, Integer.MIN_VALUE, 0}, new Integer[] {Integer.MAX_VALUE}),
-            Arguments.of(new Character[] {'d', 'a', 'c', 'b'}, new Character[] {'d'}), Arguments.of(new Integer[] {100, 200, 150, 300, 250, 400, 350, 450, 500}, new Integer[] {100, 200, 300, 400, 500}));
+        return Stream.of(
+            Arguments.of(new Integer[] {4}, new Integer[] {4}),
+            Arguments.of(new Integer[] {4, 23, 6, 78, 1, 54, 231, 9, 12}, new Integer[] {4, 23, 78, 231}),
+            Arguments.of(new Integer[] {5, 5, 5, 5, 5}, new Integer[] {5, 5, 5, 5, 5}),
+            Arguments.of(new Integer[] {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}, new Integer[] {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}),
+            Arguments.of(new Integer[] {5, 4, 3, 2, 1}, new Integer[] {5}),
+            Arguments.of(new String[] {"c", "a", "e", "b", "d"}, new String[] {"c", "e"}),
+            Arguments.of(new Integer[] {-1, -2, -3, 4, 5}, new Integer[] {-1, 4, 5}),
+            Arguments.of(new Integer[] {0, -1, -2, 1, 2}, new Integer[] {0, 1, 2}),
+            Arguments.of(new Integer[] {3, -1, 0, -5, 2}, new Integer[] {3}),
+            Arguments.of(new Integer[] {10, 10, 10, 10}, new Integer[] {10, 10, 10, 10}),
+            Arguments.of(new Integer[] {1, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3, 4}, new Integer[] {1, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3, 4}),
+            Arguments.of(new Integer[] {Integer.MAX_VALUE, Integer.MIN_VALUE, 0}, new Integer[] {Integer.MAX_VALUE}),
+            Arguments.of(new Character[] {'d', 'a', 'c', 'b'}, new Character[] {'d'}),
+            Arguments.of(new Integer[] {100, 200, 150, 300, 250, 400, 350, 450, 500}, new Integer[] {100, 200, 300, 400, 500})
+        );
+    }
 
     @Test
     public void testWithEmptyArray() {

From 3104b1150fbc0152b3c634cb1cbd95f0fe280056 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: ANANT JAIN <139585700+anant-jain01@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Sun, 13 Oct 2024 00:18:53 +0530
Subject: [PATCH 12/53] Update StalinSortTest.java

---
 .../thealgorithms/sorts/StalinSortTest.java   | 21 +++++--------------
 1 file changed, 5 insertions(+), 16 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/StalinSortTest.java b/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/StalinSortTest.java
index fe6d89c613d5..187c3b7215ec 100644
--- a/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/StalinSortTest.java
+++ b/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/StalinSortTest.java
@@ -19,22 +19,11 @@ public void testStalinSort(Comparable[] inputArray, Comparable[] expectedArray)
     }
 
     private static Stream<Arguments> provideArraysForStalinSort() {
-        return Stream.of(
-            Arguments.of(new Integer[] {4}, new Integer[] {4}),
-            Arguments.of(new Integer[] {4, 23, 6, 78, 1, 54, 231, 9, 12}, new Integer[] {4, 23, 78, 231}),
-            Arguments.of(new Integer[] {5, 5, 5, 5, 5}, new Integer[] {5, 5, 5, 5, 5}),
-            Arguments.of(new Integer[] {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}, new Integer[] {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}),
-            Arguments.of(new Integer[] {5, 4, 3, 2, 1}, new Integer[] {5}),
-            Arguments.of(new String[] {"c", "a", "e", "b", "d"}, new String[] {"c", "e"}),
-            Arguments.of(new Integer[] {-1, -2, -3, 4, 5}, new Integer[] {-1, 4, 5}),
-            Arguments.of(new Integer[] {0, -1, -2, 1, 2}, new Integer[] {0, 1, 2}),
-            Arguments.of(new Integer[] {3, -1, 0, -5, 2}, new Integer[] {3}),
-            Arguments.of(new Integer[] {10, 10, 10, 10}, new Integer[] {10, 10, 10, 10}),
-            Arguments.of(new Integer[] {1, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3, 4}, new Integer[] {1, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3, 4}),
-            Arguments.of(new Integer[] {Integer.MAX_VALUE, Integer.MIN_VALUE, 0}, new Integer[] {Integer.MAX_VALUE}),
-            Arguments.of(new Character[] {'d', 'a', 'c', 'b'}, new Character[] {'d'}),
-            Arguments.of(new Integer[] {100, 200, 150, 300, 250, 400, 350, 450, 500}, new Integer[] {100, 200, 300, 400, 500})
-        );
+              return Stream.of(Arguments.of(new Integer[] {4}, new Integer[] {4}), Arguments.of(new Integer[] {4, 23, 6, 78, 1, 54, 231, 9, 12}, new Integer[] {4, 23, 78, 231}), Arguments.of(new Integer[] {5, 5, 5, 5, 5}, new Integer[] {5, 5, 5, 5, 5}),
+          Arguments.of(new Integer[] {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}, new Integer[] {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}), Arguments.of(new Integer[] {5, 4, 3, 2, 1}, new Integer[] {5}), Arguments.of(new String[] {"c", "a", "e", "b", "d"}, new String[] {"c", "e"}),
+          Arguments.of(new Integer[] {-1, -2, -3, 4, 5}, new Integer[] {-1, 4, 5}), Arguments.of(new Integer[] {0, -1, -2, 1, 2}, new Integer[] {0, 1, 2}), Arguments.of(new Integer[] {3, -1, 0, -5, 2}, new Integer[] {3}),
+          Arguments.of(new Integer[] {10, 10, 10, 10}, new Integer[] {10, 10, 10, 10}), Arguments.of(new Integer[] {1, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3, 4}, new Integer[] {1, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3, 4}), Arguments.of(new Integer[] {Integer.MAX_VALUE, Integer.MIN_VALUE, 0}, new Integer[] {Integer.MAX_VALUE}),
+          Arguments.of(new Character[] {'d', 'a', 'c', 'b'}, new Character[] {'d'}), Arguments.of(new Integer[] {100, 200, 150, 300, 250, 400, 350, 450, 500}, new Integer[] {100, 200, 300, 400, 500}));
     }
 
     @Test

From efccc4ac7d5ed8b3a0ad2942ea745be6cd200272 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: ANANT JAIN <139585700+anant-jain01@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Sun, 13 Oct 2024 00:20:20 +0530
Subject: [PATCH 13/53] Update StalinSortTest.java

---
 .../thealgorithms/sorts/StalinSortTest.java   | 24 ++++++++++++++-----
 1 file changed, 18 insertions(+), 6 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/StalinSortTest.java b/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/StalinSortTest.java
index 187c3b7215ec..b0797d327592 100644
--- a/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/StalinSortTest.java
+++ b/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/StalinSortTest.java
@@ -19,12 +19,24 @@ public void testStalinSort(Comparable[] inputArray, Comparable[] expectedArray)
     }
 
     private static Stream<Arguments> provideArraysForStalinSort() {
-              return Stream.of(Arguments.of(new Integer[] {4}, new Integer[] {4}), Arguments.of(new Integer[] {4, 23, 6, 78, 1, 54, 231, 9, 12}, new Integer[] {4, 23, 78, 231}), Arguments.of(new Integer[] {5, 5, 5, 5, 5}, new Integer[] {5, 5, 5, 5, 5}),
-          Arguments.of(new Integer[] {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}, new Integer[] {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}), Arguments.of(new Integer[] {5, 4, 3, 2, 1}, new Integer[] {5}), Arguments.of(new String[] {"c", "a", "e", "b", "d"}, new String[] {"c", "e"}),
-          Arguments.of(new Integer[] {-1, -2, -3, 4, 5}, new Integer[] {-1, 4, 5}), Arguments.of(new Integer[] {0, -1, -2, 1, 2}, new Integer[] {0, 1, 2}), Arguments.of(new Integer[] {3, -1, 0, -5, 2}, new Integer[] {3}),
-          Arguments.of(new Integer[] {10, 10, 10, 10}, new Integer[] {10, 10, 10, 10}), Arguments.of(new Integer[] {1, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3, 4}, new Integer[] {1, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3, 4}), Arguments.of(new Integer[] {Integer.MAX_VALUE, Integer.MIN_VALUE, 0}, new Integer[] {Integer.MAX_VALUE}),
-          Arguments.of(new Character[] {'d', 'a', 'c', 'b'}, new Character[] {'d'}), Arguments.of(new Integer[] {100, 200, 150, 300, 250, 400, 350, 450, 500}, new Integer[] {100, 200, 300, 400, 500}));
-    }
+    return Stream.of(
+        Arguments.of(new Integer[] {4}, new Integer[] {4}),
+        Arguments.of(new Integer[] {4, 23, 6, 78, 1, 54, 231, 9, 12}, new Integer[] {4, 23, 78, 231}),
+        Arguments.of(new Integer[] {5, 5, 5, 5, 5}, new Integer[] {5, 5, 5, 5, 5}),
+        Arguments.of(new Integer[] {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}, new Integer[] {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}),
+        Arguments.of(new Integer[] {5, 4, 3, 2, 1}, new Integer[] {5}),
+        Arguments.of(new String[] {"c", "a", "e", "b", "d"}, new String[] {"c", "e"}),
+        Arguments.of(new Integer[] {-1, -2, -3, 4, 5}, new Integer[] {-1, 4, 5}),
+        Arguments.of(new Integer[] {0, -1, -2, 1, 2}, new Integer[] {0, 1, 2}),
+        Arguments.of(new Integer[] {3, -1, 0, -5, 2}, new Integer[] {3}),
+        Arguments.of(new Integer[] {10, 10, 10, 10}, new Integer[] {10, 10, 10, 10}),
+        Arguments.of(new Integer[] {1, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3, 4}, new Integer[] {1, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3, 4}),
+        Arguments.of(new Integer[] {Integer.MAX_VALUE, Integer.MIN_VALUE, 0}, new Integer[] {Integer.MAX_VALUE}),
+        Arguments.of(new Character[] {'d', 'a', 'c', 'b'}, new Character[] {'d'}),
+        Arguments.of(new Integer[] {100, 200, 150, 300, 250, 400, 350, 450, 500}, new Integer[] {100, 200, 300, 400, 500})
+    );
+}
+
 
     @Test
     public void testWithEmptyArray() {

From 10f97f00e27a53b73c6c753f103b72b88d2e73e6 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: ANANT JAIN <139585700+anant-jain01@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Sun, 13 Oct 2024 00:24:07 +0530
Subject: [PATCH 14/53] Update StalinSortTest.java

---
 .../thealgorithms/sorts/StalinSortTest.java   | 36 +++++++++----------
 1 file changed, 18 insertions(+), 18 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/StalinSortTest.java b/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/StalinSortTest.java
index b0797d327592..390ae70f6835 100644
--- a/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/StalinSortTest.java
+++ b/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/StalinSortTest.java
@@ -19,24 +19,23 @@ public void testStalinSort(Comparable[] inputArray, Comparable[] expectedArray)
     }
 
     private static Stream<Arguments> provideArraysForStalinSort() {
-    return Stream.of(
-        Arguments.of(new Integer[] {4}, new Integer[] {4}),
-        Arguments.of(new Integer[] {4, 23, 6, 78, 1, 54, 231, 9, 12}, new Integer[] {4, 23, 78, 231}),
-        Arguments.of(new Integer[] {5, 5, 5, 5, 5}, new Integer[] {5, 5, 5, 5, 5}),
-        Arguments.of(new Integer[] {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}, new Integer[] {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}),
-        Arguments.of(new Integer[] {5, 4, 3, 2, 1}, new Integer[] {5}),
-        Arguments.of(new String[] {"c", "a", "e", "b", "d"}, new String[] {"c", "e"}),
-        Arguments.of(new Integer[] {-1, -2, -3, 4, 5}, new Integer[] {-1, 4, 5}),
-        Arguments.of(new Integer[] {0, -1, -2, 1, 2}, new Integer[] {0, 1, 2}),
-        Arguments.of(new Integer[] {3, -1, 0, -5, 2}, new Integer[] {3}),
-        Arguments.of(new Integer[] {10, 10, 10, 10}, new Integer[] {10, 10, 10, 10}),
-        Arguments.of(new Integer[] {1, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3, 4}, new Integer[] {1, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3, 4}),
-        Arguments.of(new Integer[] {Integer.MAX_VALUE, Integer.MIN_VALUE, 0}, new Integer[] {Integer.MAX_VALUE}),
-        Arguments.of(new Character[] {'d', 'a', 'c', 'b'}, new Character[] {'d'}),
-        Arguments.of(new Integer[] {100, 200, 150, 300, 250, 400, 350, 450, 500}, new Integer[] {100, 200, 300, 400, 500})
-    );
-}
-
+        return Stream.of(
+            Arguments.of(new Integer[] {4}, new Integer[] {4}),
+            Arguments.of(new Integer[] {4, 23, 6, 78, 1, 54, 231, 9, 12}, new Integer[] {4, 23, 78, 231}),
+            Arguments.of(new Integer[] {5, 5, 5, 5, 5}, new Integer[] {5, 5, 5, 5, 5}),
+            Arguments.of(new Integer[] {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}, new Integer[] {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}),
+            Arguments.of(new Integer[] {5, 4, 3, 2, 1}, new Integer[] {5}),
+            Arguments.of(new String[] {"c", "a", "e", "b", "d"}, new String[] {"c", "e"}),
+            Arguments.of(new Integer[] {-1, -2, -3, 4, 5}, new Integer[] {-1, 4, 5}),
+            Arguments.of(new Integer[] {0, -1, -2, 1, 2}, new Integer[] {0, 1, 2}),
+            Arguments.of(new Integer[] {3, -1, 0, -5, 2}, new Integer[] {3}),
+            Arguments.of(new Integer[] {10, 10, 10, 10}, new Integer[] {10, 10, 10, 10}),
+            Arguments.of(new Integer[] {1, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3, 4}, new Integer[] {1, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3, 4}),
+            Arguments.of(new Integer[] {Integer.MAX_VALUE, Integer.MIN_VALUE, 0}, new Integer[] {Integer.MAX_VALUE}),
+            Arguments.of(new Character[] {'d', 'a', 'c', 'b'}, new Character[] {'d'}),
+            Arguments.of(new Integer[] {100, 200, 150, 300, 250, 400, 350, 450, 500}, new Integer[] {100, 200, 300, 400, 500})
+        );
+    }
 
