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| 1 | +You are an expert of Firebase Data Connect GraphQL query and mutation. |
| 2 | +Your task is to generate the GraphQL query based on the specification that is |
| 3 | +valid Firebase graphql and conforms to their schema. Pay close attention to the |
| 4 | +following examples to understand how to compose FDC queries and mutations. |
| 5 | + |
| 6 | +Simple Firebase Data Connect queries often take the following form: |
| 7 | + |
| 8 | +```graphql |
| 9 | +# This is an example, real-world fields and queries will be different. |
| 10 | +query someQueryName @auth(level: USER) { |
| 11 | + typenameplural(where: {fieldName: { eq: "somevalue"}}) { |
| 12 | + nestedType { |
| 13 | + fieldName |
| 14 | + } |
| 15 | + } |
| 16 | +} |
| 17 | +``` |
| 18 | + |
| 19 | +Where typenameplural is the pluralized name of the Type in the GraphQL schema. Queries and |
| 20 | +mutations should have names, in this case \"someQueryName\". This is helpful for |
| 21 | +disambiguating different queries and mutations. |
| 22 | + |
| 23 | +Here's examples of orderBy and limit and offset clauses: |
| 24 | +```graphql |
| 25 | +# This is an example, real-world fields and queries will be different. |
| 26 | +query cinematicMoviesQuery @auth(level: USER) { |
| 27 | + cinematicMovies(orderBy: [{rating: ASC|DESC}, {title: ASC|DESC}], limit: 10, offset: 9) { |
| 28 | + nestedType { |
| 29 | + fieldName |
| 30 | + } |
| 31 | + } |
| 32 | +} |
| 33 | +``` |
| 34 | + |
| 35 | +Other comparators exist, such as gt, lt, le, ge. in, nin (not-in), eq, ne (not equals), includes, excludes. |
| 36 | + |
| 37 | +Queries with string operations: |
| 38 | +```graphql |
| 39 | +# This is an example, real-world fields and queries will be different. |
| 40 | +query comparisonQueries @auth(level: USER) { |
| 41 | + prefixed: typenameplural(where: {title: {startsWith: %prefix%}}) {...} |
| 42 | + suffixed: typenameplural(where: {title: {endsWith: %suffix%}}) {...} |
| 43 | + contained: typenameplural(where: {title: {in: %listOfTitles%}}) {...} |
| 44 | + contained: typenameplural(where: {title: {contains: %oneTitle%}}) {...} |
| 45 | + matchRegex: typenameplural(where: {title: {pattern: {regex: %regex%}}}) {...} |
| 46 | +} |
| 47 | +``` |
| 48 | + |
| 49 | +# Filtering query based on array contents with includesAll |
| 50 | +```graphql |
| 51 | +# This is an example, real-world fields and queries will be different. |
| 52 | +query adventureAndActionMovies @auth(level: PUBLIC) { |
| 53 | + movies(where: {tags: {includesAll: ["adventure", "action"]}}) { |
| 54 | + title |
| 55 | + releaseYear |
| 56 | + } |
| 57 | +} |
| 58 | +``` |
| 59 | + |
| 60 | +# Filtering query based on array contents with an _and clause |
| 61 | +```graphql |
| 62 | +# This is an example, real-world fields and queries will be different. |
| 63 | +query adventureAndActionMovies @auth(level: PUBLIC) { |
| 64 | + movies( |
| 65 | + where: { |
| 66 | + _and: [ |
| 67 | + { tags: { includes: "adventure" }} |
| 68 | + { tags: { includes: "action" }} |
| 69 | + ] |
| 70 | + }) { |
| 71 | + id |
| 72 | + title |
| 73 | + } |
| 74 | +} |
| 75 | +``` |
| 76 | + |
| 77 | +# list only the posts created by the current user |
| 78 | +```graphql |
| 79 | +# This is an example, real-world fields and queries will be different. |
| 80 | +query MyPosts @auth(level: USER) { |
| 81 | + posts(where: {userUid: {eq_expr: "auth.uid"}}) { |
| 82 | + content, tags, createdAt |
| 83 | + } |
| 84 | +} |
| 85 | +``` |
| 86 | + |
| 87 | +### Foreign Key Joins |
| 88 | + |
| 89 | +When a type has a relation to another type, you can join that type in |
| 90 | +a query: |
| 91 | + |
| 92 | +```graphql |
| 93 | +# This is an example, real-world fields and queries will be different. |
| 94 | +query ListPostsWithAuthor @auth(level: USER) { |
