chore: refactor tuples and scoring (#1992)

- Changes the tuples to be all backed by a single type.
- Refactors scoring to use that single type.
- Applies the same partial scoring patterns from bendable to all other
score types as well.

This is in preparation for the future, when we will drop the `int`-based
scores, making the scoring bimorphic (`long` and `BigDecimal` only).
This will improve performance in the future, but did not cause
regressions now.

The PR is large, but that's because of all the copy-paste. This PR is,
in fact, 3 conceptual changes, copied all over the place 20 times.

Author: triceo

core/src/main/java/ai/timefold/solver/core/impl/bavet/bi/AbstractGroupBiNode.java

@@ -6,11 +6,11 @@
 import ai.timefold.solver.core.api.score.stream.bi.BiConstraintCollector;
 import ai.timefold.solver.core.config.solver.EnvironmentMode;
 import ai.timefold.solver.core.impl.bavet.common.AbstractGroupNode;
-import ai.timefold.solver.core.impl.bavet.common.tuple.AbstractTuple;
 import ai.timefold.solver.core.impl.bavet.common.tuple.BiTuple;
+import ai.timefold.solver.core.impl.bavet.common.tuple.Tuple;
 import ai.timefold.solver.core.impl.bavet.common.tuple.TupleLifecycle;
 
-abstract class AbstractGroupBiNode<OldA, OldB, OutTuple_ extends AbstractTuple, GroupKey_, ResultContainer_, Result_>
+abstract class AbstractGroupBiNode<OldA, OldB, OutTuple_ extends Tuple, GroupKey_, ResultContainer_, Result_>
         extends AbstractGroupNode<BiTuple<OldA, OldB>, OutTuple_, GroupKey_, ResultContainer_, Result_> {
 
     private final TriFunction<ResultContainer_, OldA, OldB, Runnable> accumulator;
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ protected AbstractGroupBiNode(int groupStoreIndex,
 
     @Override
     protected final Runnable accumulate(ResultContainer_ resultContainer, BiTuple<OldA, OldB> tuple) {
-        return accumulator.apply(resultContainer, tuple.factA, tuple.factB);
+        return accumulator.apply(resultContainer, tuple.getA(), tuple.getB());
     }
 
 }

core/src/main/java/ai/timefold/solver/core/impl/bavet/bi/ConcatBiBiNode.java

@@ -15,24 +15,24 @@ public ConcatBiBiNode(TupleLifecycle<BiTuple<A, B>> nextNodesTupleLifecycle,
 
     @Override
     protected BiTuple<A, B> getOutTupleFromLeft(BiTuple<A, B> leftTuple) {
-        return new BiTuple<>(leftTuple.factA, leftTuple.factB, outputStoreSize);
+        return BiTuple.of(leftTuple.getA(), leftTuple.getB(), outputStoreSize);
     }
 
     @Override
     protected BiTuple<A, B> getOutTupleFromRight(BiTuple<A, B> rightTuple) {
-        return new BiTuple<>(rightTuple.factA, rightTuple.factB, outputStoreSize);
+        return BiTuple.of(rightTuple.getA(), rightTuple.getB(), outputStoreSize);
     }
 
     @Override
     protected void updateOutTupleFromLeft(BiTuple<A, B> leftTuple, BiTuple<A, B> outTuple) {
-        outTuple.factA = leftTuple.factA;
-        outTuple.factB = leftTuple.factB;
+        outTuple.setA(leftTuple.getA());
+        outTuple.setB(leftTuple.getB());
     }
 
     @Override
     protected void updateOutTupleFromRight(BiTuple<A, B> rightTuple, BiTuple<A, B> outTuple) {
-        outTuple.factA = rightTuple.factA;
-        outTuple.factB = rightTuple.factB;
+        outTuple.setA(rightTuple.getA());
+        outTuple.setB(rightTuple.getB());
     }
 