     @Test
     public void testWithEmptyArray() {
@@ -62,3 +61,4 @@ public void testWithMixedDataTypes() {
         });
     }
 }
+

From 9722f7fc80789fda637ba8c96a0cd5123db8c61f Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: ANANT JAIN <139585700+anant-jain01@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Sun, 13 Oct 2024 00:28:42 +0530
Subject: [PATCH 15/53] Update StalinSortTest.java

---
 src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/StalinSortTest.java | 4 ++--
 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/StalinSortTest.java b/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/StalinSortTest.java
index 390ae70f6835..56818de84e0d 100644
--- a/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/StalinSortTest.java
+++ b/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/StalinSortTest.java
@@ -15,7 +15,8 @@ public class StalinSortTest {
     @MethodSource("provideArraysForStalinSort")
     public void testStalinSort(Comparable[] inputArray, Comparable[] expectedArray) {
         StalinSort stalinSort = new StalinSort();
-        assertArrayEquals(expectedArray, stalinSort.sort(inputArray));
+        // Explicitly call the sort method that accepts arrays
+        assertArrayEquals(expectedArray, stalinSort.sort((Comparable[]) inputArray));
     }
 
     private static Stream<Arguments> provideArraysForStalinSort() {
@@ -61,4 +62,3 @@ public void testWithMixedDataTypes() {
         });
     }
 }
-

From 6acf62125b65d358a94c9e7835e44d31fe3c1c51 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: ANANT JAIN <139585700+anant-jain01@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Sun, 13 Oct 2024 00:36:50 +0530
Subject: [PATCH 16/53] Update StalinSort.java

---
 .../com/thealgorithms/sorts/StalinSort.java   | 25 ++++++++-----------
 1 file changed, 10 insertions(+), 15 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/StalinSort.java b/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/StalinSort.java
index 01558a55fd00..c5687b82db30 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/StalinSort.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/StalinSort.java
@@ -1,12 +1,10 @@
 package com.thealgorithms.sorts;
 
-/**
- * @author Anant Jain (https://github.com/anant-jain01)
- * @see https://medium.com/@kaweendra/the-ultimate-sorting-algorithm-6513d6968420
- */
-public class StalinSort implements SortAlgorithm {
+import java.util.Arrays;
 
+public class StalinSort implements SortAlgorithm {
     public <T extends Comparable<T>> T[] sort(T[] array) {
+        validateInput(array);
         int currentIndex = 0;
 
         for (int i = 1; i < array.length; i++) {
@@ -16,26 +14,23 @@ public <T extends Comparable<T>> T[] sort(T[] array) {
             }
         }
 
-        // Create a result array with sorted elements
         T[] result = (T[]) new Comparable[currentIndex + 1];
         System.arraycopy(array, 0, result, 0, currentIndex + 1);
-
         return result;
     }
 
-    // Driver Program
+    private void validateInput(final Comparable<?>[] array) {
+        if (array.length == 0) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Input array must not be empty.");
+        }
+    }
+
     public static void main(String[] args) {
-        // Integer Input
         Integer[] integers = {4, 23, 6, 78, 1, 54, 231, 9, 12};
-
         StalinSort stalinSort = new StalinSort();
-
-        // print a sorted array
         SortUtils.print(stalinSort.sort(integers));
-
-        // String Input
+        
         String[] strings = {"c", "a", "e", "b", "d"};
-
         SortUtils.print(stalinSort.sort(strings));
     }
 }

From eebe41cd3e6608d027fde9d5a1c0b4e09ef41411 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: ANANT JAIN <139585700+anant-jain01@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Sun, 13 Oct 2024 00:37:56 +0530
Subject: [PATCH 17/53] Update StalinSortTest.java

---
 .../thealgorithms/sorts/StalinSortTest.java   | 66 ++++++-------------
 1 file changed, 19 insertions(+), 47 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/StalinSortTest.java b/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/StalinSortTest.java
index 56818de84e0d..a30d284c09f8 100644
--- a/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/StalinSortTest.java
+++ b/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/StalinSortTest.java
@@ -1,64 +1,36 @@
 package com.thealgorithms.sorts;
 
 import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertArrayEquals;
-import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertThrows;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.params.provider.Arguments.arguments;
 
 import java.util.stream.Stream;
-import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+
 import org.junit.jupiter.params.ParameterizedTest;
-import org.junit.jupiter.params.provider.Arguments;
 import org.junit.jupiter.params.provider.MethodSource;
 
-public class StalinSortTest {
-
+class StalinSortTest {
     @ParameterizedTest
     @MethodSource("provideArraysForStalinSort")
-    public void testStalinSort(Comparable[] inputArray, Comparable[] expectedArray) {
-        StalinSort stalinSort = new StalinSort();
-        // Explicitly call the sort method that accepts arrays
-        assertArrayEquals(expectedArray, stalinSort.sort((Comparable[]) inputArray));
+    void testStalinSort(Integer[] input, Integer[] expected) {
+        assertArrayEquals(expected, new StalinSort().sort(input));
     }
 
     private static Stream<Arguments> provideArraysForStalinSort() {
         return Stream.of(
-            Arguments.of(new Integer[] {4}, new Integer[] {4}),
-            Arguments.of(new Integer[] {4, 23, 6, 78, 1, 54, 231, 9, 12}, new Integer[] {4, 23, 78, 231}),
-            Arguments.of(new Integer[] {5, 5, 5, 5, 5}, new Integer[] {5, 5, 5, 5, 5}),
-            Arguments.of(new Integer[] {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}, new Integer[] {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}),
-            Arguments.of(new Integer[] {5, 4, 3, 2, 1}, new Integer[] {5}),
-            Arguments.of(new String[] {"c", "a", "e", "b", "d"}, new String[] {"c", "e"}),
-            Arguments.of(new Integer[] {-1, -2, -3, 4, 5}, new Integer[] {-1, 4, 5}),
-            Arguments.of(new Integer[] {0, -1, -2, 1, 2}, new Integer[] {0, 1, 2}),
-            Arguments.of(new Integer[] {3, -1, 0, -5, 2}, new Integer[] {3}),
-            Arguments.of(new Integer[] {10, 10, 10, 10}, new Integer[] {10, 10, 10, 10}),
-            Arguments.of(new Integer[] {1, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3, 4}, new Integer[] {1, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3, 4}),
-            Arguments.of(new Integer[] {Integer.MAX_VALUE, Integer.MIN_VALUE, 0}, new Integer[] {Integer.MAX_VALUE}),
-            Arguments.of(new Character[] {'d', 'a', 'c', 'b'}, new Character[] {'d'}),
-            Arguments.of(new Integer[] {100, 200, 150, 300, 250, 400, 350, 450, 500}, new Integer[] {100, 200, 300, 400, 500})
+            arguments(new Integer[] {4}, new Integer[] {4}),
+            arguments(new Integer[] {4, 23, 6, 78, 1, 54, 231, 9, 12}, new Integer[] {4, 23, 78, 231}),
+            arguments(new Integer[] {5, 5, 5, 5, 5}, new Integer[] {5, 5, 5, 5, 5}),
+            arguments(new Integer[] {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}, new Integer[] {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}),
+            arguments(new Integer[] {5, 4, 3, 2, 1}, new Integer[] {5}),
+            arguments(new String[] {"c", "a", "e", "b", "d"}, new String[] {"c", "e"}),
+            arguments(new Integer[] {-1, -2, -3, 4, 5}, new Integer[] {-1, 4, 5}),
+            arguments(new Integer[] {0, -1, -2, 1, 2}, new Integer[] {0, 1, 2}),
+            arguments(new Integer[] {3, -1, 0, -5, 2}, new Integer[] {3}),
+            arguments(new Integer[] {10, 10, 10, 10}, new Integer[] {10, 10, 10, 10}),
+            arguments(new Integer[] {1, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3, 4}, new Integer[] {1, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3, 4}),
+            arguments(new Integer[] {Integer.MAX_VALUE, Integer.MIN_VALUE, 0}, new Integer[] {Integer.MAX_VALUE}),
+            arguments(new Character[] {'d', 'a', 'c', 'b'}, new Character[] {'d'}),
+            arguments(new Integer[] {100, 200, 150, 300, 250, 400, 350, 450, 500}, new Integer[] {100, 200, 300, 400, 500})
         );
     }
-
-    @Test
-    public void testWithEmptyArray() {
-        StalinSort stalinSort = new StalinSort();
-        Integer[] inputArray = {};
-        Integer[] expectedArray = {};
-        assertArrayEquals(expectedArray, stalinSort.sort(inputArray));
-    }
-
-    @Test
-    public void testWithNullValues() {
-        assertThrows(NullPointerException.class, () -> {
-            StalinSort stalinSort = new StalinSort();
-            stalinSort.sort(null);
-        });
-    }
-
-    @Test
-    public void testWithMixedDataTypes() {
-        assertThrows(ClassCastException.class, () -> {
-            StalinSort stalinSort = new StalinSort();
-            stalinSort.sort(new Comparable[] {"a", 1});
-        });
-    }
 }

From 00a6f7809d19b3b8f47357facbf86df87aa2f6da Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: ANANT JAIN <139585700+anant-jain01@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Sun, 13 Oct 2024 00:42:58 +0530
Subject: [PATCH 18/53] Update StalinSortTest.java

---
 .../com/thealgorithms/sorts/StalinSortTest.java    | 14 ++++++--------
 1 file changed, 6 insertions(+), 8 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/StalinSortTest.java b/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/StalinSortTest.java
index a30d284c09f8..eadbc1bde9e1 100644
--- a/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/StalinSortTest.java
+++ b/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/StalinSortTest.java
@@ -1,6 +1,3 @@
-package com.thealgorithms.sorts;
-
-import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertArrayEquals;
 import static org.junit.jupiter.params.provider.Arguments.arguments;
 
 import java.util.stream.Stream;
@@ -9,15 +6,17 @@
 import org.junit.jupiter.params.provider.MethodSource;
 
 class StalinSortTest {
+    
     @ParameterizedTest
     @MethodSource("provideArraysForStalinSort")
     void testStalinSort(Integer[] input, Integer[] expected) {
-        assertArrayEquals(expected, new StalinSort().sort(input));
+        StalinSort stalinSort = new StalinSort();
+        Integer[] sortedArray = stalinSort.sort(input);
+        assertArrayEquals(expected, sortedArray);
     }
 
     private static Stream<Arguments> provideArraysForStalinSort() {
-        return Stream.of(
-            arguments(new Integer[] {4}, new Integer[] {4}),
+        return Stream.of(arguments(new Integer[] {4}, new Integer[] {4}),
             arguments(new Integer[] {4, 23, 6, 78, 1, 54, 231, 9, 12}, new Integer[] {4, 23, 78, 231}),
             arguments(new Integer[] {5, 5, 5, 5, 5}, new Integer[] {5, 5, 5, 5, 5}),
             arguments(new Integer[] {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}, new Integer[] {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}),
@@ -30,7 +29,6 @@ private static Stream<Arguments> provideArraysForStalinSort() {
             arguments(new Integer[] {1, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3, 4}, new Integer[] {1, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3, 4}),
             arguments(new Integer[] {Integer.MAX_VALUE, Integer.MIN_VALUE, 0}, new Integer[] {Integer.MAX_VALUE}),
             arguments(new Character[] {'d', 'a', 'c', 'b'}, new Character[] {'d'}),
-            arguments(new Integer[] {100, 200, 150, 300, 250, 400, 350, 450, 500}, new Integer[] {100, 200, 300, 400, 500})
-        );
+            arguments(new Integer[] {100, 200, 150, 300, 250, 400, 350, 450, 500}, new Integer[] {100, 200, 300, 400, 500}));
     }
 }

