diff --git a/docs/changes.rst b/docs/changes.rst
index 7dfa2e554692..5fdf0e67c071 100644
--- a/docs/changes.rst
+++ b/docs/changes.rst
@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ Weblate 5.15.2
 
 * :ref:`addon-weblate.generate.generate` is now triggered upon installation.
 * Screenshots updated from the repository have proper history.
+* :ref:`check-rst-syntax` now reports unintended list conversion.
 
 .. rubric:: Bug fixes
 
diff --git a/docs/locales/ja/LC_MESSAGES/docs.po b/docs/locales/ja/LC_MESSAGES/docs.po
index 534c4a543ea3..15648b854da8 100644
--- a/docs/locales/ja/LC_MESSAGES/docs.po
+++ b/docs/locales/ja/LC_MESSAGES/docs.po
@@ -48921,7 +48921,7 @@ msgstr ""
 
 #: ../../security/passwords.rst:33
 msgid "Social or third-party authentication"
-msgstr "- ソーシャル認証またはサードパーティ認証"
+msgstr "ソーシャル認証またはサードパーティ認証"
 
 #: ../../security/passwords.rst:35
 msgid ""
diff --git a/weblate/checks/markup.py b/weblate/checks/markup.py
index c64c367aa922..b163a32118b2 100644
--- a/weblate/checks/markup.py
+++ b/weblate/checks/markup.py
@@ -114,6 +114,8 @@
     re.compile(r"""Interpreted text role "([^"]*)" not implemented\."""),
 ]
 
+RST_LIST_START = ("- ", "* ", "+ ")
+
 
 def strip_entities(text):
     """Strip all HTML entities (we don't care about them)."""
@@ -577,7 +579,7 @@ def get_rst_publisher() -> Publisher:
 @lru_cache(maxsize=512)
 def validate_rst_snippet(
     snippet: str, source_tags: tuple[str] | None = None
-) -> tuple[list[str], list[str]]:
+) -> tuple[tuple[str, ...], tuple[str, ...]]:
     publisher = get_rst_publisher()
     document = utils.new_document("", publisher.settings)
 
@@ -632,7 +634,7 @@ def error_collector(data: system_message) -> None:
         transform = transform_class(transformer.document, startnode=pending)
         transform.apply(**kwargs)
         transformer.applied.append((priority, transform_class, pending, kwargs))
-    return errors, roles
+    return tuple(errors), tuple(roles)
 
 
 class RSTSyntaxCheck(RSTBaseCheck):
@@ -644,7 +646,14 @@ def check_single(
         self, source: str, target: str, unit: Unit
     ) -> bool | MissingExtraDict:
         _errors, source_roles = validate_rst_snippet(source)
-        errors, _target_roles = validate_rst_snippet(target, tuple(source_roles))
+        rst_errors, _target_roles = validate_rst_snippet(target, source_roles)
+        errors = list(rst_errors)
+
+        # This is valid RST, but might mess up the document
+        if not source.startswith(RST_LIST_START) and target.startswith(RST_LIST_START):
+            errors.append(
+                gettext("The translation should not start with a list marker.")
+            )
 
         if errors:
             return {"errors": errors}
diff --git a/weblate/checks/tests/test_markup_checks.py b/weblate/checks/tests/test_markup_checks.py
index d04731a752ef..c2a5e69598ac 100644
--- a/weblate/checks/tests/test_markup_checks.py
+++ b/weblate/checks/tests/test_markup_checks.py
@@ -904,3 +904,61 @@ def test_substitution(self) -> None:
                 "rst-text",
             ),
         )
+
+    def test_list(self) -> None:
+        self.do_test(
+            False,
+            (
+                "Text",
+                "Text",
+                "rst-text",
+            ),
+        )
+        self.do_test(
+            True,
+            (
+                "Text",
+                "* Text",
+                "rst-text",
+            ),
+        )
+        self.do_test(
+            True,
+            (
+                "Text",
+                "- Text",
+                "rst-text",
+            ),
+        )
+        self.do_test(
+            True,
+            (
+                "Text",
+                "+ Text",
+                "rst-text",
+            ),
+        )
+        self.do_test(
+            False,
+            (
+                "- Text",
+                "- Text",
+                "rst-text",
+            ),
+        )
+        self.do_test(
+            False,
+            (
+                "- Text",
+                "* Text",
+                "rst-text",
+            ),
+        )
+        self.do_test(
+            False,
+            (
+                "- Text",
+                "+ Text",
+                "rst-text",
+            ),
+        )