GDB

GDB (The GNU Project Debugger) is a debugging tool that serves a dual purpose as a dynamic analysis tool. It lets you run a target process and step through its instructions one at a time.

I highly recommend using GEF https://hugsy.github.io/gef/ or pwndbg https://browserpwndbg.readthedocs.io/en/docs/ instead of stock GDB. It displays much more information by default (registers, stack, heap, etc.). It is also very easy to install.