[BOLT] Hash-based function matching (llvm#95821)

Using the hashes of binary and profiled functions
to recover functions with changed names.

Test Plan: added 
hashing-based-function-matching.test.

Author: shawbyoung

bolt/docs/CommandLineArgumentReference.md

@@ -259,6 +259,10 @@
 
   Always use long jumps/nops for Linux kernel static keys
 
+- `--match-profile-with-function-hash`
+
+  Match profile with function hash
+
 - `--max-data-relocations=<uint>`
 
   Maximum number of data relocations to process

bolt/lib/Profile/YAMLProfileReader.cpp

@@ -22,6 +22,8 @@ namespace opts {
 extern cl::opt<unsigned> Verbosity;
 extern cl::OptionCategory BoltOptCategory;
 extern cl::opt<bool> InferStaleProfile;
+extern cl::opt<bool> MatchProfileWithFunctionHash;
+extern cl::opt<bool> Lite;
 
 static llvm::cl::opt<bool>
     IgnoreHash("profile-ignore-hash",
@@ -363,9 +365,19 @@ Error YAMLProfileReader::readProfile(BinaryContext &BC) {
     return Profile.Hash == static_cast<uint64_t>(BF.getHash());
   };
 
-  // We have to do 2 passes since LTO introduces an ambiguity in function
-  // names. The first pass assigns profiles that match 100% by name and
-  // by hash. The second pass allows name ambiguity for LTO private functions.
+  uint64_t MatchedWithExactName = 0;
+  uint64_t MatchedWithHash = 0;
+  uint64_t MatchedWithLTOCommonName = 0;
+
+  // Computes hash for binary functions.
+  if (opts::MatchProfileWithFunctionHash)
+    for (auto &[_, BF] : BC.getBinaryFunctions())
+      BF.computeHash(YamlBP.Header.IsDFSOrder, YamlBP.Header.HashFunction);
+  else if (!opts::IgnoreHash)
+    for (BinaryFunction *BF : ProfileBFs)
+      BF->computeHash(YamlBP.Header.IsDFSOrder, YamlBP.Header.HashFunction);
+
+  // This first pass assigns profiles that match 100% by name and by hash.
   for (auto [YamlBF, BF] : llvm::zip_equal(YamlBP.Functions, ProfileBFs)) {
     if (!BF)
       continue;
@@ -374,15 +386,34 @@ Error YAMLProfileReader::readProfile(BinaryContext &BC) {
     // the profile.
     Function.setExecutionCount(BinaryFunction::COUNT_NO_PROFILE);
 
-    // Recompute hash once per function.
-    if (!opts::IgnoreHash)
-      Function.computeHash(YamlBP.Header.IsDFSOrder,
-                           YamlBP.Header.HashFunction);
-
-    if (profileMatches(YamlBF, Function))
+    if (profileMatches(YamlBF, Function)) {
       matchProfileToFunction(YamlBF, Function);
+      ++MatchedWithExactName;
+    }
   }
 
+  // Uses the strict hash of profiled and binary functions to match functions
+  // that are not matched by name or common name.
+  if (opts::MatchProfileWithFunctionHash) {
+    std::unordered_map<size_t, BinaryFunction *> StrictHashToBF;
+    StrictHashToBF.reserve(BC.getBinaryFunctions().size());
+
+    for (auto &[_, BF] : BC.getBinaryFunctions())
+      StrictHashToBF[BF.getHash()] = &BF;
+
+    for (yaml::bolt::BinaryFunctionProfile &YamlBF : YamlBP.Functions) {
+      if (YamlBF.Used)
+        continue;
+      auto It = StrictHashToBF.find(YamlBF.Hash);
+      if (It != StrictHashToBF.end() && !ProfiledFunctions.count(It->second)) {
+        BinaryFunction *BF = It->second;
+        matchProfileToFunction(YamlBF, *BF);
+        ++MatchedWithHash;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  // This second pass allows name ambiguity for LTO private functions.
   for (const auto &[CommonName, LTOProfiles] : LTOCommonNameMap) {
     if (!LTOCommonNameFunctionMap.contains(CommonName))
       continue;
@@ -396,6 +427,7 @@ Error YAMLProfileReader::readProfile(BinaryContext &BC) {
       for (BinaryFunction *BF : Functions) {
         if (!ProfiledFunctions.count(BF) && profileMatches(*YamlBF, *BF)) {
           matchProfileToFunction(*YamlBF, *BF);
+          ++MatchedWithLTOCommonName;
           return true;
         }
       }
@@ -407,8 +439,10 @@ Error YAMLProfileReader::readProfile(BinaryContext &BC) {
     // partially.
     if (!ProfileMatched && LTOProfiles.size() == 1 && Functions.size() == 1 &&
         !LTOProfiles.front()->Used &&
-        !ProfiledFunctions.count(*Functions.begin()))
+        !ProfiledFunctions.count(*Functions.begin())) {
       matchProfileToFunction(*LTOProfiles.front(), **Functions.begin());
+      ++MatchedWithLTOCommonName;
+    }
   }
 
   for (auto [YamlBF, BF] : llvm::zip_equal(YamlBP.Functions, ProfileBFs))
@@ -420,6 +454,15 @@ Error YAMLProfileReader::readProfile(BinaryContext &BC) {
       errs() << "BOLT-WARNING: profile ignored for function " << YamlBF.Name
              << '\n';
 