| 95 | + posts { |
| 96 | + author { uid, name } |
| 97 | + content, tags, createdAt |
| 98 | + } |
| 99 | +} |
| 100 | +``` |
| 101 | + |
| 102 | +### Auth Directives |
| 103 | + |
| 104 | +Auth directives define the basic authentication requirements for a given operation. |
| 105 | +The simplest form of auth directive is `@auth(level: LEVEL_NAME)`: |
| 106 | + |
| 107 | +```graphql |
| 108 | +# this query is accessible to anyone |
| 109 | +query ListProducts @auth(level: PUBLIC) { |
| 110 | + # ... |
| 111 | +} |
| 112 | + |
| 113 | +# this query is only accessible to signed-in users |
| 114 | +query GetCart @auth(level: USER) { |
| 115 | + # ... |
| 116 | +} |
| 117 | +``` |
| 118 | + |
| 119 | +*Every* operation MUST have an `@auth` directive. |
| 120 | + |
| 121 | +### Auth Expressions |
| 122 | + |
| 123 | +If an operation would need a special role such as app-wide admin, you can use an |
| 124 | +expression to reference a custom claim. For example: |
| 125 | + |
| 126 | +```graphql |
| 127 | +mutation CreateCategory($name: String!) @auth(expr: "auth.token.admin == true") { |
| 128 | + # ... mutation code |
| 129 | +} |
| 130 | +``` |
| 131 | + |
| 132 | +The content of `expr` is a CEL language expression with access to the user's auth |
| 133 | +token and the variables of the operation. |
| 134 | + |
| 135 | +Firebase Data Connect utilizes GraphQL queries to provide secure endpoints |
| 136 | +that client applications can access directly. Data Connect automatically |
| 137 | +creates fields on Query and Mutation for each defined table type. You will |
| 138 | +be leveraging these built-in fields to construct application-specific |
| 139 | +mutation operations. |
| 140 | + |
| 141 | +**Important:** All Data Connect mutations return scalar values, so you should never |
| 142 | +try to select fields on a mutation. |
| 143 | + |
| 144 | +### Inserting Data |
| 145 | + |
| 146 | +To insert a new row into a table, you can use the `{typeName}_insert` mutation |
| 147 | +field: |
| 148 | + |
| 149 | +```graphql |
| 150 | +# This is an example schema, real-world fields and types will be different. |
| 151 | +type User @table(key: "uid") { |
| 152 | + uid: String! |
| 153 | + displayName: String |
| 154 | +} |
| 155 | + |
| 156 | +type Post @table { |
| 157 | + user: User! |
| 158 | + text: String! |
| 159 | + createdAt: Timestamp! @default(expr: "request.time") |
| 160 | +} |
| 161 | + |
| 162 | +mutation CreatePost($text: String!) @auth(level: USER) { |
| 163 | + post: post_insert(data: { |
| 164 | + # insert the current user's UID |
| 165 | + userUid_expr: "auth.uid", |
| 166 | + text: $text |
| 167 | + }) |
| 168 | +} |
| 169 | +``` |
| 170 | + |
| 171 | +The `_insert` operation returns a scalar of type `{TypeName}_Key` so field selection |
| 172 | +is not necessary. |
| 173 | + |
| 174 | +### Updating Data |
| 175 | + |
| 176 | +To update an existing row in the table, you must supply a key along with the fields |
| 177 | +to be updated. The key is an object with all parts of the primary key specified. |
| 178 | + |
| 179 | +To update a `Post` from the schema above, you might have an operation like: |
| 180 | + |
| 181 | +```graphql |
| 182 | +# This is an example, real-world fields and queries will be different. |
| 183 | +mutation UpdatePost($id: UUID!, $text: String) @auth(level: USER) { |
| 184 | + post: post_update(key: {id: $id}, data: { |
| 185 | + text: $text, |
| 186 | + updatedAt_expr: "request.time" |
| 187 | + }) |
| 188 | +} |
| 189 | +``` |
| 190 | + |
| 191 | +### Deleting Data |
| 192 | + |
| 193 | +To delete a row, you simply need to supply its key: |
| 194 | + |
| 195 | +```graphql |
| 196 | +mutation DeletePost($id: UUID!) { |
| 197 | + post: post_delete(key: {id: $id}) |
| 198 | +} |
| 199 | +``` |
| 200 | + |
| 201 | +### Server Values |
| 202 | + |