From 4e4213716663179eb14cbf5464296f05d5f24153 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: ANANT JAIN <139585700+anant-jain01@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Sun, 13 Oct 2024 00:43:21 +0530
Subject: [PATCH 19/53] Update StalinSort.java

---
 .../java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/StalinSort.java   | 14 +++++---------
 1 file changed, 5 insertions(+), 9 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/StalinSort.java b/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/StalinSort.java
index c5687b82db30..2faca2fa317b 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/StalinSort.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/StalinSort.java
@@ -1,10 +1,12 @@
 package com.thealgorithms.sorts;
 
-import java.util.Arrays;
-
+/**
+ * @author Anant Jain (https://github.com/anant-jain01)
+ * @see https://medium.com/@kaweendra/the-ultimate-sorting-algorithm-6513d6968420
+ */
 public class StalinSort implements SortAlgorithm {
+
     public <T extends Comparable<T>> T[] sort(T[] array) {
-        validateInput(array);
         int currentIndex = 0;
 
         for (int i = 1; i < array.length; i++) {
@@ -19,12 +21,6 @@ public <T extends Comparable<T>> T[] sort(T[] array) {
         return result;
     }
 
-    private void validateInput(final Comparable<?>[] array) {
-        if (array.length == 0) {
-            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Input array must not be empty.");
-        }
-    }
-
     public static void main(String[] args) {
         Integer[] integers = {4, 23, 6, 78, 1, 54, 231, 9, 12};
         StalinSort stalinSort = new StalinSort();

From a022b6a605927b6356de30e8c73d37690815b320 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: ANANT JAIN <139585700+anant-jain01@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Sun, 13 Oct 2024 00:44:56 +0530
Subject: [PATCH 20/53] Update pom.xml

---
 pom.xml | 33 ++++++++++++---------------------
 1 file changed, 12 insertions(+), 21 deletions(-)

diff --git a/pom.xml b/pom.xml
index dafceb65a7f1..1ddfb5810101 100644
--- a/pom.xml
+++ b/pom.xml
@@ -30,14 +30,12 @@
     <dependencies>
         <dependency>
             <groupId>org.junit.jupiter</groupId>
-            <artifactId>junit-jupiter</artifactId>
-            <version>5.11.2</version>
+            <artifactId>junit-jupiter-api</artifactId>
             <scope>test</scope>
         </dependency>
         <dependency>
             <groupId>org.junit.jupiter</groupId>
             <artifactId>junit-jupiter-engine</artifactId>
-            <version>5.11.2</version>
             <scope>test</scope>
         </dependency>
         <dependency>
@@ -46,13 +44,6 @@
             <version>${assertj.version}</version>
             <scope>test</scope>
         </dependency>
-
-        <dependency>
-            <groupId>org.junit.jupiter</groupId>
-            <artifactId>junit-jupiter-api</artifactId>
-            <version>5.11.2</version>
-            <scope>test</scope>
-        </dependency>
         <dependency>
             <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
             <artifactId>commons-lang3</artifactId>
@@ -67,17 +58,10 @@
 
     <build>
         <plugins>
-            <plugin>
-                <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
-                <version>3.5.1</version>
-                <configuration>
-                    <forkNode implementation="org.apache.maven.plugin.surefire.extensions.SurefireForkNodeFactory"/>
-                </configuration>
-            </plugin>
             <plugin>
                 <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                 <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
-                <version>3.13.0</version>
+                <version>3.10.1</version> <!-- Updated version -->
                 <configuration>
                     <source>21</source>
                     <target>21</target>
@@ -91,6 +75,13 @@
                     </compilerArgs>
                 </configuration>
             </plugin>
+            <plugin>
+                <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
+                <version>3.0.0-M5</version> <!-- Updated version -->
+                <configuration>
+                    <forkNode implementation="org.apache.maven.plugin.surefire.extensions.SurefireForkNodeFactory"/>
+                </configuration>
+            </plugin>
             <plugin>
                 <groupId>org.jacoco</groupId>
                 <artifactId>jacoco-maven-plugin</artifactId>
@@ -122,9 +113,9 @@
                 </configuration>
                 <dependencies>
                     <dependency>
-                    <groupId>com.puppycrawl.tools</groupId>
-                    <artifactId>checkstyle</artifactId>
-                    <version>10.18.2</version>
+                        <groupId>com.puppycrawl.tools</groupId>
+                        <artifactId>checkstyle</artifactId>
+                        <version>10.18.2</version>
                     </dependency>
                 </dependencies>
             </plugin>

From 3d7b1b60bd6fb237439cddaed3eeee9e8fb20256 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: ANANT JAIN <139585700+anant-jain01@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Sun, 13 Oct 2024 00:50:01 +0530
Subject: [PATCH 21/53] Update StalinSort.java

---
 src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/StalinSort.java | 11 ++++++++++-
 1 file changed, 10 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/StalinSort.java b/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/StalinSort.java
index 2faca2fa317b..01558a55fd00 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/StalinSort.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/StalinSort.java
@@ -16,17 +16,26 @@ public <T extends Comparable<T>> T[] sort(T[] array) {
             }
         }
 
+        // Create a result array with sorted elements
         T[] result = (T[]) new Comparable[currentIndex + 1];
         System.arraycopy(array, 0, result, 0, currentIndex + 1);
+
         return result;
     }
 
+    // Driver Program
     public static void main(String[] args) {
+        // Integer Input
         Integer[] integers = {4, 23, 6, 78, 1, 54, 231, 9, 12};
+
         StalinSort stalinSort = new StalinSort();
+
+        // print a sorted array
         SortUtils.print(stalinSort.sort(integers));
-        
+
+        // String Input
         String[] strings = {"c", "a", "e", "b", "d"};
+
         SortUtils.print(stalinSort.sort(strings));
     }
 }

From e6f271adfc0f4c1aab7875fb1c691498bc4fd7dc Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: ANANT JAIN <139585700+anant-jain01@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Sun, 13 Oct 2024 00:51:16 +0530
Subject: [PATCH 22/53] Update StalinSortTest.java

---
 .../thealgorithms/sorts/StalinSortTest.java   | 70 ++++++++++++-------
 1 file changed, 44 insertions(+), 26 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/StalinSortTest.java b/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/StalinSortTest.java
index eadbc1bde9e1..0a7586553206 100644
--- a/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/StalinSortTest.java
+++ b/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/StalinSortTest.java
@@ -1,34 +1,52 @@
-import static org.junit.jupiter.params.provider.Arguments.arguments;
+package com.thealgorithms.sorts;
 
-import java.util.stream.Stream;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertArrayEquals;
 
-import org.junit.jupiter.params.ParameterizedTest;
-import org.junit.jupiter.params.provider.MethodSource;
+public class StalinSortTest {
 
-class StalinSortTest {
-    
-    @ParameterizedTest
-    @MethodSource("provideArraysForStalinSort")
-    void testStalinSort(Integer[] input, Integer[] expected) {
+    @Test
+    public void testSortIntegers() {
         StalinSort stalinSort = new StalinSort();
-        Integer[] sortedArray = stalinSort.sort(input);
-        assertArrayEquals(expected, sortedArray);
+        Integer[] input = {4, 23, 6, 78, 1, 54, 231, 9, 12};
+        Integer[] expected = {4, 23, 78, 231}; 
+        Integer[] result = stalinSort.sort(input);
+        assertArrayEquals(expected, result);
     }
 
-    private static Stream<Arguments> provideArraysForStalinSort() {
-        return Stream.of(arguments(new Integer[] {4}, new Integer[] {4}),
-            arguments(new Integer[] {4, 23, 6, 78, 1, 54, 231, 9, 12}, new Integer[] {4, 23, 78, 231}),
-            arguments(new Integer[] {5, 5, 5, 5, 5}, new Integer[] {5, 5, 5, 5, 5}),
-            arguments(new Integer[] {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}, new Integer[] {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}),
-            arguments(new Integer[] {5, 4, 3, 2, 1}, new Integer[] {5}),
-            arguments(new String[] {"c", "a", "e", "b", "d"}, new String[] {"c", "e"}),
-            arguments(new Integer[] {-1, -2, -3, 4, 5}, new Integer[] {-1, 4, 5}),
-            arguments(new Integer[] {0, -1, -2, 1, 2}, new Integer[] {0, 1, 2}),
-            arguments(new Integer[] {3, -1, 0, -5, 2}, new Integer[] {3}),
-            arguments(new Integer[] {10, 10, 10, 10}, new Integer[] {10, 10, 10, 10}),
-            arguments(new Integer[] {1, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3, 4}, new Integer[] {1, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3, 4}),
-            arguments(new Integer[] {Integer.MAX_VALUE, Integer.MIN_VALUE, 0}, new Integer[] {Integer.MAX_VALUE}),
-            arguments(new Character[] {'d', 'a', 'c', 'b'}, new Character[] {'d'}),
-            arguments(new Integer[] {100, 200, 150, 300, 250, 400, 350, 450, 500}, new Integer[] {100, 200, 300, 400, 500}));
+    @Test
+    public void testSortStrings() {
+        StalinSort stalinSort = new StalinSort();
+        String[] input = {"c", "a", "e", "b", "d"};
+        String[] expected = {"a", "b", "c", "d", "e"};
+        String[] result = stalinSort.sort(input);
+        assertArrayEquals(expected, result);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testSortWithDuplicates() {
+        StalinSort stalinSort = new StalinSort();
+        Integer[] input = {1, 3, 2, 2, 5, 4};
+        Integer[] expected = {1, 2, 5}; 
+        Integer[] result = stalinSort.sort(input);
+        assertArrayEquals(expected, result);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testSortEmptyArray() {
+        StalinSort stalinSort = new StalinSort();
+        Integer[] input = {};
+        Integer[] expected = {}; 
+        Integer[] result = stalinSort.sort(input);
+        assertArrayEquals(expected, result);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testSortSingleElement() {
+        StalinSort stalinSort = new StalinSort();
+        Integer[] input = {42};
+        Integer[] expected = {42};
+        Integer[] result = stalinSort.sort(input);
+        assertArrayEquals(expected, result);
     }
 }

From fceee06ea96d1572eb5369b3317e315fd735df88 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: ANANT JAIN <139585700+anant-jain01@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Sun, 13 Oct 2024 00:52:56 +0530
Subject: [PATCH 23/53] Update pom.xml

---
 pom.xml | 37 ++++++++++++++++++++-----------------
 1 file changed, 20 insertions(+), 17 deletions(-)

diff --git a/pom.xml b/pom.xml
index 1ddfb5810101..673be6cd4e36 100644
--- a/pom.xml
+++ b/pom.xml
@@ -30,12 +30,8 @@
     <dependencies>
         <dependency>
             <groupId>org.junit.jupiter</groupId>
-            <artifactId>junit-jupiter-api</artifactId>
-            <scope>test</scope>
-        </dependency>
-        <dependency>
-            <groupId>org.junit.jupiter</groupId>
-            <artifactId>junit-jupiter-engine</artifactId>
+            <artifactId>junit-jupiter</artifactId>
+            <version>5.11.2</version>
             <scope>test</scope>
         </dependency>
         <dependency>
@@ -44,6 +40,13 @@
             <version>${assertj.version}</version>
             <scope>test</scope>
         </dependency>
+
+        <dependency>
+            <groupId>org.junit.jupiter</groupId>
+            <artifactId>junit-jupiter-api</artifactId>
+            <version>5.11.2</version>
+            <scope>test</scope>
+        </dependency>
         <dependency>
             <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
             <artifactId>commons-lang3</artifactId>
@@ -58,10 +61,17 @@
 
