[XDebug Bridge] List additional ASYNCIFY_ONLY functions to prevent unreachable crashes when using Devtools (#2454)

## Motivation for the change, related issues

I listed the two crashes I encountered while using Devtools in the
comments.

I am currently recompiling `php-wasm-node:asyncify`. 

## Implementation details

Added the following functions in `ASYNCIFY_ONLY_PREFIXED` :

```diff
// NEEDED TO PREVENT THE FIRST CRASH
+ php_fopen_primary_script
+ persistent_stream_open_function
+ php_stream_open_for_zend
+ zend_error_zstr
+ zend_register_constant
+ zif_define

// NEEDED TO PREVENT THE SECOND CRASH
+ zend_undefined_index
```

## Testing Instructions

Based on the instructions from #2442

One test is to step into the running files 68 times until breaking on
`define( 'WP_DEBUG', false );`. The next step would crash previously.
Not anymore.

The second test is to quit the Devtools tab while it is running. It
crashed previously. Not anymore.

Author: mho22