 }

core/src/main/java/ai/timefold/solver/core/impl/bavet/bi/ConcatBiUniNode.java

@@ -21,24 +21,24 @@ public ConcatBiUniNode(Function<A, B> paddingFunction, TupleLifecycle<BiTuple<A,
 
     @Override
     protected BiTuple<A, B> getOutTupleFromLeft(BiTuple<A, B> leftTuple) {
-        return new BiTuple<>(leftTuple.factA, leftTuple.factB, outputStoreSize);
+        return BiTuple.of(leftTuple.getA(), leftTuple.getB(), outputStoreSize);
     }
 
     @Override
     protected BiTuple<A, B> getOutTupleFromRight(UniTuple<A> rightTuple) {
-        var factA = rightTuple.factA;
-        return new BiTuple<>(factA, paddingFunction.apply(factA), outputStoreSize);
+        var factA = rightTuple.getA();
+        return BiTuple.of(factA, paddingFunction.apply(factA), outputStoreSize);
     }
 
     @Override
     protected void updateOutTupleFromLeft(BiTuple<A, B> leftTuple, BiTuple<A, B> outTuple) {
-        outTuple.factA = leftTuple.factA;
-        outTuple.factB = leftTuple.factB;
+        outTuple.setA(leftTuple.getA());
+        outTuple.setB(leftTuple.getB());
     }
 
     @Override
     protected void updateOutTupleFromRight(UniTuple<A> rightTuple, BiTuple<A, B> outTuple) {
-        outTuple.factA = rightTuple.factA;
+        outTuple.setA(rightTuple.getA());
     }
 
 }

core/src/main/java/ai/timefold/solver/core/impl/bavet/bi/ConcatUniBiNode.java

@@ -22,24 +22,24 @@ public ConcatUniBiNode(Function<A, B> paddingFunction, TupleLifecycle<BiTuple<A,
 
     @Override
     protected BiTuple<A, B> getOutTupleFromLeft(UniTuple<A> leftTuple) {
-        var factA = leftTuple.factA;
-        return new BiTuple<>(factA, paddingFunction.apply(factA), outputStoreSize);
+        var factA = leftTuple.getA();
+        return BiTuple.of(factA, paddingFunction.apply(factA), outputStoreSize);
     }
 
     @Override
     protected BiTuple<A, B> getOutTupleFromRight(BiTuple<A, B> rightTuple) {
-        return new BiTuple<>(rightTuple.factA, rightTuple.factB, outputStoreSize);
+        return BiTuple.of(rightTuple.getA(), rightTuple.getB(), outputStoreSize);
     }
 
     @Override
     protected void updateOutTupleFromLeft(UniTuple<A> leftTuple, BiTuple<A, B> outTuple) {
-        outTuple.factA = leftTuple.factA;
+        outTuple.setA(leftTuple.getA());
     }
 
     @Override
     protected void updateOutTupleFromRight(BiTuple<A, B> rightTuple, BiTuple<A, B> outTuple) {
-        outTuple.factA = rightTuple.factA;
-        outTuple.factB = rightTuple.factB;
+        outTuple.setA(rightTuple.getA());
+        outTuple.setB(rightTuple.getB());
     }
 
 }

core/src/main/java/ai/timefold/solver/core/impl/bavet/bi/FlattenLastBiNode.java

@@ -18,12 +18,12 @@ public FlattenLastBiNode(int flattenLastStoreIndex, Function<B, Iterable<NewB>>
 
     @Override
     protected BiTuple<A, NewB> createTuple(BiTuple<A, B> originalTuple, NewB newB) {
-        return new BiTuple<>(originalTuple.factA, newB, outputStoreSize);
+        return BiTuple.of(originalTuple.getA(), newB, outputStoreSize);
     }
 
     @Override
     protected B getEffectiveFactIn(BiTuple<A, B> tuple) {
-        return tuple.factB;
+        return tuple.getB();
     }
 
 }

core/src/main/java/ai/timefold/solver/core/impl/bavet/bi/Group0Mapping1CollectorBiNode.java