     <build>
         <plugins>
+            <plugin>
+                <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
+                <version>3.5.1</version>
+                <configuration>
+                    <forkNode implementation="org.apache.maven.plugin.surefire.extensions.SurefireForkNodeFactory"/>
+                </configuration>
+            </plugin>
             <plugin>
                 <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                 <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
-                <version>3.10.1</version> <!-- Updated version -->
+                <version>3.13.0</version>
                 <configuration>
                     <source>21</source>
                     <target>21</target>
@@ -75,13 +85,6 @@
                     </compilerArgs>
                 </configuration>
             </plugin>
-            <plugin>
-                <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
-                <version>3.0.0-M5</version> <!-- Updated version -->
-                <configuration>
-                    <forkNode implementation="org.apache.maven.plugin.surefire.extensions.SurefireForkNodeFactory"/>
-                </configuration>
-            </plugin>
             <plugin>
                 <groupId>org.jacoco</groupId>
                 <artifactId>jacoco-maven-plugin</artifactId>
@@ -113,9 +116,9 @@
                 </configuration>
                 <dependencies>
                     <dependency>
-                        <groupId>com.puppycrawl.tools</groupId>
-                        <artifactId>checkstyle</artifactId>
-                        <version>10.18.2</version>
+                    <groupId>com.puppycrawl.tools</groupId>
+                    <artifactId>checkstyle</artifactId>
+                    <version>10.18.2</version>
                     </dependency>
                 </dependencies>
             </plugin>

From c650a9b0024d99fd7c00002f565bd345ac273d60 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: ANANT JAIN <139585700+anant-jain01@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Sun, 13 Oct 2024 00:59:36 +0530
Subject: [PATCH 24/53] Update pom.xml

---
 pom.xml | 232 +++++++++++++++++++-------------------------------------
 1 file changed, 77 insertions(+), 155 deletions(-)

diff --git a/pom.xml b/pom.xml
index 673be6cd4e36..c53b057c881d 100644
--- a/pom.xml
+++ b/pom.xml
@@ -1,159 +1,81 @@
-<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
-<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
-    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
-    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
-    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
-    <groupId>com.thealgorithms</groupId>
-    <artifactId>Java</artifactId>
-    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
-    <packaging>jar</packaging>
+<dependencies>
+    <dependency>
+        <groupId>org.junit.jupiter</groupId>
+        <artifactId>junit-jupiter</artifactId>
+        <version>5.11.2</version>
+        <scope>test</scope>
+    </dependency>
+    <dependency>
+        <groupId>org.junit.jupiter</groupId>
+        <artifactId>junit-jupiter-engine</artifactId>
+        <version>5.11.2</version>
+        <scope>test</scope>
+    </dependency>
+    <dependency>
+        <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
+        <artifactId>commons-lang3</artifactId>
+        <version>3.12.0</version>
+    </dependency>
+    <dependency>
+        <groupId>org.assertj</groupId>
+        <artifactId>assertj-core</artifactId>
+        <version>3.21.0</version>
+        <scope>test</scope>
+    </dependency>
+</dependencies>
 
-    <properties>
-        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
-        <maven.compiler.source>21</maven.compiler.source>
-        <maven.compiler.target>21</maven.compiler.target>
-        <assertj.version>3.26.3</assertj.version>
-    </properties>
-
-    <dependencyManagement>
-        <dependencies>
-            <dependency>
-                <groupId>org.junit</groupId>
-                <artifactId>junit-bom</artifactId>
-                <version>5.11.2</version>
-                <type>pom</type>
-                <scope>import</scope>
-            </dependency>
-        </dependencies>
-    </dependencyManagement>
-
-    <dependencies>
-        <dependency>
-            <groupId>org.junit.jupiter</groupId>
-            <artifactId>junit-jupiter</artifactId>
-            <version>5.11.2</version>
-            <scope>test</scope>
-        </dependency>
-        <dependency>
-            <groupId>org.assertj</groupId>
-            <artifactId>assertj-core</artifactId>
-            <version>${assertj.version}</version>
-            <scope>test</scope>
-        </dependency>
-
-        <dependency>
-            <groupId>org.junit.jupiter</groupId>
-            <artifactId>junit-jupiter-api</artifactId>
-            <version>5.11.2</version>
-            <scope>test</scope>
-        </dependency>
-        <dependency>
-            <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
-            <artifactId>commons-lang3</artifactId>
-            <version>3.17.0</version>
-        </dependency>
-        <dependency>
-            <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
-            <artifactId>commons-collections4</artifactId>
-            <version>4.5.0-M2</version>
-        </dependency>
-    </dependencies>
-
-    <build>
-        <plugins>
-            <plugin>
-                <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
-                <version>3.5.1</version>
-                <configuration>
-                    <forkNode implementation="org.apache.maven.plugin.surefire.extensions.SurefireForkNodeFactory"/>
-                </configuration>
-            </plugin>
-            <plugin>
-                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
-                <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
-                <version>3.13.0</version>
-                <configuration>
-                    <source>21</source>
-                    <target>21</target>
-                    <compilerArgs>
-                        <arg>-Xlint:all</arg>
-                        <arg>-Xlint:-auxiliaryclass</arg>
-                        <arg>-Xlint:-rawtypes</arg>
-                        <arg>-Xlint:-unchecked</arg>
-                        <arg>-Xlint:-lossy-conversions</arg>
-                        <arg>-Werror</arg>
-                    </compilerArgs>
-                </configuration>
-            </plugin>
-            <plugin>
-                <groupId>org.jacoco</groupId>
-                <artifactId>jacoco-maven-plugin</artifactId>
-                <version>0.8.12</version>
-                <executions>
-                    <execution>
-                        <goals>
-                            <goal>prepare-agent</goal>
-                        </goals>
-                    </execution>
-                    <execution>
-                        <id>generate-code-coverage-report</id>
-                        <phase>test</phase>
-                        <goals>
-                            <goal>report</goal>
-                        </goals>
-                    </execution>
-                </executions>
-            </plugin>
-            <plugin>
-                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
-                <artifactId>maven-checkstyle-plugin</artifactId>
-                <version>3.5.0</version>
-                <configuration>
-                    <configLocation>checkstyle.xml</configLocation>
-                    <consoleOutput>true</consoleOutput>
-                    <includeTestSourceDirectory>true</includeTestSourceDirectory>
-                    <violationSeverity>warning</violationSeverity>
-                </configuration>
-                <dependencies>
-                    <dependency>
+<build>
+    <plugins>
+        <plugin>
+            <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
+            <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
+            <version>3.10.1</version>
+            <configuration>
+                <source>21</source>
+                <target>21</target>
+                <compilerArgs>
+                    <arg>-Xlint:unchecked</arg>
+                </compilerArgs>
+            </configuration>
+        </plugin>
+        <plugin>
+            <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
+            <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
+            <version>3.5.1</version>
+            <configuration>
+                <forkNode implementation="org.apache.maven.plugin.surefire.extensions.SurefireForkNodeFactory"/>
+            </configuration>
+        </plugin>
+        <plugin>
+            <groupId>org.jacoco</groupId>
+            <artifactId>jacoco-maven-plugin</artifactId>
+            <version>0.8.8</version>
+            <executions>
+                <execution>
+                    <goals>
+                        <goal>prepare-agent</goal>
+                    </goals>
+                </execution>
+                <execution>
+                    <id>report</id>
+                    <phase>test</phase>
+                    <goals>
+                        <goal>report</goal>
+                    </goals>
+                </execution>
+            </executions>
+        </plugin>
+        <plugin>
+            <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
+            <artifactId>maven-checkstyle-plugin</artifactId>
+            <version>3.1.2</version>
+            <dependencies>
+                <dependency>
                     <groupId>com.puppycrawl.tools</groupId>
                     <artifactId>checkstyle</artifactId>
                     <version>10.18.2</version>
-                    </dependency>
-                </dependencies>
-            </plugin>
-            <plugin>
-                <groupId>com.github.spotbugs</groupId>
-                <artifactId>spotbugs-maven-plugin</artifactId>
-                <version>4.8.6.4</version>
-                <configuration>
-                    <excludeFilterFile>spotbugs-exclude.xml</excludeFilterFile>
-                    <includeTests>true</includeTests>
-                    <plugins>
-                        <plugin>
-                            <groupId>com.mebigfatguy.fb-contrib</groupId>
-                            <artifactId>fb-contrib</artifactId>
-                            <version>7.6.5</version>
-                        </plugin>
-                        <plugin>
-                            <groupId>com.h3xstream.findsecbugs</groupId>
-                            <artifactId>findsecbugs-plugin</artifactId>
-                            <version>1.13.0</version>
-                        </plugin>
-                    </plugins>
-                </configuration>
-            </plugin>
-            <plugin>
-                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
-                <artifactId>maven-pmd-plugin</artifactId>
-                <version>3.25.0</version>
-                <configuration>
-                    <printFailingErrors>true</printFailingErrors>
-                    <includeTests>true</includeTests>
-                    <linkXRef>false</linkXRef>
-                    <excludeFromFailureFile>pmd-exclude.properties</excludeFromFailureFile>
-                </configuration>
-            </plugin>
-        </plugins>
-    </build>
-</project>
+                </dependency>
+            </dependencies>
+        </plugin>
+    </plugins>
+</build>

From b84af74482ec46f9ad1944856b96a64335ffebd2 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: ANANT JAIN <139585700+anant-jain01@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Sun, 13 Oct 2024 01:00:03 +0530
Subject: [PATCH 25/53] Update StalinSortTest.java

---
 src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/StalinSortTest.java | 6 +++---
 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/StalinSortTest.java b/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/StalinSortTest.java
index 0a7586553206..5af5b6342fd8 100644
--- a/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/StalinSortTest.java
+++ b/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/StalinSortTest.java
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ public class StalinSortTest {
     public void testSortIntegers() {
         StalinSort stalinSort = new StalinSort();
         Integer[] input = {4, 23, 6, 78, 1, 54, 231, 9, 12};
-        Integer[] expected = {4, 23, 78, 231}; 
+        Integer[] expected = {4, 23, 78, 231};
         Integer[] result = stalinSort.sort(input);
         assertArrayEquals(expected, result);
     }
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ public void testSortStrings() {
     public void testSortWithDuplicates() {
         StalinSort stalinSort = new StalinSort();
         Integer[] input = {1, 3, 2, 2, 5, 4};
-        Integer[] expected = {1, 2, 5}; 
+        Integer[] expected = {1, 2, 5};
         Integer[] result = stalinSort.sort(input);
         assertArrayEquals(expected, result);
     }
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ public void testSortWithDuplicates() {
     public void testSortEmptyArray() {
         StalinSort stalinSort = new StalinSort();
         Integer[] input = {};
-        Integer[] expected = {}; 
+        Integer[] expected = {};
         Integer[] result = stalinSort.sort(input);
         assertArrayEquals(expected, result);
     }

From d0b71135e352c3848f126e6be9232b14c6416c29 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: ANANT JAIN <139585700+anant-jain01@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Sun, 13 Oct 2024 01:01:04 +0530
Subject: [PATCH 26/53] Update StalinSort.java

---
 .../com/thealgorithms/sorts/StalinSort.java   | 22 ++++++-------------
 1 file changed, 7 insertions(+), 15 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/StalinSort.java b/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/StalinSort.java
index 01558a55fd00..738f1844ed9c 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/StalinSort.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/StalinSort.java
@@ -1,14 +1,16 @@
 package com.thealgorithms.sorts;
-
 /**
  * @author Anant Jain (https://github.com/anant-jain01)
  * @see https://medium.com/@kaweendra/the-ultimate-sorting-algorithm-6513d6968420
- */
+ **/
 public class StalinSort implements SortAlgorithm {
-
+    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
     public <T extends Comparable<T>> T[] sort(T[] array) {
-        int currentIndex = 0;
+        if (array.length == 0) {
+            return array;
+        }
 
+        int currentIndex = 0;
         for (int i = 1; i < array.length; i++) {
             if (array[i].compareTo(array[currentIndex]) >= 0) {
                 currentIndex++;
@@ -16,26 +18,16 @@ public <T extends Comparable<T>> T[] sort(T[] array) {
             }
         }
 
-        // Create a result array with sorted elements
-        T[] result = (T[]) new Comparable[currentIndex + 1];
+        T[] result = (T[]) java.lang.reflect.Array.newInstance(array.getClass().getComponentType(), currentIndex + 1);
         System.arraycopy(array, 0, result, 0, currentIndex + 1);
-
         return result;
     }
 
-    // Driver Program
     public static void main(String[] args) {
-        // Integer Input
         Integer[] integers = {4, 23, 6, 78, 1, 54, 231, 9, 12};
-
         StalinSort stalinSort = new StalinSort();
-
-        // print a sorted array
         SortUtils.print(stalinSort.sort(integers));
-
-        // String Input
         String[] strings = {"c", "a", "e", "b", "d"};
-
         SortUtils.print(stalinSort.sort(strings));
     }
 }

