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Raspberry Pi 5 Setup

🇷🇺 Русская версия

Guide for preparing RPi 5 for the SocksTank robot.

Specifications

Parameter Value
Model Raspberry Pi 5 Model B Rev 1.0
SoC BCM2712 (Cortex-A76)
CPU 4 cores, 1.5-2.4 GHz
RAM 8 GB
OS Debian GNU/Linux 13 (trixie) 64-bit
Kernel 6.12.62+rpt-rpi-2712 aarch64
Python 3.13.5 (aarch64 64-bit)
Disk microSD 117 GB
Revision d04170
IP 192.168.0.158 (DHCP, hostname rpi5)

Differences from RPi 4 (legacy)

RPi 4 Model B RPi 5 Model B
CPU Cortex-A72 1.8 GHz Cortex-A76 2.4 GHz
RAM 3.3 GB 8 GB
OS Debian 12 bookworm 64-bit Debian 13 trixie 64-bit
Python 3.11.2 (aarch64) 3.13.5 (aarch64)
PyTorch ✅ 2.8.0+cpu ✅ 2.10.0+cpu
onnxruntime ✅ 1.24.2 ✅ 1.24.2
ncnn ✅ ✅ 1.0.20260114
Power 5V/3A (USB-C) 5V/5A (USB PD)
pigpiod Required Not required
Camera cam0 (15-pin CSI) cam0 or cam1 (22-pin FPC)
Disk (write) 60.7 MB/s (USB SanDisk) 64.3 MB/s (microSD)
Disk (read) 151 MB/s (USB SanDisk) 90.6 MB/s (microSD)
YOLO FPS (NCNN) 2.4 FPS (1 thread) 14.9 FPS (4 OMP threads, with preproc)

Power

RPi 5 draws significantly more power than RPi 4. The Freenove Tank Board DC/DC converter is insufficient.

Solution: XL6019E1 buck-boost converter (2x18650 → 5.2V → GPIO) + capacitors + gradual startup.

Detailed measurements, converter comparison, wiring and recommendations: rpi5-power.md

Cooling

Recommended: RPi 5 Active Cooler — aluminum heatsink with PWM fan, connects to the FAN header on RPi 5 board. Fan speed is controlled automatically based on temperature.

Temperature under load (YOLO inference, 4 cores): 38→47°C (XL6019E1), 37→60°C (LM2596). Throttled=0x0.

The original has a Raspberry Pi logo, clones are functionally identical.

Alternative: Argon THRML 30 mm style blower cooler for Raspberry Pi 5. It is more compact and can be useful when vertical clearance is limited inside a chassis. This is not the default recommendation yet, but it looks like a practical low-profile option to test.

Argon THRML 30 mm style cooler

Active Cooler installed on RPi 5

Original Active Cooler (Raspberry Pi logo)

Active Cooler clone with thermal pads

Where to buy:

OS Installation

Use Raspberry Pi OS Lite (64-bit) via Raspberry Pi Imager:

  • OS: Raspberry Pi OS (other) → Raspberry Pi OS Lite (64-bit)
  • Hostname: rpi5
  • Username: zeus
  • Wi-Fi + SSH: enable

Network

Uses DHCP (ipv4.method: auto) + hostname rpi5. Static IP is not needed — access via hostname through mDNS (avahi):

ssh rpi5            # instead of ssh 192.168.0.xxx
http://rpi5:8080    # web panel

If mDNS doesn't work (Windows without Bonjour, or a different network), you can set a static IP:

sudo nmcli con modify "netplan-wlan0-YOUR_SSID" ipv4.addresses 192.168.0.158/24
sudo nmcli con modify "netplan-wlan0-YOUR_SSID" ipv4.gateway 192.168.0.1
sudo nmcli con modify "netplan-wlan0-YOUR_SSID" ipv4.dns "8.8.8.8"
sudo nmcli con modify "netplan-wlan0-YOUR_SSID" ipv4.method manual
sudo nmcli con up "netplan-wlan0-YOUR_SSID"

Installed Packages

Python 3.13.5 (aarch64 64-bit)
torch 2.10.0+cpu
torchvision 0.25.0
ultralytics 8.4.16
cv2 4.13.0 (opencv-python-headless)
numpy 2.4.2
ncnn 1.0.20260114
onnxruntime 1.24.2
matplotlib 3.10.8
scipy 1.17.1
polars 1.38.1

config.txt

File: /boot/firmware/config.txt

Added parameters for SocksTank:

# PWM for Freenove Tank Board servos
dtoverlay=pwm-2chan,pin=12,func=4,pin2=13,func2=4

# OV5647 camera
dtoverlay=ov5647

# Power via GPIO from Freenove Tank Board
usb_max_current_enable=1
psu_max_current=5000

Full config: ../rpi5-config.txt

Differences from RPi 4 (legacy)

  • pigpiod is not needed on RPi 5 (uses built-in GPIO)
  • Camera: RPi 5 has cam0/cam1 connectors with 22-pin FPC (not 15-pin CSI like RPi 4). A 22→15 pin cable or 22-to-15 adapter is needed. On AliExpress search: «Raspberry Pi 5 camera cable 22pin to 15pin» or «RPi 5 CSI FPC adapter 22 15».
  • LED (PCB v1): the onboard RGB LEDs are not supported on RPi 5 with the original PCB v1 board. rpi_ws281x is not compatible there, so the LED controls are intentionally disabled in the UI. On RPi 4 the LEDs work, and on PCB v2 they work via SPI.

Benchmarks

Key numbers (YOLOv11n, pip ncnn native + OMP workaround):

Configuration FPS vs RPi 4
4 OMP threads (pure inference) 15.8 14.4x
4 OMP threads (with preproc) 14.9 13.5x
XL6019E1, 4 cores (battery) 11.2 10.2x
LM2596, 2 cores (battery) 11.1 10.1x

Disk: write 73.5 MB/s, read 94.5 MB/s (microSD).

Detailed measurements for all formats, power sources, INT8 and temperatures: benchmarks.md, disk-benchmarks.md

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