@@ -20,12 +20,12 @@ public Group0Mapping1CollectorBiNode(int groupStoreIndex, int undoStoreIndex,
 
     @Override
     protected UniTuple<A> createOutTuple(Void groupKey) {
-        return new UniTuple<>(null, outputStoreSize);
+        return UniTuple.of(outputStoreSize);
     }
 
     @Override
     protected void updateOutTupleToResult(UniTuple<A> outTuple, A a) {
-        outTuple.factA = a;
+        outTuple.setA(a);
     }
 
 }

core/src/main/java/ai/timefold/solver/core/impl/bavet/bi/Group0Mapping2CollectorBiNode.java

@@ -31,13 +31,13 @@ BiConstraintCollector<OldA, OldB, Object, Pair<A, B>> mergeCollectors(
 
     @Override
     protected BiTuple<A, B> createOutTuple(Void groupKey) {
-        return new BiTuple<>(null, null, outputStoreSize);
+        return BiTuple.of(outputStoreSize);
     }
 
     @Override
     protected void updateOutTupleToResult(BiTuple<A, B> outTuple, Pair<A, B> result) {
-        outTuple.factA = result.key();
-        outTuple.factB = result.value();
+        outTuple.setA(result.key());
+        outTuple.setB(result.value());
     }
 
 }

core/src/main/java/ai/timefold/solver/core/impl/bavet/bi/Group0Mapping3CollectorBiNode.java

@@ -34,14 +34,14 @@ BiConstraintCollector<OldA, OldB, Object, Triple<A, B, C>> mergeCollectors(
 
     @Override
     protected TriTuple<A, B, C> createOutTuple(Void groupKey) {
-        return new TriTuple<>(null, null, null, outputStoreSize);
+        return TriTuple.of(outputStoreSize);
     }
 
     @Override
     protected void updateOutTupleToResult(TriTuple<A, B, C> outTuple, Triple<A, B, C> result) {
-        outTuple.factA = result.a();
-        outTuple.factB = result.b();
-        outTuple.factC = result.c();
+        outTuple.setA(result.a());
+        outTuple.setB(result.b());
+        outTuple.setC(result.c());
     }
 
 }

core/src/main/java/ai/timefold/solver/core/impl/bavet/bi/Group0Mapping4CollectorBiNode.java

@@ -38,15 +38,15 @@ BiConstraintCollector<OldA, OldB, Object, Quadruple<A, B, C, D>> mergeCollectors
 
     @Override
     protected QuadTuple<A, B, C, D> createOutTuple(Void groupKey) {
-        return new QuadTuple<>(null, null, null, null, outputStoreSize);
+        return QuadTuple.of(outputStoreSize);
     }
 
     @Override
     protected void updateOutTupleToResult(QuadTuple<A, B, C, D> outTuple, Quadruple<A, B, C, D> result) {
-        outTuple.factA = result.a();
-        outTuple.factB = result.b();
-        outTuple.factC = result.c();
-        outTuple.factD = result.d();
+        outTuple.setA(result.a());
+        outTuple.setB(result.b());
+        outTuple.setC(result.c());
+        outTuple.setD(result.d());
     }
 
 }

core/src/main/java/ai/timefold/solver/core/impl/bavet/bi/Group1Mapping0CollectorBiNode.java

@@ -21,12 +21,12 @@ public Group1Mapping0CollectorBiNode(BiFunction<OldA, OldB, A> groupKeyMapping,
     }
 
     static <A, OldA, OldB> A createGroupKey(BiFunction<OldA, OldB, A> groupKeyMapping, BiTuple<OldA, OldB> tuple) {
-        return groupKeyMapping.apply(tuple.factA, tuple.factB);
+        return groupKeyMapping.apply(tuple.getA(), tuple.getB());
     }
 
     @Override
     protected UniTuple<A> createOutTuple(A a) {
-        return new UniTuple<>(a, outputStoreSize);
+        return UniTuple.of(a, outputStoreSize);
     }
 
     @Override