From 490b879d9eb19ebe8fe25d439c1c401d5413c16b Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: ANANT JAIN <139585700+anant-jain01@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Sun, 13 Oct 2024 01:03:08 +0530
Subject: [PATCH 27/53] Update pom.xml

---
 pom.xml | 170 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++--------------------------
 1 file changed, 90 insertions(+), 80 deletions(-)

diff --git a/pom.xml b/pom.xml
index c53b057c881d..94043b95d636 100644
--- a/pom.xml
+++ b/pom.xml
@@ -1,81 +1,91 @@
-<dependencies>
-    <dependency>
-        <groupId>org.junit.jupiter</groupId>
-        <artifactId>junit-jupiter</artifactId>
-        <version>5.11.2</version>
-        <scope>test</scope>
-    </dependency>
-    <dependency>
-        <groupId>org.junit.jupiter</groupId>
-        <artifactId>junit-jupiter-engine</artifactId>
-        <version>5.11.2</version>
-        <scope>test</scope>
-    </dependency>
-    <dependency>
-        <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
-        <artifactId>commons-lang3</artifactId>
-        <version>3.12.0</version>
-    </dependency>
-    <dependency>
-        <groupId>org.assertj</groupId>
-        <artifactId>assertj-core</artifactId>
-        <version>3.21.0</version>
-        <scope>test</scope>
-    </dependency>
-</dependencies>
+<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
+         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
+         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
+    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
 
-<build>
-    <plugins>
-        <plugin>
-            <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
-            <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
-            <version>3.10.1</version>
-            <configuration>
-                <source>21</source>
-                <target>21</target>
-                <compilerArgs>
-                    <arg>-Xlint:unchecked</arg>
-                </compilerArgs>
-            </configuration>
-        </plugin>
-        <plugin>
-            <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
-            <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
-            <version>3.5.1</version>
-            <configuration>
-                <forkNode implementation="org.apache.maven.plugin.surefire.extensions.SurefireForkNodeFactory"/>
-            </configuration>
-        </plugin>
-        <plugin>
-            <groupId>org.jacoco</groupId>
-            <artifactId>jacoco-maven-plugin</artifactId>
-            <version>0.8.8</version>
-            <executions>
-                <execution>
-                    <goals>
-                        <goal>prepare-agent</goal>
-                    </goals>
-                </execution>
-                <execution>
-                    <id>report</id>
-                    <phase>test</phase>
-                    <goals>
-                        <goal>report</goal>
-                    </goals>
-                </execution>
-            </executions>
-        </plugin>
-        <plugin>
-            <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
-            <artifactId>maven-checkstyle-plugin</artifactId>
-            <version>3.1.2</version>
-            <dependencies>
-                <dependency>
-                    <groupId>com.puppycrawl.tools</groupId>
-                    <artifactId>checkstyle</artifactId>
-                    <version>10.18.2</version>
-                </dependency>
-            </dependencies>
-        </plugin>
-    </plugins>
-</build>
+    <groupId>com.thealgorithms</groupId>
+    <artifactId>Java</artifactId>
+    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
+
+    <dependencies>
+        <dependency>
+            <groupId>org.junit.jupiter</groupId>
+            <artifactId>junit-jupiter</artifactId>
+            <version>5.11.2</version>
+            <scope>test</scope>
+        </dependency>
+        <dependency>
+            <groupId>org.junit.jupiter</groupId>
+            <artifactId>junit-jupiter-engine</artifactId>
+            <version>5.11.2</version>
+            <scope>test</scope>
+        </dependency>
+        <dependency>
+            <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
+            <artifactId>commons-lang3</artifactId>
+            <version>3.12.0</version>
+        </dependency>
+        <dependency>
+            <groupId>org.assertj</groupId>
+            <artifactId>assertj-core</artifactId>
+            <version>3.21.0</version>
+            <scope>test</scope>
+        </dependency>
+    </dependencies>
+
+    <build>
+        <plugins>
+            <plugin>
+                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
+                <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
+                <version>3.10.1</version>
+                <configuration>
+                    <source>21</source>
+                    <target>21</target>
+                    <compilerArgs>
+                        <arg>-Xlint:unchecked</arg>
+                    </compilerArgs>
+                </configuration>
+            </plugin>
+            <plugin>
+                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
+                <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
+                <version>3.5.1</version>
+                <configuration>
+                    <forkNode implementation="org.apache.maven.plugin.surefire.extensions.SurefireForkNodeFactory"/>
+                </configuration>
+            </plugin>
+            <plugin>
+                <groupId>org.jacoco</groupId>
+                <artifactId>jacoco-maven-plugin</artifactId>
+                <version>0.8.8</version>
+                <executions>
+                    <execution>
+                        <goals>
+                            <goal>prepare-agent</goal>
+                        </goals>
+                    </execution>
+                    <execution>
+                        <id>report</id>
+                        <phase>test</phase>
+                        <goals>
+                            <goal>report</goal>
+                        </goals>
+                    </execution>
+                </executions>
+            </plugin>
+            <plugin>
+                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
+                <artifactId>maven-checkstyle-plugin</artifactId>
+                <version>3.1.2</version>
+                <dependencies>
+                    <dependency>
+                        <groupId>com.puppycrawl.tools</groupId>
+                        <artifactId>checkstyle</artifactId>
+                        <version>10.18.2</version>
+                    </dependency>
+                </dependencies>
+            </plugin>
+        </plugins>
+    </build>
+</project>

From 08aae773ce3e802fc5375e03197769fb4099b2ca Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: ANANT JAIN <139585700+anant-jain01@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Sun, 13 Oct 2024 01:05:14 +0530
Subject: [PATCH 28/53] Update pom.xml

---
 pom.xml | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/pom.xml b/pom.xml
index 94043b95d636..92b5f75a6aa6 100644
--- a/pom.xml
+++ b/pom.xml
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
     <dependencies>
         <dependency>
             <groupId>org.junit.jupiter</groupId>
-            <artifactId>junit-jupiter</artifactId>
+            <artifactId>junit-jupiter-api</artifactId>
             <version>5.11.2</version>
             <scope>test</scope>
         </dependency>

From 9926906dcc4447f170b312ebedbbbd23d2338ca9 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: ANANT JAIN <139585700+anant-jain01@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Sun, 13 Oct 2024 01:06:48 +0530
Subject: [PATCH 29/53] Update StalinSortTest.java

---
 src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/StalinSortTest.java | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/StalinSortTest.java b/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/StalinSortTest.java
index 5af5b6342fd8..2ab9bfa3c00c 100644
--- a/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/StalinSortTest.java
+++ b/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/StalinSortTest.java
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 package com.thealgorithms.sorts;
 
-import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
 import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertArrayEquals;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
 
 public class StalinSortTest {
 

From 6cdebe2dd31e55ea91414d8c0e7d7ac61f93ee5b Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: ANANT JAIN <139585700+anant-jain01@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Sun, 13 Oct 2024 01:07:20 +0530
Subject: [PATCH 30/53] Update StalinSort.java

---
 src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/StalinSort.java | 5 +++++
 1 file changed, 5 insertions(+)

diff --git a/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/StalinSort.java b/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/StalinSort.java
index 738f1844ed9c..9d1dc61fc30b 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/StalinSort.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/StalinSort.java
@@ -18,15 +18,20 @@ public <T extends Comparable<T>> T[] sort(T[] array) {
             }
         }
 
+        // Create a result array with sorted elements
         T[] result = (T[]) java.lang.reflect.Array.newInstance(array.getClass().getComponentType(), currentIndex + 1);
         System.arraycopy(array, 0, result, 0, currentIndex + 1);
         return result;
     }
 
+    // Driver Program
     public static void main(String[] args) {
+        // Integer Input
         Integer[] integers = {4, 23, 6, 78, 1, 54, 231, 9, 12};
         StalinSort stalinSort = new StalinSort();
+        // print a sorted array
         SortUtils.print(stalinSort.sort(integers));
+        // String Input
         String[] strings = {"c", "a", "e", "b", "d"};
         SortUtils.print(stalinSort.sort(strings));
     }

From 4e6a279c980ffb48a2f32296e21407d78f874efc Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: ANANT JAIN <139585700+anant-jain01@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Sun, 13 Oct 2024 01:09:22 +0530
Subject: [PATCH 31/53] Update StalinSortTest.java


From c4982a025a03fb6a8b5a4c37eb22fc9d07f50be5 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: ANANT JAIN <139585700+anant-jain01@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Sun, 13 Oct 2024 01:23:46 +0530
Subject: [PATCH 32/53] Update pom.xml

---
 pom.xml | 175 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++----------------------------
 1 file changed, 86 insertions(+), 89 deletions(-)

diff --git a/pom.xml b/pom.xml
index 92b5f75a6aa6..78391d19a08f 100644
--- a/pom.xml
+++ b/pom.xml
@@ -1,91 +1,88 @@
 <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
-         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
-         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
-    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
-
-    <groupId>com.thealgorithms</groupId>
-    <artifactId>Java</artifactId>
-    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
-
-    <dependencies>
-        <dependency>
-            <groupId>org.junit.jupiter</groupId>
-            <artifactId>junit-jupiter-api</artifactId>
-            <version>5.11.2</version>
-            <scope>test</scope>
-        </dependency>
-        <dependency>
-            <groupId>org.junit.jupiter</groupId>
-            <artifactId>junit-jupiter-engine</artifactId>
-            <version>5.11.2</version>
-            <scope>test</scope>
-        </dependency>
-        <dependency>
-            <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
-            <artifactId>commons-lang3</artifactId>
-            <version>3.12.0</version>
-        </dependency>
-        <dependency>
-            <groupId>org.assertj</groupId>
-            <artifactId>assertj-core</artifactId>
-            <version>3.21.0</version>
-            <scope>test</scope>
-        </dependency>
-    </dependencies>
-
-    <build>
-        <plugins>
-            <plugin>
-                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
-                <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
-                <version>3.10.1</version>
-                <configuration>
-                    <source>21</source>
-                    <target>21</target>
-                    <compilerArgs>
-                        <arg>-Xlint:unchecked</arg>
-                    </compilerArgs>
-                </configuration>
-            </plugin>
-            <plugin>
-                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
-                <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
-                <version>3.5.1</version>
-                <configuration>
-                    <forkNode implementation="org.apache.maven.plugin.surefire.extensions.SurefireForkNodeFactory"/>
-                </configuration>
-            </plugin>
-            <plugin>
-                <groupId>org.jacoco</groupId>
-                <artifactId>jacoco-maven-plugin</artifactId>
-                <version>0.8.8</version>
-                <executions>
-                    <execution>
-                        <goals>
-                            <goal>prepare-agent</goal>
-                        </goals>
-                    </execution>
-                    <execution>
-                        <id>report</id>
-                        <phase>test</phase>
-                        <goals>
-                            <goal>report</goal>
-                        </goals>
-                    </execution>
-                </executions>
-            </plugin>
-            <plugin>
-                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
-                <artifactId>maven-checkstyle-plugin</artifactId>
-                <version>3.1.2</version>
-                <dependencies>
-                    <dependency>
-                        <groupId>com.puppycrawl.tools</groupId>
-                        <artifactId>checkstyle</artifactId>
-                        <version>10.18.2</version>
-                    </dependency>
-                </dependencies>
-            </plugin>
-        </plugins>
-    </build>
+xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
+xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
+<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
+<groupId>com.thealgorithms</groupId>
+<artifactId>Java</artifactId>
+<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
+<dependencies>
+<dependency>
+<groupId>org.junit.jupiter</groupId>
+<artifactId>junit-jupiter-api</artifactId>
+<version>5.11.2</version>
+<scope>test</scope>
+</dependency>
+<dependency>
+<groupId>org.junit.jupiter</groupId>
+<artifactId>junit-jupiter-engine</artifactId>
+<version>5.11.2</version>
+<scope>test</scope>
+</dependency>
+<dependency>
+<groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
+<artifactId>commons-lang3</artifactId>
+<version>3.12.0</version>
+</dependency>
+<dependency>
+<groupId>org.assertj</groupId>
+<artifactId>assertj-core</artifactId>
+<version>3.21.0</version>
+<scope>test</scope>
+</dependency>
+</dependencies>
+<build>
+<plugins>
+<plugin>
+<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
+<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
+<version>3.10.1</version>
+<configuration>
+<source>21</source>
+<target>21</target>
+<compilerArgs>
+<arg>-Xlint:unchecked</arg>
+	</compilerArgs>
+</configuration>
+</plugin>
+<plugin>
+<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
+<artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
+<version>3.5.1</version>
+<configuration>
+<forkNode implementation="org.apache.maven.plugin.surefire.extensions.SurefireForkNodeFactory"/>
+</configuration>
+</plugin>
+<plugin>
+<groupId>org.jacoco</groupId>
+<artifactId>jacoco-maven-plugin</artifactId>
+<version>0.8.8</version>
+<executions>
+<execution>
+<goals>
+<goal>prepare-agent</goal>
+</goals>
+</execution>
+<execution>
+<id>report</id>
+<phase>test</phase>
+<goals>
+<goal>report</goal>
+</goals>
+</execution>
+</executions>
+</plugin>
+<plugin>
+<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
+<artifactId>maven-checkstyle-plugin</artifactId>
+<version>3.1.2</version>
+<dependencies>
+<dependency>
+<groupId>com.puppycrawl.tools</groupId>
+<artifactId>checkstyle</artifactId>
+<version>10.18.2</version>
+</dependency>
+</dependencies>
+</plugin>
+</plugins>
+</build>
 </project>

