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# Key Concept: UI5 Over-the-Wire?
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This page introduces the technical foundation of abap2UI5. At its core is an architectural model known as HTML Over-the-Wire, adapted to SAP-specific technologies. This approach streamlines UI5 app development by shifting both UI rendering and application logic to the ABAP backend.
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This page introduces the technical foundation of abap2UI5. At its core lies an architectural pattern known as HTML Over-the-Wire, thoughtfully adapted for the SAP technology stack. The key idea is to simplify UI5 application development by shifting both UI rendering and application logic entirely to the ABAP backend.
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#### What is HTML Over-the-Wire?
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HTML Over-the-Wire describes a server-centric web architecture in which the user interface is rendered on the server and transmitted to the browser as ready-to-use HTML.
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HTML Over-the-Wire describes a server-centric web architecture in which the user interface is generated on the server and sent to the browser as ready-to-render HTML.
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Instead of building complex JavaScript frontends and dealing with APIs and JSON, the server takes care of everything: it renders the UI and sends HTML directly to the browser. No need for client-side MVC frameworks, no JSON conversions, and no complicated deployment processes [(1)](https://signalvnoise.com/svn3/html-over-the-wire/):
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Instead of building and maintaining complex JavaScript frontends, managing APIs, and exchanging JSON, the server handles everything — from business logic to UI generation. The browser simply receives and renders HTML fragments. This approach eliminates the need for client-side MVC frameworks, data transformation layers, and frontend deployment processes [(1)](https://signalvnoise.com/svn3/html-over-the-wire/):
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> You can write fast, modern, responsive web applications by generating your HTML on the server, and delivering that directly to the browser. You don’t need JSON as an in-between format. You don’t need client-side MVC frameworks. You don’t need complicated bundling and transpiling pipelines.
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> This is what HTML Over The Wire is all about. It’s a celebration of the simplicity in HTML as the format for carrying data and presentation together, whether this is delivered on the first load or with subsequent dynamic updates.
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In this architecture:
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- The first request loads the basic JavaScript and CSS.
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-After that, the server only sends HTML fragments when needed.
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- The browser simply inserts those into the DOM. No full reloads required.
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- The initial request delivers JavaScript and CSS assets
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-Subsequent interactions trigger AJAX calls to fetch HTML fragments
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- The browser inserts these fragments into the DOM without reloading the full page
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This keeps the frontend clean and simple — just a rendering layer, while all logic stays in the backend:
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This results in a clean and lightweight frontend — a pure rendering layer — while all logic remains under full control of the backend:
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*[Unpoly](https://unpoly.com), Simplified partial page updates, Any web stack
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#### Isn't this just old-school server rendering?
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#### But isn't this just old-school server rendering?
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In the early days of web development, Server-Side Rendering (SSR) was the standard. Each user interaction triggered a full-page reload, with the server delivering the complete HTML response. In the SAP ecosystem, this approach was used by technologies such as ITS Mobile and SAP GUI for HTML.
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