diff --git a/archive/c/c/base64-encode-decode.c b/archive/c/c/base64-encode-decode.c new file mode 100644 index 000000000..e9b704227 --- /dev/null +++ b/archive/c/c/base64-encode-decode.c @@ -0,0 +1,205 @@ +#include +#include +#include +#include +#include + +static const unsigned char base64_alphabet[65] = +"ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789+/"; + +static unsigned char* base64_encode(const unsigned char* input, size_t length, size_t* output_length); +static unsigned char* base64_decode(const unsigned char* input, size_t length, size_t* output_length); +static int is_valid_base64(const char* string); +static void show_usage(void); + +int main(int argc, char* argv[]) { + if (argc != 3) { + show_usage(); + } + + const char* mode = argv[1]; + const char* input_text = argv[2]; + + if (strcmp(mode, "encode") == 0) { + if (strlen(input_text) == 0) show_usage(); + + size_t input_length = strlen(input_text); + unsigned char* data = base64_encode((const unsigned char*)input_text, input_length, NULL); + if (!data) { + show_usage(); + } + + printf("%s\n", data); + free(data); + } + else if (strcmp(mode, "decode") == 0) { + if (strlen(input_text) == 0 || !is_valid_base64(input_text)) { + show_usage(); + } + + size_t input_length = strlen(input_text); + size_t decoded_length; + unsigned char* data = base64_decode((const unsigned char*)input_text, input_length, &decoded_length); + if (!data || decoded_length == 0) { + show_usage(); + } + + fwrite(data, 1, decoded_length, stdout); + fflush(stdout); + free(data); + } + else { + show_usage(); + } + + return 0; +} + +static void show_usage(void) { + fprintf(stderr, "Usage: please provide a mode and a string to encode/decode\n"); + exit(EXIT_FAILURE); +} + +static int is_valid_base64(const char* str) { + if (!str) return 0; + + size_t length = strlen(str); + + // Base64 strings must have length multiple of 4 + if (length == 0 || length % 4 != 0) { + return 0; + } + + // Each character must be alphanumeric, '+' or '/', or '=' for padding + for (size_t i = 0; i < length; i++) { + unsigned char c = (unsigned char)str[i]; + if (!isalnum(c) && c != '+' && c != '/' && c != '=') { + return 0; + } + } + + // Padding '=' only allowed at the end (max two) + size_t padding_count = 0; + if (length >= 1 && str[length - 1] == '=') { + padding_count++; + } + if (length >= 2 && str[length - 2] == '=') { + padding_count++; + } + // '=' should not appear before the padding section + for (size_t i = 0; i < length - padding_count; i++) { + if (str[i] == '=') { + return 0; + } + } + + return 1; +} + +static unsigned char* base64_encode(const unsigned char* input, size_t length, size_t* output_length) { + if (!input) return NULL; + + // 4 chars for every 3 bytes, rounded up + size_t encoded_length = 4 * ((length + 2) / 3); + unsigned char* data = malloc(encoded_length + 1); // +1 for NUL terminator + if (!data) return NULL; + + size_t input_index = 0, encoded_index = 0; + while (input_index < length) { + uint32_t buffer = 0; + int remaining = (int)(length - input_index); + + // Pack up to 3 bytes into 24 bits buffer + buffer |= ((uint32_t)input[input_index++]) << 16; + if (remaining > 1) { + buffer |= ((uint32_t)input[input_index++]) << 8; + } + if (remaining > 2) { + buffer |= (uint32_t)input[input_index++]; + } + + // Extract 6-bit groups and map to Base64 chars + data[encoded_index++] = base64_alphabet[(buffer >> 18) & 0x3F]; + data[encoded_index++] = base64_alphabet[(buffer >> 12) & 0x3F]; + data[encoded_index++] = (remaining > 1) ? base64_alphabet[(buffer >> 6) & 0x3F] : '='; + data[encoded_index++] = (remaining > 2) ? base64_alphabet[buffer & 0x3F] : '='; + } + + data[encoded_index] = '\0'; // Null-terminate output string + + if (output_length) { + *output_length = encoded_index; + } + return data; +} + +static unsigned char* base64_decode(const unsigned char* input, size_t length, size_t* output_length) { + if (!input) return NULL; + + unsigned char decoding_table[256]; + memset(decoding_table, 0x80, 256); // 0x80 marks invalid chars + + for (int i = 0; i < 64; i++) { + decoding_table[base64_alphabet[i]] = (unsigned char)i; + } + decoding_table['='] = 0; + + // Count valid base64 characters (ignore whitespace or invalid chars) + size_t valid_char_count = 0; + for (size_t i = 0; i < length; i++) { + if (decoding_table[input[i]] != 0x80) { + valid_char_count++; + } + } + + if (valid_char_count == 0 || valid_char_count % 4 != 0) { + return NULL; + } + + size_t decoded_length = valid_char_count / 4 * 3; + unsigned char* data = malloc(decoded_length); + if (!data) return NULL; + + size_t input_index = 0, decoded_index = 0; + unsigned char block[4]; + int padding_count = 0; + size_t block_char_count = 0; + + while (input_index < length) { + unsigned char val = decoding_table[input[input_index++]]; + if (val == 0x80) { + continue; // skip invalid chars (including whitespace) + } + + if (input[input_index - 1] == '=') { + padding_count++; + } + block[block_char_count++] = val; + + if (block_char_count == 4) { + data[decoded_index++] = (block[0] << 2) | (block[1] >> 4); + data[decoded_index++] = (block[1] << 4) | (block[2] >> 2); + data[decoded_index++] = (block[2] << 6) | block[3]; + block_char_count = 0; + + if (padding_count) { + if (padding_count == 1) { + decoded_index--; + } + else if (padding_count == 2) { + decoded_index -= 2; + } + else { + free(data); + return NULL; // invalid padding length + } + break; + } + } + } + + if (output_length) { + *output_length = decoded_index; + } + return data; +}