From 2f1a6ff65b6c54fe7700edac90065cae5afdcf59 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: ANANT JAIN <139585700+anant-jain01@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Sun, 13 Oct 2024 01:27:02 +0530
Subject: [PATCH 33/53] Update StalinSortTest.java

---
 src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/StalinSortTest.java | 1 +
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+)

diff --git a/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/StalinSortTest.java b/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/StalinSortTest.java
index 2ab9bfa3c00c..b34c18d90597 100644
--- a/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/StalinSortTest.java
+++ b/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/StalinSortTest.java
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 package com.thealgorithms.sorts;
 
 import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertArrayEquals;
+
 import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
 
 public class StalinSortTest {

From 9c1f40f827d0bcb81ee357b1722915a4d29036fd Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: ANANT JAIN <139585700+anant-jain01@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Sun, 13 Oct 2024 01:28:07 +0530
Subject: [PATCH 34/53] Update pom.xml

---
 pom.xml | 232 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++---------------------
 1 file changed, 145 insertions(+), 87 deletions(-)

diff --git a/pom.xml b/pom.xml
index 78391d19a08f..9b27b9053d99 100644
--- a/pom.xml
+++ b/pom.xml
@@ -1,88 +1,146 @@
 <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
-xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
-xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
-<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
-<groupId>com.thealgorithms</groupId>
-<artifactId>Java</artifactId>
-<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
-<dependencies>
-<dependency>
-<groupId>org.junit.jupiter</groupId>
-<artifactId>junit-jupiter-api</artifactId>
-<version>5.11.2</version>
-<scope>test</scope>
-</dependency>
-<dependency>
-<groupId>org.junit.jupiter</groupId>
-<artifactId>junit-jupiter-engine</artifactId>
-<version>5.11.2</version>
-<scope>test</scope>
-</dependency>
-<dependency>
-<groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
-<artifactId>commons-lang3</artifactId>
-<version>3.12.0</version>
-</dependency>
-<dependency>
-<groupId>org.assertj</groupId>
-<artifactId>assertj-core</artifactId>
-<version>3.21.0</version>
-<scope>test</scope>
-</dependency>
-</dependencies>
-<build>
-<plugins>
-<plugin>
-<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
-<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
-<version>3.10.1</version>
-<configuration>
-<source>21</source>
-<target>21</target>
-<compilerArgs>
-<arg>-Xlint:unchecked</arg>
-	</compilerArgs>
-</configuration>
-</plugin>
-<plugin>
-<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
-<artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
-<version>3.5.1</version>
-<configuration>
-<forkNode implementation="org.apache.maven.plugin.surefire.extensions.SurefireForkNodeFactory"/>
-</configuration>
-</plugin>
-<plugin>
-<groupId>org.jacoco</groupId>
-<artifactId>jacoco-maven-plugin</artifactId>
-<version>0.8.8</version>
-<executions>
-<execution>
-<goals>
-<goal>prepare-agent</goal>
-</goals>
-</execution>
-<execution>
-<id>report</id>
-<phase>test</phase>
-<goals>
-<goal>report</goal>
-</goals>
-</execution>
-</executions>
-</plugin>
-<plugin>
-<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
-<artifactId>maven-checkstyle-plugin</artifactId>
-<version>3.1.2</version>
-<dependencies>
-<dependency>
-<groupId>com.puppycrawl.tools</groupId>
-<artifactId>checkstyle</artifactId>
-<version>10.18.2</version>
-</dependency>
-</dependencies>
-</plugin>
-</plugins>
-</build>
-</project>
+         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
+         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
+    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
+    <packaging>jar</packaging>
+
+    <properties>
+        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
+        <maven.compiler.source>21</maven.compiler.source>
+        <maven.compiler.target>21</maven.compiler.target>
+        <assertj.version>3.26.3</assertj.version>
+    </properties>
+
+    <dependencyManagement>
+        <dependencies>
+            <dependency>
+                <groupId>org.junit</groupId>
+                <artifactId>junit-bom</artifactId>
+                <version>5.11.2</version>
+                <type>pom</type>
+                <scope>import</scope>
+            </dependency>
+        </dependencies>
+    </dependencyManagement>
+
+    <dependencies>
+        <dependency>
+            <groupId>org.junit.jupiter</groupId>
+            <artifactId>junit-jupiter-api</artifactId>
+            <version>5.11.2</version>
+            <scope>test</scope>
+        </dependency>
+        <dependency>
+            <groupId>org.junit.jupiter</groupId>
+            <artifactId>junit-jupiter-engine</artifactId>
+            <version>5.11.2</version>
+            <scope>test</scope>
+        </dependency>
+        <dependency>
+            <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
+            <artifactId>commons-lang3</artifactId>
+            <version>3.12.0</version>
+        </dependency>
+        <dependency>
+            <groupId>org.assertj</groupId>
+            <artifactId>assertj-core</artifactId>
+            <version>${assertj.version}</version>
+            <scope>test</scope>
+        </dependency>
+        <dependency>
+            <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
+            <artifactId>commons-collections4</artifactId>
+            <version>4.4</version>
+        </dependency>
+    </dependencies>
+
+    <build>
+        <plugins>
+            <plugin>
+                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
+                <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
+                <version>3.10.1</version>
+                <configuration>
+                    <source>21</source>
+                    <target>21</target>
+                    <compilerArgs>
+                        <arg>-Xlint:unchecked</arg>
+                    </compilerArgs>
+                </configuration>
+            </plugin>
+            <plugin>
+                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
+                <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
+                <version>3.5.1</version>
+                <configuration>
+                    <forkNode implementation="org.apache.maven.plugin.surefire.extensions.SurefireForkNodeFactory"/>
+                </configuration>
+            </plugin>
+            <plugin>
+                <groupId>org.jacoco</groupId>
+                <artifactId>jacoco-maven-plugin</artifactId>
+                <version>0.8.8</version>
+                <executions>
+                    <execution>
+                        <goals>
+                            <goal>prepare-agent</goal>
+                        </goals>
+                    </execution>
+                    <execution>
+                        <id>report</id>
+                        <phase>test</phase>
+                        <goals>
+                            <goal>report</goal>
+                        </goals>
+                    </execution>
+                </executions>
+            </plugin>
+            <plugin>
+                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
+                <artifactId>maven-checkstyle-plugin</artifactId>
+                <version>3.1.2</version>
+                <configuration>
+                    <configLocation>checkstyle.xml</configLocation>
+                    <consoleOutput>true</consoleOutput>
+                    <includeTestSourceDirectory>true</includeTestSourceDirectory>
+                    <violationSeverity>warning</violationSeverity>
+                </configuration>
+                <dependencies>
+                    <dependency>
+                        <groupId>com.puppycrawl.tools</groupId>
+                        <artifactId>checkstyle</artifactId>
+                        <version>10.18.2</version>
+                    </dependency>
+                </dependencies>
+            </plugin>
+            <plugin>
+                <groupId>com.github.spotbugs</groupId>
+                <artifactId>spotbugs-maven-plugin</artifactId>
+                <version>4.8.6.4</version>
+                <configuration>
+                    <excludeFilterFile>spotbugs-exclude.xml</excludeFilterFile>
+                    <includeTests>true</includeTests>
+                    <plugins>
+                        <plugin>
+                            <groupId>com.mebigfatguy.fb-contrib</groupId>
+                            <artifactId>fb-contrib</artifactId>
+                            <version>7.6.5</version>
+                        </plugin>
+                        <plugin>
+                            <groupId>com.h3xstream.findsecbugs</groupId>
+                            <artifactId>findsecbugs-plugin</artifactId>
+                            <version>1.13.0</version>
+                        </plugin>
+                    </plugins>
+                </configuration>
+            </plugin>
+            <plugin>
+                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
+                <artifactId>maven-pmd-plugin</artifactId>
+                <version>3.25.0</version>
+                <configuration>
+                    <printFailingErrors>true</printFailingErrors>
+                    <includeTests>true</includeTests>
+                    <linkXRef>false</linkXRef>
+                    <excludeFromFailureFile>pmd-exclude.properties</excludeFromFailureFile>
+                </configuration>

From 6952bb1aa48b6302d349595e26f543da32247d6a Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: ANANT JAIN <139585700+anant-jain01@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Sun, 13 Oct 2024 01:30:18 +0530
Subject: [PATCH 35/53] Update pom.xml

---
 pom.xml | 13 +++++++------
 1 file changed, 7 insertions(+), 6 deletions(-)

diff --git a/pom.xml b/pom.xml
index 9b27b9053d99..ab458d54e468 100644
--- a/pom.xml
+++ b/pom.xml
@@ -2,8 +2,10 @@
          xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
          xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
     <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
+    <groupId>com.thealgorithms</groupId>
+    <artifactId>Java</artifactId>
+    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
     <packaging>jar</packaging>
-
     <properties>
         <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
         <maven.compiler.source>21</maven.compiler.source>
@@ -47,11 +49,6 @@
             <version>${assertj.version}</version>
             <scope>test</scope>
         </dependency>
-        <dependency>
-            <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
-            <artifactId>commons-collections4</artifactId>
-            <version>4.4</version>
-        </dependency>
     </dependencies>
 
     <build>
@@ -144,3 +141,7 @@
                     <linkXRef>false</linkXRef>
                     <excludeFromFailureFile>pmd-exclude.properties</excludeFromFailureFile>
                 </configuration>
+            </plugin>
+        </plugins>
+    </build>
+</project>

From f740fdebc32faef2bb325f6ee213a9d07ec7a169 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: ANANT JAIN <139585700+anant-jain01@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Sun, 13 Oct 2024 01:30:51 +0530
Subject: [PATCH 36/53] Update pom.xml

---
 pom.xml | 1 +
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+)

diff --git a/pom.xml b/pom.xml
index ab458d54e468..44e78fc76827 100644
--- a/pom.xml
+++ b/pom.xml
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
     <artifactId>Java</artifactId>
     <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
     <packaging>jar</packaging>
+
     <properties>
         <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
         <maven.compiler.source>21</maven.compiler.source>

From daf86c214b4454c29b885e9a42467de7e0e7b914 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: ANANT JAIN <139585700+anant-jain01@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Sun, 13 Oct 2024 01:32:36 +0530
Subject: [PATCH 37/53] Update StalinSort.java

---
 src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/StalinSort.java | 5 +----
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 4 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/StalinSort.java b/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/StalinSort.java
index 9d1dc61fc30b..6f644e4ee0d0 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/StalinSort.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/StalinSort.java
@@ -1,8 +1,5 @@
 package com.thealgorithms.sorts;
-/**
- * @author Anant Jain (https://github.com/anant-jain01)
- * @see https://medium.com/@kaweendra/the-ultimate-sorting-algorithm-6513d6968420
- **/
+
 public class StalinSort implements SortAlgorithm {
     @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
     public <T extends Comparable<T>> T[] sort(T[] array) {

From c0ad91f68bf82f1b8a679503d82b24f95734b9e0 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: ANANT JAIN <139585700+anant-jain01@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Sun, 13 Oct 2024 01:34:06 +0530
Subject: [PATCH 38/53] Update pom.xml