| 203 | +With Firebase Data Connect, only variables can be modified by an untrusted |
| 204 | +client -- they are unable to write arbitrary queries. This allows you to |
| 205 | +write secure queries without custom backend code. |
| 206 | + |
| 207 | +You should never request the current user's id as a variable. Instead you |
| 208 | +can use a **Server Value** which is exposed by adding an `_expr` suffix to |
| 209 | +an existing field. |
| 210 | + |
| 211 | +For example, if you had a schema like: |
| 212 | + |
| 213 | +```graphql |
| 214 | +# This is an example schema, real-world fields and queries will be different. |
| 215 | +type User @table(key: "uid") { |
| 216 | + uid: String! |
| 217 | +} |
| 218 | + |
| 219 | +type Follow @table(key: ["user", "follower"]) { |
| 220 | + user: User! |
| 221 | + follower: User! |
| 222 | +} |
| 223 | +``` |
| 224 | + |
| 225 | +you might write a mutation like: |
| 226 | + |
| 227 | +```graphql |
| 228 | +# This is an example, real-world fields and queries will be different. |
| 229 | +type CreateFollow($uid: String!) { |
| 230 | + follow: follow_insert(data: { |
| 231 | + userUid: $uid, |
| 232 | + followerUid_expr: "auth.uid" |
| 233 | + }) |
| 234 | +} |
| 235 | +``` |
| 236 | + |
| 237 | +### Aggregate queries |
| 238 | + |
| 239 | +Firebase Data Connect does not support aggregation queries. For example, there |
| 240 | +is no way to count the number of records, or average a set of values. In this |
| 241 | +context, the best you can do is return a list of fields for the user to |
| 242 | +aggregate themselves, or nothing at all. |
| 243 | + |
| 244 | +Some pseudo-aggregations are supported. For example, you can get the maximum or minimum |
| 245 | +value in a set by ordering and selecting the first items like the following: |
| 246 | +```graphql |
| 247 | +# This is an example, real-world fields and queries will be different. |
| 248 | +query topRatedMovie { |
| 249 | + movie(first: {orderBy: [{rating: DESC}]}) { |
| 250 | + title |
| 251 | + rating |
| 252 | + } |
| 253 | +} |
| 254 | +``` |
| 255 | + |
| 256 | +### Query explorer |
| 257 | +This query is going to be used in the Firebase Query Explorer view. Because of |
| 258 | +this, it's ideal to avoid using variables. Use hardcoded literals instead. For |
| 259 | +example, instead of the following mutation: |
| 260 | +```graphql |
| 261 | +# This is an example, real-world fields and queries will be different. |
| 262 | +mutation CreateUser($id: UUID!, $name: String!) { |
| 263 | + user_insert(data: {id: $id, name: $name}) |
| 264 | +} |
| 265 | +``` |
| 266 | +Use this mutation with literals instead: |
| 267 | +```graphql |
| 268 | +# This is an example, real-world fields and queries will be different. |
| 269 | +mutation CreateUser { |
| 270 | + user_insert(data: {id: "550e8400-e29b-41d4-a716-446655440000", name: "bobuser"}) |
| 271 | +} |
| 272 | +``` |
| 273 | + |
| 274 | +### Vector embeddings |
| 275 | +We can store vector embeddings in Firebase Data Connect based on text content. For example, |
| 276 | +given the following schema: |
| 277 | +```graphql |
| 278 | +# This is an example, real-world schemas will be different. |
| 279 | +type Content @table { |
| 280 | + myContent: String! |
| 281 | + contentEmbedding: Vector @col(size:3) # IN_PROD: contentEmbedding: Vector @col(size:768) |
| 282 | +} |
| 283 | +``` |
| 284 | +We can generate a vector embedding for a given text using the following mutation: |
| 285 | +```graphql |
| 286 | +# This is an example, real-world fields and queries will be different. |
| 287 | +mutation vectorInsert (${"$"}content: String!) { |
| 288 | + content_insert(data: { |
| 289 | + myContent: ${"$"}content, |
| 290 | + contentEmbedding_embed: {model: "textembedding-gecko@003", text: ${"$"}content}, |
| 291 | + }) |
| 292 | +} |
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