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11 files changed

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‎part2/Makefile‎

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kernel_source_files := $(shell find src/impl/kernel -name *.c)
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kernel_object_files := $(patsubst src/impl/kernel/%.c, build/kernel/%.o, $(kernel_source_files))
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x86_64_c_source_files := $(shell find src/impl/x86_64 -name *.c)
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x86_64_c_object_files := $(patsubst src/impl/x86_64/%.c, build/x86_64/%.o, $(x86_64_c_source_files))
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x86_64_asm_source_files := $(shell find src/impl/x86_64 -name *.asm)
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x86_64_asm_object_files := $(patsubst src/impl/x86_64/%.asm, build/x86_64/%.o, $(x86_64_asm_source_files))
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x86_64_object_files := $(x86_64_c_object_files) $(x86_64_asm_object_files)
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$(kernel_object_files): build/kernel/%.o : src/impl/kernel/%.c
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mkdir -p $(dir $@) && \
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x86_64-elf-gcc -c -I src/intf -ffreestanding $(patsubst build/kernel/%.o, src/impl/kernel/%.c, $@) -o $@
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$(x86_64_c_object_files): build/x86_64/%.o : src/impl/x86_64/%.c
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mkdir -p $(dir $@) && \
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x86_64-elf-gcc -c -I src/intf -ffreestanding $(patsubst build/x86_64/%.o, src/impl/x86_64/%.c, $@) -o $@
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$(x86_64_asm_object_files): build/x86_64/%.o : src/impl/x86_64/%.asm
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mkdir -p $(dir $@) && \
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nasm -f elf64 $(patsubst build/x86_64/%.o, src/impl/x86_64/%.asm, $@) -o $@
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.PHONY: build
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build: $(kernel_object_files) $(x86_64_object_files)
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mkdir -p dist/x86_64 && \
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x86_64-elf-ld -n -o dist/x86_64/kernel.bin -T targets/x86_64/linker.ld $(kernel_object_files) $(x86_64_object_files) && \
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cp dist/x86_64/kernel.bin targets/x86_64/iso/boot/kernel.bin && \
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dd if=/dev/zero of=dist/x86_64/kernel.iso bs=1M count=10
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sudo mkfs.fat dist/x86_64/kernel.iso
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sudo fatlabel dist/x86_64/kernel.iso 9BAR-DEF0
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grub-mkrescue /usr/lib/grub/i386-pc -o dist/x86_64/kernel.iso targets/x86_64/iso
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clean:
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rm -rf build
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rm -rf dist

‎part2/Readme.md‎

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1-
#part2
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#Os dev part 1
22

3-
. Improved filesystem
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Welcome to make your first os
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Download this template and make the cross-compiler and add it to $PATH variable
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Then run ```make``` and ```make build-x86_64```
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This episode includes :
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1. A file system
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2. VGA support(a little bit)
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That's all. Se ya'll next episode
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‎part2/src/impl/kernel/main.c‎

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#include "print.h"
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void kernel_main() {
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// print_clear();
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print_set_color(PRINT_COLOR_YELLOW, PRINT_COLOR_LIGHT_GREEN);
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print_str("Welcome to our 64-bit kernel!\n");
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print_str("This is the FAT FILE SYSTEM");
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}

‎part2/src/impl/x86_64/boot/header.asm‎

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section .multiboot_header
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header_start:
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; magic number
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dd 0xe85250d6 ; multiboot2
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; architecture
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dd 0 ; protected mode i386
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; header length
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dd header_end - header_start
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; checksum
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dd 0x100000000 - (0xe85250d6 + 0 + (header_end - header_start))
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; end tag
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dw 0
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dw 0
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dd 8
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header_end:

‎part2/src/impl/x86_64/boot/main.asm‎

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global start
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extern long_mode_start
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section .text
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bits 32
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start:
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mov esp, stack_top
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call check_multiboot
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call check_cpuid
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call check_long_mode
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call setup_page_tables
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call enable_paging
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lgdt [gdt64.pointer]
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jmp gdt64.code_segment:long_mode_start
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hlt
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check_multiboot:
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cmp eax, 0x36d76289
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jne .no_multiboot
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ret
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.no_multiboot:
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mov al, "M"
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jmp error
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check_cpuid:
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pushfd
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pop eax
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mov ecx, eax
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xor eax, 1 << 21
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push eax
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popfd
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pushfd
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pop eax
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push ecx
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popfd
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cmp eax, ecx
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je .no_cpuid
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ret
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.no_cpuid:
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mov al, "C"
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jmp error
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check_long_mode:
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mov eax, 0x80000000
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cpuid
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cmp eax, 0x80000001
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jb .no_long_mode
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mov eax, 0x80000001
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cpuid
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test edx, 1 << 29
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jz .no_long_mode
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ret
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.no_long_mode:
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mov al, "L"
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jmp error
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setup_page_tables:
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mov eax, page_table_l3
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or eax, 0b11 ; present, writable
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mov [page_table_l4], eax
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mov eax, page_table_l2
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or eax, 0b11 ; present, writable
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mov [page_table_l3], eax
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mov ecx, 0 ; counter
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.loop:
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mov eax, 0x200000 ; 2MiB
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mul ecx
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or eax, 0b10000011 ; present, writable, huge page
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mov [page_table_l2 + ecx * 8], eax
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inc ecx ; increment counter
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cmp ecx, 512 ; checks if the whole table is mapped
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jne .loop ; if not, continue
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ret
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enable_paging:
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; pass page table location to cpu
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mov eax, page_table_l4
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mov cr3, eax
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; enable PAE
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mov eax, cr4
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or eax, 1 << 5
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mov cr4, eax
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; enable long mode
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mov ecx, 0xC0000080
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rdmsr
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or eax, 1 << 8
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wrmsr
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; enable paging
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mov eax, cr0
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or eax, 1 << 31
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mov cr0, eax
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ret
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error:
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; print "ERR: X" where X is the error code
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mov dword [0xb8000], 0x4f524f45
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mov dword [0xb8004], 0x4f3a4f52
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mov dword [0xb8008], 0x4f204f20
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mov byte [0xb800a], al
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hlt
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section .bss
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align 4096
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page_table_l4:
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resb 4096
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page_table_l3:
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resb 4096
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page_table_l2:
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resb 4096
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stack_bottom:
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resb 4096 * 4
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stack_top:
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section .rodata
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gdt64:
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dq 0 ; zero entry
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.code_segment: equ $ - gdt64
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dq (1 << 43) | (1 << 44) | (1 << 47) | (1 << 53) ; code segment
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.pointer:
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dw $ - gdt64 - 1 ; length
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dq gdt64 ; address