---
 pom.xml | 61 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++-----------------------
 1 file changed, 36 insertions(+), 25 deletions(-)

diff --git a/pom.xml b/pom.xml
index 44e78fc76827..673be6cd4e36 100644
--- a/pom.xml
+++ b/pom.xml
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
 <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
-         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
-         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
+    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
+    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
     <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
     <groupId>com.thealgorithms</groupId>
     <artifactId>Java</artifactId>
@@ -29,55 +30,65 @@
     <dependencies>
         <dependency>
             <groupId>org.junit.jupiter</groupId>
-            <artifactId>junit-jupiter-api</artifactId>
+            <artifactId>junit-jupiter</artifactId>
             <version>5.11.2</version>
             <scope>test</scope>
         </dependency>
+        <dependency>
+            <groupId>org.assertj</groupId>
+            <artifactId>assertj-core</artifactId>
+            <version>${assertj.version}</version>
+            <scope>test</scope>
+        </dependency>
+
         <dependency>
             <groupId>org.junit.jupiter</groupId>
-            <artifactId>junit-jupiter-engine</artifactId>
+            <artifactId>junit-jupiter-api</artifactId>
             <version>5.11.2</version>
             <scope>test</scope>
         </dependency>
         <dependency>
             <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
             <artifactId>commons-lang3</artifactId>
-            <version>3.12.0</version>
+            <version>3.17.0</version>
         </dependency>
         <dependency>
-            <groupId>org.assertj</groupId>
-            <artifactId>assertj-core</artifactId>
-            <version>${assertj.version}</version>
-            <scope>test</scope>
+            <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
+            <artifactId>commons-collections4</artifactId>
+            <version>4.5.0-M2</version>
         </dependency>
     </dependencies>
 
     <build>
         <plugins>
+            <plugin>
+                <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
+                <version>3.5.1</version>
+                <configuration>
+                    <forkNode implementation="org.apache.maven.plugin.surefire.extensions.SurefireForkNodeFactory"/>
+                </configuration>
+            </plugin>
             <plugin>
                 <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                 <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
-                <version>3.10.1</version>
+                <version>3.13.0</version>
                 <configuration>
                     <source>21</source>
                     <target>21</target>
                     <compilerArgs>
-                        <arg>-Xlint:unchecked</arg>
+                        <arg>-Xlint:all</arg>
+                        <arg>-Xlint:-auxiliaryclass</arg>
+                        <arg>-Xlint:-rawtypes</arg>
+                        <arg>-Xlint:-unchecked</arg>
+                        <arg>-Xlint:-lossy-conversions</arg>
+                        <arg>-Werror</arg>
                     </compilerArgs>
                 </configuration>
             </plugin>
-            <plugin>
-                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
-                <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
-                <version>3.5.1</version>
-                <configuration>
-                    <forkNode implementation="org.apache.maven.plugin.surefire.extensions.SurefireForkNodeFactory"/>
-                </configuration>
-            </plugin>
             <plugin>
                 <groupId>org.jacoco</groupId>
                 <artifactId>jacoco-maven-plugin</artifactId>
-                <version>0.8.8</version>
+                <version>0.8.12</version>
                 <executions>
                     <execution>
                         <goals>
@@ -85,7 +96,7 @@
                         </goals>
                     </execution>
                     <execution>
-                        <id>report</id>
+                        <id>generate-code-coverage-report</id>
                         <phase>test</phase>
                         <goals>
                             <goal>report</goal>
@@ -96,7 +107,7 @@
             <plugin>
                 <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                 <artifactId>maven-checkstyle-plugin</artifactId>
-                <version>3.1.2</version>
+                <version>3.5.0</version>
                 <configuration>
                     <configLocation>checkstyle.xml</configLocation>
                     <consoleOutput>true</consoleOutput>
@@ -105,9 +116,9 @@
                 </configuration>
                 <dependencies>
                     <dependency>
-                        <groupId>com.puppycrawl.tools</groupId>
-                        <artifactId>checkstyle</artifactId>
-                        <version>10.18.2</version>
+                    <groupId>com.puppycrawl.tools</groupId>
+                    <artifactId>checkstyle</artifactId>
+                    <version>10.18.2</version>
                     </dependency>
                 </dependencies>
             </plugin>

From dc274b687bce2f92980bcb01c98dc0db5bb99ecc Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: ANANT JAIN <139585700+anant-jain01@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Sun, 13 Oct 2024 01:38:56 +0530
Subject: [PATCH 39/53] Update StalinSortTest.java

---
 src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/StalinSortTest.java | 5 ++---
 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/StalinSortTest.java b/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/StalinSortTest.java
index b34c18d90597..301cc20eeb1c 100644
--- a/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/StalinSortTest.java
+++ b/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/StalinSortTest.java
@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 package com.thealgorithms.sorts;
 
 import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertArrayEquals;
-
 import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
 
 public class StalinSortTest {
@@ -19,7 +18,7 @@ public void testSortIntegers() {
     public void testSortStrings() {
         StalinSort stalinSort = new StalinSort();
         String[] input = {"c", "a", "e", "b", "d"};
-        String[] expected = {"a", "b", "c", "d", "e"};
+        String[] expected = {"c", "e"};
         String[] result = stalinSort.sort(input);
         assertArrayEquals(expected, result);
     }
@@ -28,7 +27,7 @@ public void testSortStrings() {
     public void testSortWithDuplicates() {
         StalinSort stalinSort = new StalinSort();
         Integer[] input = {1, 3, 2, 2, 5, 4};
-        Integer[] expected = {1, 2, 5};
+        Integer[] expected = {1, 3, 5};
         Integer[] result = stalinSort.sort(input);
         assertArrayEquals(expected, result);
     }

From 822dbe829f94ab430765e69c1d9267e6eacb71e2 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: ANANT JAIN <139585700+anant-jain01@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Sun, 13 Oct 2024 01:39:54 +0530
Subject: [PATCH 40/53] Update StalinSortTest.java

---
 src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/StalinSortTest.java | 1 +
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+)

diff --git a/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/StalinSortTest.java b/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/StalinSortTest.java
index 301cc20eeb1c..ee9c61379527 100644
--- a/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/StalinSortTest.java
+++ b/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/StalinSortTest.java
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 package com.thealgorithms.sorts;
 
 import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertArrayEquals;
+
 import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
 
 public class StalinSortTest {

From 9b485b78920d4da729a905275811231d31f8c256 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: ANANT JAIN <139585700+anant-jain01@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Sun, 13 Oct 2024 01:48:58 +0530
Subject: [PATCH 41/53] Create AdaptiveMergeSort.java

---
 .../sorts/AdaptiveMergeSort.java              | 50 +++++++++++++++++++
 1 file changed, 50 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/AdaptiveMergeSort.java

diff --git a/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/AdaptiveMergeSort.java b/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/AdaptiveMergeSort.java
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..9d17b9495907
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/AdaptiveMergeSort.java
@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+package com.thealgorithms.sorts;
+
+public class AdaptiveMergeSort implements SortAlgorithm {
+
+    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
+    public <T extends Comparable<T>> T[] sort(T[] array) {
+        if (array.length <= 1) {
+            return array;
+        }
+        T[] aux = array.clone();
+        sort(array, aux, 0, array.length - 1);
+        return array;
+    }
+
+    private <T extends Comparable<T>> void sort(T[] array, T[] aux, int low, int high) {
+        if (low >= high) {
+            return;
+        }
+        int mid = low + (high - low) / 2;
+        sort(array, aux, low, mid);
+        sort(array, aux, mid + 1, high);
+        merge(array, aux, low, mid, high);
+    }
+
+    private <T extends Comparable<T>> void merge(T[] array, T[] aux, int low, int mid, int high) {
+        for (int k = low; k <= high; k++) {
+            aux[k] = array[k];
+        }
+
+        int i = low, j = mid + 1;
+        for (int k = low; k <= high; k++) {
+            if (i > mid) array[k] = aux[j++];
+            else if (j > high) array[k] = aux[i++];
+            else if (aux[j].compareTo(aux[i]) < 0) array[k] = aux[j++];
+            else array[k] = aux[i++];
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        AdaptiveMergeSort adaptiveMergeSort = new AdaptiveMergeSort();
+        
+        // Integer Input
+        Integer[] integers = {4, 23, 6, 78, 1, 54, 231, 9, 12};
+        SortUtils.print(adaptiveMergeSort.sort(integers));
+
+        // String Input
+        String[] strings = {"c", "a", "e", "b", "d"};
+        SortUtils.print(adaptiveMergeSort.sort(strings));
+    }
+}

From 520792b0b24289ab00836cf96aeb8870237b0043 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: ANANT JAIN <139585700+anant-jain01@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Sun, 13 Oct 2024 01:49:34 +0530
Subject: [PATCH 42/53] Create AdaptiveMergeSortTest.java

---
 .../sorts/AdaptiveMergeSortTest.java          | 52 +++++++++++++++++++
 1 file changed, 52 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/AdaptiveMergeSortTest.java

diff --git a/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/AdaptiveMergeSortTest.java b/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/AdaptiveMergeSortTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..c519cfe3928a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/AdaptiveMergeSortTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+package com.thealgorithms.sorts;
+
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertArrayEquals;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+
+public class AdaptiveMergeSortTest {
+
+    @Test
+    public void testSortIntegers() {
+        AdaptiveMergeSort adaptiveMergeSort = new AdaptiveMergeSort();
+        Integer[] input = {4, 23, 6, 78, 1, 54, 231, 9, 12};
+        Integer[] expected = {1, 4, 6, 9, 12, 23, 54, 78, 231};
+        Integer[] result = adaptiveMergeSort.sort(input);
+        assertArrayEquals(expected, result);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testSortStrings() {
+        AdaptiveMergeSort adaptiveMergeSort = new AdaptiveMergeSort();
+        String[] input = {"c", "a", "e", "b", "d"};
+        String[] expected = {"a", "b", "c", "d", "e"};
+        String[] result = adaptiveMergeSort.sort(input);
+        assertArrayEquals(expected, result);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testSortWithDuplicates() {
+        AdaptiveMergeSort adaptiveMergeSort = new AdaptiveMergeSort();
+        Integer[] input = {1, 3, 2, 2, 5, 4};
+        Integer[] expected = {1, 2, 2, 3, 4, 5};
+        Integer[] result = adaptiveMergeSort.sort(input);
+        assertArrayEquals(expected, result);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testSortEmptyArray() {
+        AdaptiveMergeSort adaptiveMergeSort = new AdaptiveMergeSort();
+        Integer[] input = {};
+        Integer[] expected = {};
+        Integer[] result = adaptiveMergeSort.sort(input);
+        assertArrayEquals(expected, result);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testSortSingleElement() {
+        AdaptiveMergeSort adaptiveMergeSort = new AdaptiveMergeSort();
+        Integer[] input = {42};
+        Integer[] expected = {42};
+        Integer[] result = adaptiveMergeSort.sort(input);
+        assertArrayEquals(expected, result);
+    }
+}

From 51172f7acec9c1254e7d016d401686b9d5f6a0e6 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: ANANT JAIN <139585700+anant-jain01@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Sun, 13 Oct 2024 01:52:04 +0530
Subject: [PATCH 43/53] Update AdaptiveMergeSort.java

---
 .../java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/AdaptiveMergeSort.java  | 9 ++++++++-
 1 file changed, 8 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/AdaptiveMergeSort.java b/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/AdaptiveMergeSort.java
index 9d17b9495907..0d7a68037bc7 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/AdaptiveMergeSort.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/AdaptiveMergeSort.java
@@ -1,5 +1,12 @@
 package com.thealgorithms.sorts;
-
+ 
+     public static void main(String[] args) {
+         AdaptiveMergeSort adaptiveMergeSort = new AdaptiveMergeSort();
+-        
++
+         // Integer Input
+         Integer[] integers = {4, 23, 6, 78, 1, 54, 231, 9, 12};
+         SortUtils.print(adaptiveMergeSort.sort(integers));
 public class AdaptiveMergeSort implements SortAlgorithm {
 
     @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")

From 877050292e9496276f97bb5a1b27bbfd387c7bb4 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: ANANT JAIN <139585700+anant-jain01@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Sun, 13 Oct 2024 01:58:51 +0530
Subject: [PATCH 44/53] Update AdaptiveMergeSort.java

---
 .../sorts/AdaptiveMergeSort.java              | 30 +++++++------------
 1 file changed, 11 insertions(+), 19 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/AdaptiveMergeSort.java b/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/AdaptiveMergeSort.java
index 0d7a68037bc7..6277f5bace4c 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/AdaptiveMergeSort.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/AdaptiveMergeSort.java
@@ -1,12 +1,5 @@
 package com.thealgorithms.sorts;
- 
-     public static void main(String[] args) {
-         AdaptiveMergeSort adaptiveMergeSort = new AdaptiveMergeSort();
--        
-+
-         // Integer Input
-         Integer[] integers = {4, 23, 6, 78, 1, 54, 231, 9, 12};
-         SortUtils.print(adaptiveMergeSort.sort(integers));
+
 public class AdaptiveMergeSort implements SortAlgorithm {
 
     @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
@@ -43,15 +36,14 @@ private <T extends Comparable<T>> void merge(T[] array, T[] aux, int low, int mi
         }
     }
 
-    public static void main(String[] args) {
-        AdaptiveMergeSort adaptiveMergeSort = new AdaptiveMergeSort();
-        
-        // Integer Input
-        Integer[] integers = {4, 23, 6, 78, 1, 54, 231, 9, 12};
-        SortUtils.print(adaptiveMergeSort.sort(integers));
+        public static void main(String[] args) {
+            AdaptiveMergeSort adaptiveMergeSort = new AdaptiveMergeSort();
 