+  if (opts::Verbosity >= 2) {
+    outs() << "BOLT-INFO: matched " << MatchedWithExactName
+           << " functions with identical names\n";
+    outs() << "BOLT-INFO: matched " << MatchedWithHash
+           << " functions with hash\n";
+    outs() << "BOLT-INFO: matched " << MatchedWithLTOCommonName
+           << " functions with matching LTO common names\n";
+  }
+
   // Set for parseFunctionProfile().
   NormalizeByInsnCount = usesEvent("cycles") || usesEvent("instructions");
   NormalizeByCalls = usesEvent("branches");
@@ -439,6 +482,11 @@ Error YAMLProfileReader::readProfile(BinaryContext &BC) {
 
   BC.setNumUnusedProfiledObjects(NumUnused);
 
+  if (opts::Lite)
+    for (BinaryFunction *BF : BC.getAllBinaryFunctions())
+      if (!BF->hasProfile())
+        BF->setIgnored();
+
   return Error::success();
 }
 

bolt/lib/Rewrite/RewriteInstance.cpp

@@ -82,6 +82,7 @@ extern cl::opt<bool> Hugify;
 extern cl::opt<bool> Instrument;
 extern cl::opt<JumpTableSupportLevel> JumpTables;
 extern cl::opt<bool> KeepNops;
+extern cl::opt<bool> MatchProfileWithFunctionHash;
 extern cl::list<std::string> ReorderData;
 extern cl::opt<bolt::ReorderFunctions::ReorderType> ReorderFunctions;
 extern cl::opt<bool> TerminalTrap;
@@ -2982,6 +2983,9 @@ void RewriteInstance::selectFunctionsToProcess() {
     if (mustSkip(Function))
       return false;
 
+    if (opts::MatchProfileWithFunctionHash)
+      return true;
+
     // If the list is not empty, only process functions from the list.
     if (!opts::ForceFunctionNames.empty() || !ForceFunctionsNR.empty()) {
       // Regex check (-funcs and -funcs-file options).

bolt/lib/Utils/CommandLineOpts.cpp

@@ -128,6 +128,11 @@ cl::opt<bool>
                cl::desc("instrument code to generate accurate profile data"),
                cl::cat(BoltOptCategory));
 
+cl::opt<bool>
+    MatchProfileWithFunctionHash("match-profile-with-function-hash",
+                                 cl::desc("Match profile with function hash"),
+                                 cl::Hidden, cl::cat(BoltCategory));
+
 cl::opt<std::string>
 OutputFilename("o",
   cl::desc("<output file>"),

bolt/test/X86/hashing-based-function-matching.test

@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+## Tests function matching in YAMLProfileReader by function hash.
+
+# REQUIRES: system-linux
+# RUN: split-file %s %t
+# RUN: llvm-mc -filetype=obj -triple x86_64-unknown-unknown %t/main.s -o %t.o
+# RUN: %clang %cflags %t.o -o %t.exe -Wl,-q -nostdlib
+# RUN: llvm-bolt %t.exe -o %t.out --data %t/yaml -v=2 \
+# RUN:   --print-cfg --match-profile-with-function-hash 2>&1 --profile-ignore-hash=0 | FileCheck %s
+
+# CHECK: BOLT-INFO: matched 1 functions with hash
+
+#--- main.s
+.globl main
+.type	main, @function
+main:
+  .cfi_startproc
+.LBB00:
+  pushq   %rbp
+  movq    %rsp, %rbp
+  subq    $16, %rsp
+  testq   %rax, %rax
+  js      .LBB03
+.LBB01:
+  jne     .LBB04
+.LBB02:
+  nop
+.LBB03:
+  xorl    %eax, %eax
+  addq    $16, %rsp
+  popq    %rbp
+  retq
+.LBB04:
+  xorl    %eax, %eax
+  addq    $16, %rsp
+  popq    %rbp
+  retq
+## For relocations against .text
+.LBB05:
+  call exit
+  .cfi_endproc
+  .size	main, .-main
+
+#--- yaml
+---
+header:
+  profile-version: 1
+  binary-name:     'hashing-based-function-matching.s.tmp.exe'
+  binary-build-id: '<unknown>'
+  profile-flags:   [ lbr ]
+  profile-origin:  branch profile reader
+  profile-events:  ''
+  dfs-order:       false
+  hash-func:       xxh3
+functions:
+  - name:            main2
+    fid:             0
+    hash:            0x72F82DEAA6FE65FB
+    exec:            1
+    nblocks:         6
+    blocks:
+      - bid:             1
+        insns:           1
+        succ:            [ { bid: 3, cnt: 1} ]
+...