‎part2/src/impl/x86_64/boot/main64.asm‎

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global long_mode_start
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extern kernel_main
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section .text
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bits 64
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long_mode_start:
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; load null into all data segment registers
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mov ax, 0
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mov ss, ax
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mov ds, ax
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mov es, ax
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mov fs, ax
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mov gs, ax
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call kernel_main
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hlt

‎part2/src/impl/x86_64/print.c‎

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#include "print.h"
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const static size_t NUM_COLS = 80;
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const static size_t NUM_ROWS = 25;
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struct Char {
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uint8_t character;
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uint8_t color;
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};
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struct Char* buffer = (struct Char*) 0xb8000;
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size_t col = 0;
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size_t row = 0;
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uint8_t color = PRINT_COLOR_WHITE | PRINT_COLOR_BLACK << 4;
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void clear_row(size_t row) {
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struct Char empty = (struct Char) {
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character: ' ',
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color: color,
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};
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for (size_t col = 0; col < NUM_COLS; col++) {
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buffer[col + NUM_COLS * row] = empty;
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}
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}
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void print_clear() {
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for (size_t i = 0; i < NUM_ROWS; i++) {
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clear_row(i);
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}
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}
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void print_newline() {
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col = 0;
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if (row < NUM_ROWS - 1) {
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row++;
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return;
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}
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for (size_t row = 1; row < NUM_ROWS; row++) {
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for (size_t col = 0; col < NUM_COLS; col++) {
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struct Char character = buffer[col + NUM_COLS * row];
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buffer[col + NUM_COLS * (row - 1)] = character;
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}
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}
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clear_row(NUM_COLS - 1);
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}
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void print_char(char character) {
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if (character == '\n') {
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print_newline();
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return;
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}
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if (col > NUM_COLS) {
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print_newline();
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}
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buffer[col + NUM_COLS * row] = (struct Char) {
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character: (uint8_t) character,
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color: color,
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};
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col++;
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}
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void print_str(char* str) {
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for (size_t i = 0; 1; i++) {
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char character = (uint8_t) str[i];
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if (character == '\0') {
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return;
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}
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print_char(character);
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}
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}
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void print_set_color(uint8_t foreground, uint8_t background) {
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color = foreground + (background << 4);
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}

‎part2/src/intf/print.h‎

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#pragma once
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#include <stdint.h>
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#include <stddef.h>
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enum {
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PRINT_COLOR_BLACK = 0,
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PRINT_COLOR_BLUE = 1,
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PRINT_COLOR_GREEN = 2,
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PRINT_COLOR_CYAN = 3,
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PRINT_COLOR_RED = 4,
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PRINT_COLOR_MAGENTA = 5,
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PRINT_COLOR_BROWN = 6,
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PRINT_COLOR_LIGHT_GRAY = 7,
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PRINT_COLOR_DARK_GRAY = 8,
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PRINT_COLOR_LIGHT_BLUE = 9,
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PRINT_COLOR_LIGHT_GREEN = 10,
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PRINT_COLOR_LIGHT_CYAN = 11,
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PRINT_COLOR_LIGHT_RED = 12,
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PRINT_COLOR_PINK = 13,
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PRINT_COLOR_YELLOW = 14,
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PRINT_COLOR_WHITE = 15,
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};
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void print_clear();
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void print_char(char character);
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void print_str(char* string);
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void print_set_color(uint8_t foreground, uint8_t background);

‎part2/targets/x86_64/iso/boot/grub/grub.cfg‎

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set timeout=0
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set default=0
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menuentry "MITHUOS" {
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multiboot2 /boot/kernel.bin
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boot
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initrd initrd.img
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insmod fat
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search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root 9BAR-DEF0
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}

‎part2/targets/x86_64/iso/boot/kernel.bin‎

7.59 KB
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