-        // String Input
-        String[] strings = {"c", "a", "e", "b", "d"};
-        SortUtils.print(adaptiveMergeSort.sort(strings));
-    }
-}
+
+            Integer[] integers = {4, 23, 6, 78, 1, 54, 231, 9, 12};
+            SortUtils.print(adaptiveMergeSort.sort(integers));
+
+            String[] strings = {"c", "a", "e", "b", "d"};
+            SortUtils.print(adaptiveMergeSort.sort(strings));
+         }
+     }

From 19f83d9dd89300db97002a4a8ff92f1e6f6dfd50 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: ANANT JAIN <139585700+anant-jain01@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Sun, 13 Oct 2024 02:00:22 +0530
Subject: [PATCH 45/53] Update AdaptiveMergeSortTest.java

---
 src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/AdaptiveMergeSortTest.java | 1 +
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+)

diff --git a/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/AdaptiveMergeSortTest.java b/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/AdaptiveMergeSortTest.java
index c519cfe3928a..9d94b165d81b 100644
--- a/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/AdaptiveMergeSortTest.java
+++ b/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/AdaptiveMergeSortTest.java
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 package com.thealgorithms.sorts;
 
 import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertArrayEquals;
+
 import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
 
 public class AdaptiveMergeSortTest {

From 31c386a4a797191150a6e50e654c33eda1e40d46 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: ANANT JAIN <139585700+anant-jain01@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Sun, 13 Oct 2024 02:02:30 +0530
Subject: [PATCH 46/53] Update AdaptiveMergeSort.java

---
 .../sorts/AdaptiveMergeSort.java              | 31 ++++++++++---------
 1 file changed, 17 insertions(+), 14 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/AdaptiveMergeSort.java b/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/AdaptiveMergeSort.java
index 6277f5bace4c..30693eb7fe61 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/AdaptiveMergeSort.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/AdaptiveMergeSort.java
@@ -29,21 +29,24 @@ private <T extends Comparable<T>> void merge(T[] array, T[] aux, int low, int mi
 
         int i = low, j = mid + 1;
         for (int k = low; k <= high; k++) {
-            if (i > mid) array[k] = aux[j++];
-            else if (j > high) array[k] = aux[i++];
-            else if (aux[j].compareTo(aux[i]) < 0) array[k] = aux[j++];
-            else array[k] = aux[i++];
+            if (i > mid)
+                array[k] = aux[j++];
+            else if (j > high)
+                array[k] = aux[i++];
+            else if (aux[j].compareTo(aux[i]) < 0)
+                array[k] = aux[j++];
+            else
+                array[k] = aux[i++];
         }
     }
 
-        public static void main(String[] args) {
-            AdaptiveMergeSort adaptiveMergeSort = new AdaptiveMergeSort();
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        AdaptiveMergeSort adaptiveMergeSort = new AdaptiveMergeSort();
+ 
+        Integer[] integers = {4, 23, 6, 78, 1, 54, 231, 9, 12};
+        SortUtils.print(adaptiveMergeSort.sort(integers));
 
-
-            Integer[] integers = {4, 23, 6, 78, 1, 54, 231, 9, 12};
-            SortUtils.print(adaptiveMergeSort.sort(integers));
-
-            String[] strings = {"c", "a", "e", "b", "d"};
-            SortUtils.print(adaptiveMergeSort.sort(strings));
-         }
-     }
+        String[] strings = {"c", "a", "e", "b", "d"};
+        SortUtils.print(adaptiveMergeSort.sort(strings));
+    }
+}

From 428f96e0f514063c2856067c3eeb7a42f2b30198 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: ANANT JAIN <139585700+anant-jain01@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Sun, 13 Oct 2024 02:04:33 +0530
Subject: [PATCH 47/53] Update AdaptiveMergeSort.java

---
 src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/AdaptiveMergeSort.java | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/AdaptiveMergeSort.java b/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/AdaptiveMergeSort.java
index 30693eb7fe61..1c6deae11df6 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/AdaptiveMergeSort.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/AdaptiveMergeSort.java
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ else if (aux[j].compareTo(aux[i]) < 0)
 
     public static void main(String[] args) {
         AdaptiveMergeSort adaptiveMergeSort = new AdaptiveMergeSort();
- 
+        
         Integer[] integers = {4, 23, 6, 78, 1, 54, 231, 9, 12};
         SortUtils.print(adaptiveMergeSort.sort(integers));
 

From 0a550c1dc168d53bd445adf62c163057fdc93aaf Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: ANANT JAIN <139585700+anant-jain01@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Sun, 13 Oct 2024 02:06:39 +0530
Subject: [PATCH 48/53] Update AdaptiveMergeSort.java

---
 src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/AdaptiveMergeSort.java | 1 -
 1 file changed, 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/AdaptiveMergeSort.java b/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/AdaptiveMergeSort.java
index 1c6deae11df6..4fada334e501 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/AdaptiveMergeSort.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/AdaptiveMergeSort.java
@@ -42,7 +42,6 @@ else if (aux[j].compareTo(aux[i]) < 0)
 
     public static void main(String[] args) {
         AdaptiveMergeSort adaptiveMergeSort = new AdaptiveMergeSort();
-        
         Integer[] integers = {4, 23, 6, 78, 1, 54, 231, 9, 12};
         SortUtils.print(adaptiveMergeSort.sort(integers));
 

From 44c28564379b0fccc1dab2558ce323a328d1fbcd Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: ANANT JAIN <139585700+anant-jain01@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Sun, 13 Oct 2024 02:09:29 +0530
Subject: [PATCH 49/53] Update AdaptiveMergeSort.java

---
 .../thealgorithms/sorts/AdaptiveMergeSort.java    | 15 ++++++++++-----
 1 file changed, 10 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/AdaptiveMergeSort.java b/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/AdaptiveMergeSort.java
index 4fada334e501..6cd0c89dc79b 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/AdaptiveMergeSort.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/AdaptiveMergeSort.java
@@ -27,24 +27,29 @@ private <T extends Comparable<T>> void merge(T[] array, T[] aux, int low, int mi
             aux[k] = array[k];
         }
 
-        int i = low, j = mid + 1;
+        int i = low;
+        int j = mid + 1;
         for (int k = low; k <= high; k++) {
-            if (i > mid)
+            if (i > mid) {
                 array[k] = aux[j++];
-            else if (j > high)
+            } else if (j > high) {
                 array[k] = aux[i++];
-            else if (aux[j].compareTo(aux[i]) < 0)
+            } else if (aux[j].compareTo(aux[i]) < 0) {
                 array[k] = aux[j++];
-            else
+            } else {
                 array[k] = aux[i++];
+            }
         }
     }
 
     public static void main(String[] args) {
         AdaptiveMergeSort adaptiveMergeSort = new AdaptiveMergeSort();
+        
+        // Integer Input
         Integer[] integers = {4, 23, 6, 78, 1, 54, 231, 9, 12};
         SortUtils.print(adaptiveMergeSort.sort(integers));
 
+        // String Input
         String[] strings = {"c", "a", "e", "b", "d"};
         SortUtils.print(adaptiveMergeSort.sort(strings));
     }

From eacb7f299a8889ac5e99054b94110955f2ff54a2 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: ANANT JAIN <139585700+anant-jain01@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Sun, 13 Oct 2024 02:14:05 +0530
Subject: [PATCH 50/53] Update AdaptiveMergeSort.java

---
 src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/AdaptiveMergeSort.java | 1 -
 1 file changed, 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/AdaptiveMergeSort.java b/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/AdaptiveMergeSort.java
index 6cd0c89dc79b..3b1a6c524320 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/AdaptiveMergeSort.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/AdaptiveMergeSort.java
@@ -44,7 +44,6 @@ private <T extends Comparable<T>> void merge(T[] array, T[] aux, int low, int mi
 
     public static void main(String[] args) {
         AdaptiveMergeSort adaptiveMergeSort = new AdaptiveMergeSort();
-        
         // Integer Input
         Integer[] integers = {4, 23, 6, 78, 1, 54, 231, 9, 12};
         SortUtils.print(adaptiveMergeSort.sort(integers));

From 7cf4bdbf05060ab42b40e83fd6e637d91049aa41 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: ANANT JAIN <139585700+anant-jain01@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Sun, 13 Oct 2024 02:19:53 +0530
Subject: [PATCH 51/53] Update AdaptiveMergeSort.java

---
 src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/AdaptiveMergeSort.java | 4 +---
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 3 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/AdaptiveMergeSort.java b/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/AdaptiveMergeSort.java
index 3b1a6c524320..55286b56798c 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/AdaptiveMergeSort.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/AdaptiveMergeSort.java
@@ -23,9 +23,7 @@ private <T extends Comparable<T>> void sort(T[] array, T[] aux, int low, int hig
     }
 
     private <T extends Comparable<T>> void merge(T[] array, T[] aux, int low, int mid, int high) {
-        for (int k = low; k <= high; k++) {
-            aux[k] = array[k];
-        }
+        System.arraycopy(array, low, aux, low, high - low + 1);
 
         int i = low;
         int j = mid + 1;

From be7d4ff365370130197fbc1e726f4b0502e9cad8 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: ANANT JAIN <139585700+anant-jain01@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Tue, 15 Oct 2024 21:11:27 +0530
Subject: [PATCH 52/53] Update AdaptiveMergeSort.java

---
 .../com/thealgorithms/sorts/AdaptiveMergeSort.java  | 13 -------------
 1 file changed, 13 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/AdaptiveMergeSort.java b/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/AdaptiveMergeSort.java
index 55286b56798c..2c71bae8b557 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/AdaptiveMergeSort.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/AdaptiveMergeSort.java
@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 package com.thealgorithms.sorts;
 
 public class AdaptiveMergeSort implements SortAlgorithm {
-
     @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
     public <T extends Comparable<T>> T[] sort(T[] array) {
         if (array.length <= 1) {
@@ -24,7 +23,6 @@ private <T extends Comparable<T>> void sort(T[] array, T[] aux, int low, int hig
 
     private <T extends Comparable<T>> void merge(T[] array, T[] aux, int low, int mid, int high) {
         System.arraycopy(array, low, aux, low, high - low + 1);
-
         int i = low;
         int j = mid + 1;
         for (int k = low; k <= high; k++) {
@@ -39,15 +37,4 @@ private <T extends Comparable<T>> void merge(T[] array, T[] aux, int low, int mi
             }
         }
     }
-
-    public static void main(String[] args) {
-        AdaptiveMergeSort adaptiveMergeSort = new AdaptiveMergeSort();
-        // Integer Input
-        Integer[] integers = {4, 23, 6, 78, 1, 54, 231, 9, 12};
-        SortUtils.print(adaptiveMergeSort.sort(integers));
-
-        // String Input
-        String[] strings = {"c", "a", "e", "b", "d"};
-        SortUtils.print(adaptiveMergeSort.sort(strings));
-    }
 }

From bff1ecbd9526ad3ace5b0db19a319d5d32ae6299 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: ANANT JAIN <139585700+anant-jain01@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Tue, 15 Oct 2024 21:12:06 +0530
Subject: [PATCH 53/53] Update StalinSort.java

---
 .../java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/StalinSort.java   | 14 --------------
 1 file changed, 14 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/StalinSort.java b/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/StalinSort.java
index 6f644e4ee0d0..5aaf530fd94c 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/StalinSort.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/StalinSort.java
@@ -6,7 +6,6 @@ public <T extends Comparable<T>> T[] sort(T[] array) {
         if (array.length == 0) {
             return array;
         }
-
         int currentIndex = 0;
         for (int i = 1; i < array.length; i++) {
             if (array[i].compareTo(array[currentIndex]) >= 0) {
@@ -14,22 +13,9 @@ public <T extends Comparable<T>> T[] sort(T[] array) {
                 array[currentIndex] = array[i];
             }
         }
-
         // Create a result array with sorted elements
         T[] result = (T[]) java.lang.reflect.Array.newInstance(array.getClass().getComponentType(), currentIndex + 1);
         System.arraycopy(array, 0, result, 0, currentIndex + 1);
         return result;
     }
-
-    // Driver Program
-    public static void main(String[] args) {
-        // Integer Input
-        Integer[] integers = {4, 23, 6, 78, 1, 54, 231, 9, 12};
-        StalinSort stalinSort = new StalinSort();
-        // print a sorted array
-        SortUtils.print(stalinSort.sort(integers));
-        // String Input
-        String[] strings = {"c", "a", "e", "b", "d"};
-        SortUtils.print(stalinSort.sort(strings));
-    }
 }