Add Sleep Sort in C++ (Fixes #3340) (#5179)

Also, update build command for C++ programs to support threading (Fixes Sleep Sort build issue)

Author: apurvavats

archive/c/c-plus-plus/sleep-sort.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
+#include <iostream>
+#include <vector>
+#include <string>
+#include <thread>
+#include <mutex>
+#include <sstream>
+#include <chrono>
+
+std::mutex mtx;
+std::vector<int> sorted_numbers;
+
+void sortNumber(int number) {
+    std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::seconds(number));
+    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(mtx);
+    sorted_numbers.push_back(number);
+}
+
+std::vector<int> parseInput(const std::string &input) {
+    std::vector<int> numbers;
+    std::stringstream ss(input);
+    std::string token;
+
+    while (std::getline(ss, token, ',')) {
+        try {
+            int num = std::stoi(token);
+            numbers.push_back(num);
+        } catch (...) {
+            throw std::invalid_argument("Invalid input");
+        }
+    }
+
+    return numbers;
+}
+
+int main(int argc, char* argv[]) {
+    if (argc != 2) {
+        std::cerr << "Usage: please provide a list of at least two integers to sort in the format \"1, 2, 3, 4, 5\"\n";
+        return 1;
+    }
+
+    std::string input = argv[1];
+    if (input.empty() || input[0] == ' ') {
+        std::cerr << "Usage: please provide a list of at least two integers to sort in the format \"1, 2, 3, 4, 5\"\n";
+        return 1;
+    }
+
+    std::vector<int> numbers;
+    try {
+        numbers = parseInput(input);
+    } catch (...) {
+        std::cerr << "Usage: please provide a valid list of integers in the format \"1, 2, 3, 4, 5\"\n";
+        return 1;
+    }
+
+    if (numbers.size() < 2) {
+        std::cerr << "Usage: please provide a list of at least two integers to sort in the format \"1, 2, 3, 4, 5\"\n";
+        return 1;
+    }
+
+    std::vector<std::thread> threads;
+    for (int num : numbers) {
+        threads.emplace_back(sortNumber, num);
+    }
+
+    for (auto &t : threads) {
+        t.join();
+    }
+
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < sorted_numbers.size(); ++i) {
+        std::cout << sorted_numbers[i];
+        if (i < sorted_numbers.size() - 1) std::cout << ", ";
+    }
+    std::cout << std::endl;
+
+    return 0;
+}

archive/c/c-plus-plus/testinfo.yml

@@ -4,6 +4,6 @@ folder:
 
 container:
   image: "gcc"
-  tag: "8.3" 
-  build: "g++ -o {{ source.name }} {{ source.name }}{{ source.extension }}"
+  tag: "8.3"
+  build: "g++ -std=c++17 -pthread -o {{ source.name }} {{ source.name }}{{ source.extension }}"
   cmd: "./{{ source.name }}"